Social philisophy
Krol Elizaveta
Postgraduate student of department of philosophy of Syberian
Federal University,
Existential
choice of professional: the issue statement.
Our society
is very diverse in the directions of its activity. And in every direction many
people work. They provide satisfaction own and society requirements. Since involuntary
or chattel slavery ceased to be used then person becomes more and more free in
the choice of the professional way.
The
professional life is represented huge layer of human validity, which exerts
impact on other spheres of activity and sometimes subordinating them to itself.
Psychologists claim: degree of satisfaction with professional situation often
exerts decisive impact on formation by satisfaction with life in general. [1, p.
101]
Now, more
than ever the person has an opportunity to study what really interests him and
to be engaged in this or that professional activity. However, reality disproves
the similar statement and the picture is developed which many people for many
years work in a profession which is not even pleasant to them, feeling deep
discomfort. The research of the matter is actively studied by experts of
various sciences: psychology, sociology, pedagogics. We
will consider the general aspects of the choice of professional activity in the
basis social philosophy level leaning on important concepts of existential
philosophy.
French
existentialist, Jean-Paul Sartre claims the initial characteristic of the
person is liberty of choice which is in indissoluble communication with
responsibility for result of this choice. For this reason central notion in
existentialism is choice. The fundamental existential choice, according to the
point of view of J.-P. Sartre is the choice of own life project, i.e. some
ideal image of yourself in all variety of the directions of activity. The
choice is understood as a way to attach to the world significance to fill it
with sense. This semantic choice
is made on any basis such understanding of the world and
its properties which influences life of the personality. The absolute bases for
the choice do not exist, therefore on Sartre's belief the person himself has to
«anew invent the good and evil, the moral law and values, to allocate with
sense the world and own life.»[2]
The moment
of necessity to make some choice and fill the emptiness with any basis is
understood as existential crisis in existential philosophy. This crisis
manifestation in the field of certain types choice’s need of professional
activity is very bright and characteristic. [3] Otherwise this process can be
described thus. During the life we periodically get into a professional
self-determination’s need situation. Zeer claims that
it happens upon transition from one stage of development of the personality on
another and this process begins from with the early childhood and continues
during all our labor life, and also after its end.[4]
In our
essence there is an existential emptiness some kind of "a hole" in
which we suddenly lose reference points of habitual. In daily occurrence it is
expressed as some "lostness" and lack of
satisfaction with the present. This emptiness arises because of permanent
change both in our own personality, and in the world around us.
There is a
reconsideration process, the person feels the need of changes, and, therefore,
looks for an opportunity to change actual being. This changes are carried out
only through choice commission. The choice’s basis for person in this moment
can be a complex of norms, values and ways of existence in society, which was
received as a result of socialization. [5]
Also, the qualia can form not less significant basis, phenomenal
experiences only individual, that is its subjectivity. [6]
So, making
existential choice of profession at each stage of personal development, the
person is under pressure of public installations, concerning result of
professional self-determination in most cases without having an opportunity to
make the choice proceeding only from the subjective bases. However, if to present
a situation at which each of us makes choice of profession only proceeding from
the subjective desires which are not in connection with public we will receive
a picture of dissociation of the personality and society, and loss of the
general bases of life.
Thus,
considering existential choice of profession, we note this contradiction as the
main point of experts application's efforts of the humanitarian specialties
called above. Because, domination of a social course at the choice of
profession, and the preference of the subjective bases of such choice gives
essential distortion in this or that party.
It should
be noted, there are we observe private manifestation of main contradiction in
social philosophy – interaction between personality and society. The representative
of Russian existentialism Berdyaev wrote about it: «there is no unity and
identity internal and external, subjective and objective, and tragic
discrepancy and the conflicts.» [7, p. 35]
Efforts are
necessary on mitigation of this contradiction and finding of compromise
combinations of the subjective and society bases in the course of professional
self-determination.
Referenses:
1. Rean, A. A. Psikhologiia
lichnosti SPb.: Izdatel'skii dom «Piter», 2016-288 s.
2. Sartr Zh.-P. Chelovek v osade - M.: Vagrius, 2006.-320s.
3. Zhiginas, N. V., Sukhacheva,
N.I. Ekzistentsial'nye krizisy
lichnosti, postanovka problemy // Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta ¹ 7
(148) / 2014
4. Zeer, E. F. Psikhologiia professii.-– M.: Akademicheskii
proekt; Fond «Mir», 2005.-336 s.
5. Berger P., Lukman T. Sotsial'noe
konstruirovanie real'nosti. Traktat po sotsiologii znaniia. — M.:
Medium, 1995. — 323 s.
6. Dubrovskii D.I. Vospriiatie
kak fenomen sub"ektivnoi real'nosti.// Epistemologiia i filosofiia nauki ¹1 M.: 2006g.
7. Berdiaev, N. A. Tsarstvo
dukha i tsarstvo
kesaria, M.: Respublika,
1995-383s.