UDC 636.1.082.12
HERITABILITY OF DISTANCING MEASUREMENTS IN THOROUGHBRED HORSES
Lutsenko M. V.
Kharkiv State
Zooveterinary Academy, Kharkiv
The object of research
and relevance. Investigations have been carried out on the best stud
thoroughbred stallions, on their parents, sibses and descendants.
Thoroughbred horse is the most ancient of horse`s breed, which was created especially for races. The main work
merits of this breed are speed and distancebility [2]. All races by distance are divided to: sprinter`s with distance from 1000 to 1400 m,
mayler`s with distance from 1600 to 1800 m and
stayer`s - above 2800 m. Horses are divided to sprinters, maylers and stayers by the
success, which they show on different distances.
Research methods. Distancing
measurements of thoroughbred horses have been determined on the basis of each horse average distance index of victory by findings
of the II volume of stud stallions, which are accepted to the tribal use
catalogue [1].
Research
results. In races on sprinter`s distances horse at first shows its speeding
measurements, when average and especially long distances demand equal combination
of speed and stamina. Display of sprinter`s or stayer`s measurements in horses is
determined by prevalence of white or red muscle fibers in their organisms [4].
Muscle bulk of two
types balance is inborn and permanent during all life. Hence some animals have inborn
disposition to stayer`s muscle loads and others – to sprinter`s loads [3].
Data of stud thoroughbred stallions distancing
measurements and of
their parents, sibses and descendants distancing measurements are given in tables 1
and 2.
Table 1. Heritability of distancing measurements in stayers.
|
Name |
Gimn, st. (n=11) |
Grom, st. (n=12) |
||||||||||||
|
Descendants |
spr. 3 |
st. 3 |
mr. 5 |
spr. 3 |
st. 6 |
mr. 3 |
||||||||
|
Parents |
F Maykop, mr. (n=10) |
Ì Granga, mr. (n=4) |
F Maykop, mr. (n=10) |
Ì Gida, mr. (n=8) |
||||||||||
|
Sibses |
spr. - |
st. 3 |
mr. 7 |
spr. - |
st. 2 |
mr. 2 |
spr. - |
st. 3 |
mr. 7 |
spr. 3 |
st. 1 |
mr. 4 |
||
Table 2. Heritability of distancing measurements in sprinters and maylers.
|
Name |
Avral,
spr. (n=24) |
Mars, mr. (n=11) |
|||||||||||||
|
Descendants |
spr. 9 |
st. 13 |
mr. 2 |
spr. 1 |
st. 5 |
mr. 5 |
|||||||||
|
Parents |
F Whitstead, st. (n=33) |
Ì Amfira, mr. (n=7) |
F Mavr, st. (n=10) |
Ì Rimlianka, spr. (n=3) |
|||||||||||
|
Sibses |
spr. 6 |
st. 18 |
mr.9 |
spr. 1 |
st. 4 |
mr. 2 |
spr. 1 |
st. 2 |
mr. 7 |
spr. 1 |
st. - |
mr. 2 |
|||
Comment:
spr. – sprinter
st. – stayer
mr. – mayler
By tables` data stallions and mares with sprinter`s
measurements give descendants-sprinters 37,1%, stayers - 48,1%, maylers – 14,8%. Stallions
and mares with stayer`s measurements give 43,9% descendants with stayer`s
measurements, 36,4% maylers, sprinters
– only 19,7%. Stallions and mares with mayler`s measurements give 54% maylers,
36% stayers, sprinters – 10%.
Conclusions
As a result of distancing measurements heritability in
thoroughbred horses analysis had been adjudge that stayer`s and mayler`s measurements
are inherited the best of all from parents to descendants. Whilst sprinter`s
measurements are inherited by descendants only in 37,1% cases.
Literature
1. Katalog
zherebc³v-pl³dnik³v dopuschenih do plem³nnogo vikoristannya ²² tom / Verbic'kij
P. ²., B³lous O. V., Nov³kov O. O., Volkov D.A., Tkachova ². V. ta ³n. - ²T UAAN. - K., 2008. - 159 s.
2. Laskov A. A. Trening i ispytaniya
skakovyh loshadej.- M.: Kolos, 1982.- 221 s.
3. P`ern `E. M. Geneticheskie osnovy
sovershenstvovaniya chistokrovnoj verhovoj porody / Sb. trudov VNII
Konevodstva: Sovershenstvovanie zavodskih porod loshadej. T.XXXI.- M., 1978.- S. 126-170.
4. Sergienko S.S. Nauchnye osnovy trenirovki
loshadej / S.Sergienko //Konevodstvo i konnyj sport, 2005. - ¹ 3. - S. 2 - 3.