*112644*
Bystrova Yu.,
Ph.D., associate professor,
the Chief of Department of
Correctional
Pedagogy and Psychological Correction
Lugansk Taras
Shevchenko National University
PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL SUPPORT OF
INTEGRATED EDUCATION OF PERSONS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS IN THE
INSTITUTIONS FOR HIGH EDUCATION
The modern policy of the Ukrainian state in the field of Correctional and
Rehabilitation Education aimed at implementing the principles of humanism,
morality, the priority of general human rights and liberties, individual
personal approach to people with violations of psychophysical development. The
exceptional importance of this issue is professional orientation of training of
persons with psychophysical disabilities and their integration into society.
Integrated education of persons with psychophysical disorders in the
universities, which is now widely implemented in Ukraine is largely spontaneous
in its nature and requires the development of scientific and theoretical
foundations of its components, including psychological and educational support,
which is a condition for the success of the integration process and in the
future and then the work socialization of the persons with disabilities.
Foreign and domestic scientists who studied the problem of integration and
socialization of people with violations of psychophysical development into
society (V. Bondar, V. Zasenko, A. Kolupaeva, I. Mamaychuk, M. Malofeev, V .
Sinev, V. Tarasun, E. Hokhlina, A. Shevtsov, L. Shypitsyna and others)
emphasize the importance of psychological and educational support and timely
provision of the correctional and rehabilitation assistance to persons with
disabilities. Because the availability of legal support of education of people
with disabilities in higher education institutions do not guarantee their
quality of social and psychological adaptation in student groups and,
consequently, reduces the level of professional socialization.
In modern science there are relatively few independent studies of employment
socialization of persons with disabilities (G. Mersiyanova, E. Hokhlina and
others). Problems of psychological, social and professional adaptation was the
subject of the investigations of S. Artemova, O. Moroz, I. Sokolova and others.
Current problems of education and vocational rehabilitation of people with
disabilities are investigated by Yu. Bachynska, A. Kazanovsky, V. Lyashenko, V.
Plohiy, A. Shevtsov and others.
However, the specific research on psychological and educational provision
of integrated education and vocational and employment socialization of the
students with disabilities at all stages of learning practically was not
conducted. System consideration the psychological support of socialization in
different educational institutions and their interaction is not carried out.
The above-mentioned points were the reasons for the choice of the subject of
the investigation, namely, the continuous integrated system of psychological
and educational providing of integrated training and, consequently, vocational
and work-socialization of persons with violations of psychophysical development
at all stages of study in high school.
The object of the research is the integrated education and vocational and
work-socialization of persons with psychological and physical disabilities.
The subject of the research is the organization and the content of
psychological and pedagogical provision of professional socialization of
persons with psychological and physical disabilities.
The purpose of research is the theoretical justification of the concept,
content and methods of psychological and educational providing of integrated
vocational and continuing employment of persons with disabilities.
The hypothesis of the study is the process of vocational and work-socialization
of persons with disabilities flows originally, with significant complications,
caused by a number of socio-psychological factors, and the defect structure
associated with possessing by the future students of the complex of special
skills. The use of psychological support during the teaching process helps to
optimize the course of socialization, improve training and mastering concerning
to their future profession.
Lugansk Taras Shevchenko National University takes part in the experiment
on the organization of integrated education of persons with special educational
needs in higher educational institutions of III-IV level of accreditation. At
the present time in Lugansk Taras Shevchenko National University study over 300
students with special educational needs. In the 2011-2012 academic year, the
number of students who have special educational needs, increased by 246
persons.
The main purpose of providing psychological and pedagogical education in
Lugansk Taras Shevchenko National University is to improve the quality and
ensure availability of services aimed at preserving and strengthening of the
health, increase adaptive capacity, creating conditions for complete and
harmonious development, strengthening of the educational component of the
education system.
In Lugansk Taras Shevchenko National University in 2001 there is the Department
of the Correctional Education and Psychological Correction, where there is the
psychological consulting service which based on the voluntary work. Its
creation helps for growing number of children with disabilities in the
development for a comprehensive support of disabled children and their
families. In the framework of this service there are organized as follows:
- Training workshops for teachers of correctional education;
- Annual meeting of experts in
psychology and special education in Lugansk region;
- Psychological support of
families who have children with disabilities in development;
- Providing psychological counseling to resolve the identified psychological
problems;
- Psychiatric diagnostic of students with special educational needs for
identify and resolve problems that arise in the process of their integration
into the educational environment;
- Special psycho correctional programs (training) with the formation of
interpersonal communication, prevention and corrections of behavior of persons
with special educational needs;
- Psychological support of the disabled persons, their education,
development and implementation of individually oriented programs of
correctional and educational assistance.
Current tendencies in the development of education form the general
direction of activities of Psychological Advisory Service, which assists in
solving educational problems and educational and professional flexibility of
youth, a willingness to personal, professional choice, a social competence as
the effective socialization of young people.
An important task of the activity of Psychological Advisory Service is to
provide the support of the people with special educational needs, protection of
mental and social health of young people at all levels of their education.
The next 2009-2010 academic year, LNU will study groups of disabled
persons with sensory disorders. For realize this aim, upon the bases of educational
and rehabilitation centers in Lugansk
region the special classes for academic subjects are created, which ones
will be studied in high school. Pupils which are graduated from these
specialized classes out of competition join LNU.
Chair of Correctional Pedagogy and Psychological Correction created the model of the system of support of students
with sensory disorders in terms of specialized training classes and
rehabilitation centers, and in the future – in universities. In the development
of educational support of people with sensory disorders included the features
of psychophysical development and identified in the pilot study, the
difficulties and the factors that complicate the process of acquiring their
professional knowledge, participation in public life, their development.
Support of such students are in individual form, aims to choose goals and
strategies for achieving results and adaptation associated with diagnostics
levels formed adaptive skills and updating skills of students in achieving the
goal of adaptation.
In the first phase were diagnosis of difficulties and content of
socio-psychological adaptation. The second one is defined types of support:
1. Psychological type is the formation and development of communication and
interpersonal relationships (consulting, training support).
2. Pedagogical type is the formation of adaptive teaching and household
skills (adaptation of teaching methods in universities).
3. Social type means the attracting volunteers, attracting for public and
cultural work, assistance in improving the physical level (funds of social
protection).
4. Technical type means the training on your PC (providing electronic
versions of textbooks, audio books).
5. Educational support of the teaching staff - the rules of cooperation
with individuals who have sensory violation acquaintance with special training
(the development of guidance).
Based on the above in the experiment, the following tasks:
1. Raising the qualification of teaching staff about the assimilation of
the basic principles of cooperation with individuals who have special
educational needs. Such training is conducted systematically, in the form of
lectures, seminars, and training sessions to reach the largest possible number
of teachers to tutor the student groups and sections of students and university
employees who are working with the defined categories of students. Chair of
Correctional Pedagogy and Psychological Correction Lugansk Taras Shevchenko
National University prepared training courses and practical recommendations for
integrating students with disabilities (according to their nosology) and adapt
them to study in universities.
2. The use of special methods and educational technology: ECTS and
Cooperative System. Organization of teaching of students with sensory disorders
based on ECTS technology as a sequence of actions: introduction to the general
module, knowledge of specific modules of content and effective plans, search
the relevant information sources, the study of sources, the self-interview with
the teacher, fixing results in teaching and registration documents. Methods of
mutual collaboration as technology of education are sequential three
situations: the situation of self-training of students to assimilate the topic
and deal with the problem, the Group (cooperative) activities extend to discuss
the issues and summing up the situation and assess the level of assimilation
problems.
3. Development and implementation of Pre-University period on the basis of
special training classes and rehabilitation centers of special education
programs that include a particular young people are addressed, and specific
training in high school.
4. Psychological testing of disabled students with sensory disorders to
identify the level of their communication skills, sociometrical status, anxiety
levels, facilities for communication with students without violations,
self-motivation and learning in universities; advisory support of such students
and job training classes to overcome conflicts, formation of joint activities,
development of interpersonal relationships.
The study is part of the specified topic and not exhausted all aspects of
the problem. In the future we will work on improving the technology of the
sequence of psychological and educational support during the vocational and
employment socialization of persons with special educational needs, training of
scientific and pedagogical staff of the university to promote the effectiveness
of rehabilitation of disabled persons with sensory disorders in groups of integrated
type. The final purpose of research is the creation and innovation system of
psychological-pedagogical provision of vocational and work-socialization of
persons with disabilities during the period of entry to secondary special
educational institutions before the end of training in college or high school.
Information about the author:
Bystrova Yulia – Ph.D., associate
professor, Chief of the Department of Correctional Pedagogy and Psychological
Correction in Lugansk Taras Shevchenko National University.
8 (0642) 429472 –
home phone.
8-066-774-28-03 – mob. phone.
Lugansk 91004 Ostraya Mogila str., 158, Apt. 135.