Экономические науки/1. Банки и банковская система
Master of 1 course
of the Institute of World Economy and Finance
Bokova Natalia
Volgograd State University, Russia
The problem of unemployment in Russia in 2015
Since the changes of
modern political picture of the world, the question of unemployment has become
one of the important, not only in our country but throughout the world.
Therefore, the study of this indicator as a macroeconomic phenomenon in order
to identify its causes and take effective measures to reduce it, the most
important at the moment.
If you rely on the
message the Ministry of Labour, we can say that the figures the number of
registered unemployed exceeded their value more than twice a year. In the case
of a sharp rise in this indicator, the consequences will be devastating.
Therefore, the government is interested in reducing the unemployment rate and
maintaining it at a stable low level.
For each country
there to minimize the level of unemployment measures: creation of additional
jobs in the public sector, the establishment of public services and
institutions for retraining and retraining, assistance to small and
medium-sized businesses, etc. We can not and does not take into account the
fact that a lot of it is important to pay attention to all regions of the
country. In this case, no detailed investigation and resolution unemployment at
a lower level may not improve the overall situation.
Like many
macroeconomic indicators, unemployment - is a complex phenomenon in the state
economy. This is due to the fact that its dynamics can be affected by several
factors. At the moment, the following types of unemployment: frictional,
structural, cyclical. We consider these in more detail.
Frictional
unemployment is often characterized as a brief. This is due to the fact that it
arises as a result of changing the workplace on their own, the loss of seasonal
work or due to dismissal, and so on.
Structural
unemployment is more complex. In the case of lack of demand for workers has
arisen sharply in some sub-sectors. Sometimes possible withdrawal from the
economy of entire industries and enterprises. To solve the problems associated
with a sharp increase in the number of unemployed, requires a set of measures
designed by the state, and directly the social protection of people faced with
such a situation.
As for cyclical
unemployment, it is a consequence of the downturn in the economy. This fact
affects a significant increase in unemployment. In special cases, the level of
this indicator may reach 8-10%. The state in this situation it is necessary to
ensure the adoption and implementation of employment programs.
Following the above
information, we can conclude that in practice it is impossible to
"split" unemployment and solve problems in isolation, because it can
be caused by various factors, which determines the need for a comprehensive
definition of the action by the state.
A very important
quality work employment centers of each of the areas of the state. Their
competent work-a pledge to reduce unemployment to normal levels. Due to the
employment centers, thousands of unemployed people find jobs, learn new skills.
Today, unemployment
remains one of the major problems of employment among the economically active
population. Let us analyze this fact in the example of the Russian employment
in 2015.
Federal State
Statistics Service has provided these data to July 2015: "The number of
economically active population aged 15-72 years (employed + unemployed) in July
2015 was 77.2 million people, or 53% of the total population. The number of
economically active population of 73.1 million people were classified as
engaged in an economic activity and 4.1 million people - unemployed with ILO
criteria (ie, had no job or gainful employment, looking for work and were ready
to start surveyed in week). "[3]
Compared to June
2015, c. the number of employed people in July 2015. It increased by 746
thousand. people that amounted to 1.0%. the number of unemployed - fell by 22
thousand people, that percentage is 0.5%. In general, you must take a number of
measures aimed at helping young people in choosing the direction of their
future profession, as well as the need to update the programs for university
students, to be able to produce sought-after in the labor market of people. Also
quite a few important factor is, and the reluctance of employers to take people
without experience. In this case requires systematic work and the employer, and
employment center.
Примечание
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РГНФ и
Администрации Волгоградской области в рамках научно-исследовательского проекта
№ 16-12-34020 «Формирование и регулирование рынка трудовых ресурсов
Волгоградской области в условиях функционирования Евразийского экономического
союза»
Bibliography
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2. Bokova N.A., Likhomanov O.V. /Statistical analysis
of the views of the public about the effects of the activities of external
labor migrants in the Volgograd Region / NA Bokova, Likhomanov OV .//
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