Экономические науки/1. Банки и банковская система

Master of 1 course of the Institute of World Economy and Finance

Bokova Natalia

Volgograd State University, Russia

Human resource management as an enterprise development factor

The history of the development of human resources management thing of the past. "For the first representatives of the human race united in tribal communities, daily solve problems using their own very limited physical and intellectual resources, faced with the issues of division of labor, work motivation and discipline.

In the Middle Ages, most organizations for many years and even centuries of labor used a very small number of people (perhaps the only exception was the army), performing the same operation. HR management is one of the activities of the head of the organization, often the owner, takes a decision in respect of its employees on the basis of common sense and experience. Despite the outward plainness of this activity the era of the Middle Ages gives interesting examples of professional career planning and development (Western shop with an elaborate internal hierarchy and the criteria for promotion within the hierarchy), stimulation of labor (first plans employee profit-sharing), vocational training (craft school , apprenticeships).

The industrial revolution of the XIX century radically changed the nature of the economic organizations - to replace the workshops came to the factory, to work together using a large number of people.

Kibanov AY, Fedorova NV in their research showed "the formation of the science of management personnel began with the formation of the theory of management as a science, what happened over a hundred years ago, in the early period of the Industrial Revolution. Then the management of the organization and management of the personnel did not differ. Moreover, key scientific issues on the management attitude to personnel management. In other words, the theory and practice of human resource management were the basis of management as a science.

At the present time research area "Human Resources" is formed at the intersection of science: theory of organization and management, psychology, sociology, ethics, labor economics, labor law, and a number of others. Due to the fact that the theory of human resource management (human resources) developed together with various management schools, the latter have left their mark on the name of the first. For more than a century (the period of the industrial revolution) human role in the organization changed significantly, so developed, refined, and human resource management theory.

Currently, there are three groups of theories: the classical theory, the theory of human relations and human resources theory.

Prominent representatives of the classical theories - F. Taylor, A. Fayolle, G. Emerson, L. Urwick, M. Weber, G. Ford, AK Gastev, PM Kerzhentsev et al.

The representatives of the theory of human relations are: E. Mayo, K. Ardzheris, Likart R., R. Blake and others.

The authors of the human resource theories are Maslow and F. Herzberg, D. McGregor et al.

The whole history of human resource management as a branch of science was the basis for the formation of management science, and was seen as a way to establish the independent status of this scientific direction. To get acquainted with the history of personnel management started in 1900 when, according to the researchers, it began specializing in this area of human activity. Until that time, the HR function was the prerogative of the head, which is usually up to 80% of their working time spent on managing employees.

For a more accurate consideration of management staff, you need to consider in more detail the concept of "staff", "workers", "employees", etc., which are well described in the writings of Banko NA, Kartashov BA, Yashin NS . "The term" personnel "integrates components of the labor collective of the enterprise. By staff we include all employees (labor collective) performing manufacturing operations or management and labor engaged in the processing of objects with the use of work equipment. The concept of "footage", "workers", "staff" are identical, if taken as a basis for our definition.

Further technological developments in the labor market will lead to the development and improvement of the staff of organizations in the future.

Примечание

Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РГНФ и Администрации Волгоградской области в рамках научно-исследовательского проекта № 16-12-34020 «Формирование и регулирование рынка трудовых ресурсов Волгоградской области в условиях функционирования Евразийского экономического союза»

Bibliography

1.             1. Gorshkova N.V., Lebedeva N.N. /Interaction of the state and society in the system of tax relations in the Russian Federation//. Gorshkova N.V., Lebedeva N.N. Bulletin of Volgograd State University. Series 3. Economics. Ecology, 2014, № 2 (21), s.245-251

2. Bokova N.A., Likhomanov O.V. /Statistical analysis of the views of the public about the effects of the activities of external labor migrants in the Volgograd Region / NA Bokova, Likhomanov OV .// Collection: Right, and the problem of the functioning of a modern state sourcebook 11 th international scientific. -prakt. Conf. Makhachkala, 2014. S. 80 -81.