Технические науки/6. Электротехника и радиоэлектроника

Candidate of Science Sergey Dozorov

JSC “Gazprom Transgaz St. Petersburg” Engineering and technical center

Electromagnetic processes in current sources at a charge of accumulator batteries

Accumulator batteries find wide appliance in many industries: at power plants and substations, in radiotelephone communication, in uninterruptible power supplies, etc. In this regard there is a need for creation of the chargers are capable for the optimum mode to provide the level of charging current and necessary tension of a charge.

In modern practice in most cases as the chargers are used the operated rectifiers the difficult control system with feedback. Failure of this control system involves full not operability of the charger in general and the subsequent expensive repair. Operated the rectifier have negative impact on a power line and are the reasons of emergence of harmonicas in a network.

Application as chargers of the current sources executed on the basis of inductance and capacity transformers (ICT) and transformer and capacity transformers (TCT) will allow to avoid many negative consequences, as when using of the operated rectifiers [1]. In ICT and TCT there is no difficult control system. Output current of a battery charge when ICT and TCT are used is invariable and does not depend on loading resistance.

Single-phase ICT can successfully be applied at charging and recharge of accumulator batteries (ACB) in systems of uninterrupted food of powerful gas-distributing stations and on other similar objects where criterion of reliability prevail over other criteria [2, 3].

Modeling of electromagnetic processes was made with use of software of Micro-Cap 9 [4].

On drawing 1 the schemes of the studied current sources at a charge of ACB are submitted.

a) P-shaped ICT

b) TCT

c) T-shaped ICT

Drawing 1. Schemes of the studied current sources

We will take the batteries used on objects of gas-compressor stations of JSC “Gazprom” for a prototype of the accumulator battery. In the majority of gas-compressor stations are used the accumulators of type 4OPzS produced by “VARTA” firm with a capacity of 200 / h. The accumulator batteries are mounted two in a parallel, each battery totals 104-106 elements. For an example we will consider the accumulator battery which includes 104 elements with a capacity of 200 A/h. According to the passport on the accumulators of type 4OPzS by “VARTA” tension of a constant subcharge has to be 2,23B on an element. Total tension is . The recommended current of a charge is equal 1/10 from the battery capacity that is equal to 20A.

At such loading representing balance, in all schemes, except P-shaped, the form of the current consumed from a network differs from sinusoidal (see the drawing 2).

Drawing 2. - Temporary dependences of tension and currents on ICT entrance at loading in a look balance

From drawing 2 it is visible that the form of entrance currents and tension of TCT and T-shaped ICT completely coincide.

The harmonious structure of network currents of ICT is given on drawing 3. From drawing it is visible that all three schemes (except P-shaped) have 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th harmonicas, and the P-shaped has only the 1st and the 3rd harmonica, insignificant in size.

Drawing 3. - Harmonious structure of network currents.

P-shaped ICT on harmonious structure of entrance current significantly differs from other schemes ICT and TCT, but possesses significantly big mass-dimensional indicators than other sources of current. Entrance characteristics of TCT and T-shaped ICT are identical, but TCT has significantly less mass-dimensional indicators.

Literature:

1. Патент - 77517 РФ, МПК Н02М 5/06. Индуктивно-емкостный преобразователь. / С.А. Дозоров, В.М. Опре, И.В. Саенко, А.А. Новик, П.А. Кошелев, С.В. Парамонов; CПбГЭТУ «ЛЭТИ» - №2008118172/22; Заяв. 06.05.2008; Опубл. 20.10.2008., Бюл. № 29.

2. Дозоров С.А., Опре В.М. Сравнительный анализ электромагнитных процессов в однофазных индуктивно-емкостных преобразователях. – Силовая электроника, 2013, №3.

3. Дозоров С.А., Опре В.М., Кошелев П.А. Электромагнитные процессы в трансформаторно-емкостных источниках неизменного тока. – Силовая электроника, 2014, №2.

4. Амелина М.А., Амелин С.А. Программа схемотехнического моделирования Micro-Cap 8 / М.А.Амелина, С.А.Амелин // М.:Горячая линия-Телеком, 2007. - 464 с.