Oleh V. Moroz,
Ludmila Y. Shveikina, Natalia I. Ganzienko
Vinnytsia National
Technical University
THE MODELS OF ECONOMIC BEHAVIOUR OF
DAIRY PROCESSING ENTERPRISES
Domestic enterprises operate in
dynamic, volatile, and highly competitive environment on the modern stage of
market relations. The significant increasing of representative's organization efficient
operating as the main object of social and economic relations is regarded as the most typical tendencies in the global
and domestic economy.
However, a number of factors
determining such efficiency is constantly increasing.
At the same time the process of such factors’ influence
determination becomes more complicated as well as possibility of positive
substantiation.
The category “behavior of an
enterprise” is considered according to the separate methodological approaches
formed in modern economic theory. The recent scientific works include studies of such national economists as
G. Kaplenko, V. Voitko, N. Karachyna, A. Nalyvayko, N. Shibaeva, etc.
It should be mentioned that the base of the category “behavior of
an enterprise” is somewhat related to the category of “strategy”. The meaning of the category “economic behaviour of an enterprise” is caused by the fact that the
model of behaviour determines potential opportunities
for the range of strategic alternatives forming and essentially determines the
choice of a single one (or a limited quantity) when any conditionsm change. The strategy is a logical expression of the model of
behaviour. Consequently the
category “behavior of an enterprise” covers a broader conceptual substance,
including, for example, the issues of consistencies with tactical activity of the
enterprise, in other words, the strategy of the enterprise is the real
consistency of the particular type of enterprise's
behaviour. [1].
The model of behavior as a
universal category is a specific sequence of actions of economic agent that
are forecasted to the sufficient degree of probability that is determined by the regularities of system
relations of causal content. The model of enterprise's (company) behaviour is the actions of the organization in response to
signals of social, economic and political "scenery" that are forecasted and caused by the complex system
of interactions between meaningful factors of internal subsystems and
environment.
The most reasonable models of
the economic behavior of the enterprises were suggested by G. Kaplenko, T. Dolhopyatova and N. Karachyna.
G. Kaplenko [2, p. 11] suggested separating the following three models of the economic behaviour of companies in the context of sampling analysis of economic agents' behaviour, rates and mechanisms of
adaptation to market conditions such as destructive,
constructive, and mixed. The suggested models are
described by the cumulative action and measures related to the searching,
creation, preservation, expansion and using of the spheres of focus, and
relevant sources of profit earning and distribution, or vice versa - limiting and curtailment of activity in the market.
Sound applied researches based
on empirical data from 1990 till 1999 were realized by T. Dolhopyatova [3]. The author
identified three models of behaviour of the companies such as the model close to the
pre-reformed, market and mixed
models. However, such classification is not able fully to describe all
peculiarities of the models of economic behaviour of the enterprises in various branches of industry at this stage of economic development. The suggested approach provides an
opportunity to summarize all the diversity of phenomena and processes only in
terms of transformation of the economic system from administrative planning to
the market one.
In our opinion, the most
successful classification of the economic behaviour of the domestic industry was suggested by N. Karachyna [4, p. 161].
This classification was based on real processes and analysis of the chosen
direction of company's activity that caused the indentation of the following models: the model of production
behaviour, the model of mixed behaviour and the model of rent-seeking behaviour.
However, the existing classifications of behaviour models of the enterprises are not able to fully
describe the most important aspects of the modern tendencies of development at
the diary processing enterprises.
Taking into consideration the
specificity of the dairy industry, preferring the peculiarities of the
production development of the research subjects, and taking into consideration
the dominance of the survival factor and adaptive component of their activities
there were identified three main types of the models of economic behaviour of the dairy processing enterprises. There are such models as:
7
the model of production behaviour;
8
the model of "raw
appendage" behaviour;
9
the model of mixed behaviour.
The model of production behavior
is the model characterized by constant direction of the dairy processing
enterprise to production activity with full production cycle and, consequently,
to production of finished dairy products. The products of such enterprises are
sold in one or preferably several brands which have good reputation among
consumers and are well known in the market.
The model of "raw
appendage" behavior is characterized by the complete absence of the
production process. Such enterprises do not manufacture finished commodities
for final consumption. This model is mainly characterized by pessimistic,
non-market, non-strategic and financial direction of the enterprise activity.
The model of mixed behaviour is characterized by the efforts of enterprise to keep full production cycle. However,
such enterprises have to sell the share of the stored raw milk to the enterprises with the model of production behaviour to survive and keep their primary sector due to the
deficit of product markets and mostly low technological equipment.
Consequently to sum up the
premises we can make the following conclusions:
- the comprehension of the
development regularity of the domestic enterprises can be based on using the
category "behaviour of an enterprise". This category is one of the
key categories for the description and explanation of enterprises’ activity
under present-day conditions;
- the production development as
the only reliable base of their strategic
development must be of primary importance for industrial enterprises,
which include diary processing enterprises;
- taking into consideration the
specificity of the dairy industry, preferring the peculiarities of their
production development, we can distinguish
between three main behaviour models: the model of production behaviour; the model of "raw appendage" behaviour; the model of mixed behaviour;
- separation of the models of economic behaviour of enterprises is the basis for efficient management system's
forming under deepening market relations.
References:
1.
Karachyna, N., Ganzienko, N. (2008). Peculiarities and Regularities
of Ukrainian Enterprises’ Behaviour in the Growing Influence of Market Relations.
Economy: Problems of theory and practice. Dnepropetrovsk National University,
2008, ¹ 5, pp. 1126-1132.
2.
Kaplenko, G. (2000). Motivation of Entrepreneurship and its
Economic Behaviour. Social and Economic Researches in Transition. Economic Issues of
Production Development and Innovation, 2000, ¹ XIX, pp. 285-292.
3. Dolhopyatova, T. (1996). The Transition Behaviour Model of Russian Industrial Enterprises. Economic matters, 1996, ¹ 11, pp. 9-15.
4. Karachyna, N.
(2010). Economic Behavior of Machine-Engineering Enterprises: Theory,
Methodology and Management Practice. Kiev. Vega.
416 p.