«Технические науки. Транспорт»

Pokrovskaya O. D.

Siberian state industrial university, Russia

TO THE QUESTION OF INFRASTRUCTURE PROBLEMS

COAL TRANSPORTATIONS

One of the perspective directions of Transport Strategy – 2030 – realization of transit potential of the international transport corridors passing through the territory and the water area of the Russian Federation, and also improvement of port reloading infrastructure. The largest and perspective by expert estimates coal terminals of Russia is: 1) in the Northwest direction of deliveries – Murmansk, Ust-Luga; 2) on East – Vanino port, the East port; 3) in Youzhny – Yeysk.

The main volume of transfer of export coal was carried out through the East ports (24,6% of total amount), Ust-Luga (18%), Vanino (15,1%). In world coal mining the share of Russia by different estimates makes about 14-15%.

The volume of the coal transported by railway transport, makes about 90%. The remained 10% are used or directly on a production place, or transported by other means of transport. Considering tendencies of increase in consumption of coal fuel, and also annual 15-20% a gain of volumes of export of the Russian coal, need of accurate, continuous work of transport for coal branch is a major factor for effective functioning of all transport system of the country.

High-quality growth of the market of transport and logistic services in coal transportations isn't promoted also by dissociation of the transport organizations. So, the Russian Railway and committee on motor transport of Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation are accepted by own independent programs of development of logistics. Tariffs for rail transportation and collecting in seaports aren't coordinated and unfairly overestimated. Prime cost onboard a vessel in sending ports is high also. In 2005 it made about $35 whereas the Australian producers have $20-22.

The problem of the Russian port capacities on coal isn't new. So, in 2002 about 13 million tons of the Russian coal were passed through the ports of Ukraine and the Baltic States. Ports and transport companies of these countries, using exclusive positions, impose to the Russian cargo owners the overestimated tariffs for the services.

There is a tendency of creation by the coal companies of own terminals. For transport and distributive logistics of the coal companies the reloading port capacities adequate to outputs, are simply necessary. Loading of these capacities will be steadily constant as it is provided with raw materials of own coal enterprises. For increase of profitability of export of coal, it is necessary to reduce the price of logistics and, as a result, to build the reloading terminal. For this reason the coal companies get own port capacities. Thus, it is in most cases simpler to construct the new terminal, in advance considering possibility of expansion of the railway front, than to invest money in modernization of existing capacities of outdated infrastructure.

Effect from implementation of the construction project of the coal terminal – multiplicative: it consists not only of return from activity of the stevedoring companies, but also from all subjects anyway connected with service of port, and also of the huge social potential of development of the region.

Building of new objects has to be to the coordinated and adequate requirements of the market. Objects thus put into operation have to be integrated into the Russian and international transport and logistic network.