Tassova M. - Student of 4th course
Scientific leader: associate professor Berdibayeva
A.K.
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
The problem of domestic and international experience in the implementation
of customs control linkage
Legislation and legal literature, the customs
legislation of the state, as well as in other countries in order to ensure
compliance with the laws and contracts carried out by the customs authorities
of the measures is seen as a set of “customs control” concept used and used [1,
6]. The operations of the various checks carried out by the customs authorities
designated in accordance with the laws and customs of the customs determines
compliance with the rules and procedures [2, 264]. Customs control is carried
out by various methods. It should provide for the implementation of the customs
control easier and more effective methods. To this end, the international
customs control methods will be able to increase the efficiency of customs
control through the use of domestic practice. Methods of conducting the kind of
important aspects of the customs control of foreign countries as follows.
Customs is one of the most important methods of
control over the visual method. This method of customs cargo and mechanical
effects, i.e., a stamp of cargo, is characterized by discretion without
breaking the seal.
Visual method of transport vehicles through the
customs border illegally substance legal entities, as well as, railway,
airport, port, storage of goods sent to the customs control and the presence of
a cargo container packaging and other entities in order to detect the passage
of any illegal substances [3, 213-214]. According to the international practice
of the method of the declarant and the carrier must ensure the participation
rights in compliance with the relevant customs authorities. Because the
declarant to the carrier and luggage by customs officers in order to avoid any
illegal actions in the supervision of the appropriate parties. And the customs
declarant and the carrier in accordance with the laws of the Republic of
Kazakhstan to participate in the application under consideration only in the
event that this form of participation.
The customs authorities in the course of the customs
control sufficient to maintain law and international legal acts of the Republic
of methods are used. Selected as one of the most effective methods of
examination. This is done in accordance with the customs declaration will be
faced with the seller of vehicles can be controlled. Accordingly, all
second-hand goods is not checked, only a small part of the party.
The International Convention on the Simplification and
Harmonization of Customs Clearance from 1973 [4, 345] custom inspection one of
the priorities in accordance with the relevant category of persons and goods
such checks and inspections, risk analysis method is used to determine the
means of transport, and it should be equal.
Favorite is the main feature of the new customs
inspection technologies and Total refusal of inspection, as well as to speed up
customs clearance. Control can be reduced by documents or oral form.
To ensure the rapid and effective implementation of
the customs clearance, it is necessary to conduct a preliminary risk analysis system.
Belgium and the Eurasian Economic Union, adopted on June 25, 2004 Memorandum of
Understanding between the World Customs Union [5] in accordance with the
principles of risk management and analysis system of automatic mode and one of
the items of supply data are preliminary exchange. Only the principle of the
exchange of documents on paper in advance not only the refusal of the system,
as well as a number of preliminary preparations for customs clearance and help
to reduce the time of pregnancy at the time of registration. This methodology
provided by the international practice the principle of automatic exchange of
data items of supply in the pre-national test method is used to reduce the
number of paper documents in the form of cash would reduce the time of customs
clearance. After all, most of the documents in our country may be issued only
on paper.
In accordance with the international standards
of the Kyoto Convention from 1999 [6], for the recognition of foreign documents
with the customs departments of customs control and customs clearance and
control should be an agreement on the development of information technology is
the most effective.
This act of international information technology and
risk management and analysis system based on the use of high speed up customs
clearance.
In the analysis of the international legal acts of the
most important aspects of a single economic zone draft agreement on the
organization of joint control of the EurAsEC member states [7] developed.
On joint customs control of goods and means of
transport for the exchange of information and open up the creation of a new
unified automated information system.
At the same time, in the implementation of the customs
control of radiation and X-ray inspection equipment and technical means of
control for use with the customs control area for the parking of vehicles at
the time of review. Joint technical work with the Member States as a result of
the customs inspection customs inspection conducted quickly and efficiently
through advanced technologies and their use in the form of control over the
country's achievements in other models.
In order to improve the efficiency of customs control
and funding to support the implementation of the requirements of the technical
aspects of "the Eurasian automated system" modernization program.
This program provides for the use of electronic circulation system in
accordance with international standards. The creation of electronic forms of
documents and conducted some of the customs procedures and customs procedures
easier and faster, and reduces the illegal actions.
In addition, the introduction of the automated system
of customs: the customs border of the Republic of Kazakhstan at any time to
obtain detailed information about the goods and transport vehicles, the exact
time of goods across the customs border of the Republic of Kazakhstan and its
control allows you to believe the testimony of possible violations of the laws
and customs.
The participants of the international system of
customs control TN, for transport to collect and report information on the
identification of a systematic plastic card.
Similarly, the fall in cash to the account of the
customs authorities and the payment of customs duties in connection with the
strengthening of control over the use of protected users a single electronic
information technology to improve the system of “Customs Card” project.
Therefore, in accordance with the customs control microprocessor card and
round-the-clock operations of the various participants in foreign economic
activity customs operations will allow for questions related information.
This should be brought into the international
community in the field of information exchange between Member States of the
World Trade Organization customs prepared. Goods and the exchange of
information about the flow of illegal vehicles will be operated by the customs
authorities of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Final basis for determining the
reduction of customs offenses and up-to-date information, including pictures of
their models and methods are given.
All information system in accordance with the
foregoing:
- And obtain the necessary information exchange;
- False in other goods declared under control;
- The fight against the use of double invoices;
- Combating customs clearance items of supply;
- Read the program includes the installation of the
software and versions.
Above all the beneficial aspects of information
systems, all the paper documents in the package, in this era of globalization,
efficient and safe, of course, to the e-mail with a copy of the documents in
electronic form.
And customs controls are effective instruments for
many European countries to provide up-to-date customs was to save money by
reducing the number of customs officials [8, 179]. This way the customs of the
servants of the most important group of employees with not only save money by
reducing the rest, up-to-date customs procedures for the purchase of technical
means of accelerating customs country should be given more attention.
The structure of the EurAsEC Customs Code of the more
important: the customs border control, the “snow box” product to control the
application of the principle of one-time rendering facilities is highlighted.
Let's dwell on this important technique. Measures to
check the seller in accordance with the customs border control method. This is
made after the release of "income" when you lose control of the
internal speed up the origin of the goods to the consumer.
Bring attention to the following elements of the
“black box” principle. This principle can be applied to the actual carrier
customs declarant control of an unknown type. In this case, the carrier will
not be able to hide undeclared goods and other customs offenses cannot do. In
the course of this declaration and release of goods in accordance with the
Regulations of the customs control in the reduction of working time of 1.5
hours.
Of the above-mentioned international documents in
accordance with the customs legislation provides for a one-time demonstration
of the product: the actual place where the right to define what is appropriate
and should be carried out in other customs procedure. For example, the Belgian
customs procedure of customs services of precious stones and diamonds only
made. International standards of animals and meat products, such as the product
do not perform any of the customs procedure of customs.
One of the most important evidence of compression of
customs procedures defined in the identification of vehicles through the screen.
In this regard, the pay of customs controls the following issues: border,
phytosanitary reducing the time for customs procedures, to reduce the costs for
the state border. In this case, the customs service provides control of the
fall in customs duties, customs control and economic organizations of the
member states of the Customs Union in the course of the guarantees of the
banks.
Analyzing more to improve the quality of customs
control will have to be divided into the following measures:
Customs warehouse, reducing the number of temporary
storage warehouse;
- To increase the improvement of the technical
requirements for warehouses;
- Inspection equipment, precision measuring
instruments, equipment;
- Good accounting system, computer equipment;
- In connection with the customs of the local
channels, a modem;
- Extension of the area of the
detachment.
Can be simplified regional transit system, and the
model can be used as the European Union customs transit system. National
transit system for transit and warranty experienced, with the support of
international organizations, media cooperation to develop an effective and
comprehensive system of reference. Each of these areas is intended to allow you
to use the entire shipping transit document.
The analysis of all of the above methods, know their
effective use, please contact the national practice in the field of customs
control of the country is expected to be a huge success.
References:
1. Gabrichidze B. N. Russian customs law. - M, 1997. –
511 pages.
2. Customs law. The textbook for higher education
institutions. / edition of B. N. Gabrichidze. - M.: BEK, 1995. – 480 pages.
3. Customs law. Textbook / edition A.F. Nozdrachev. -
M.: Jurist, 1998. – 576p.
4. International convention on simplification and
harmonization of customs procedures (Kyoto convention of 1973)//Belyashov V.A.
Customs encyclopedic reference book. In 2 volumes. T.1 / Under the editorship
of I.Yu. Krasnyansky. – Minsk: Inter-Daydzhest, 1998. – Page 345-349.
5. The memorandum of understanding between the
Euroasian economic community and World Customs Organization accepted in Belgium
on June 25, 2004//the Current archive of Committee of customs control of the
Ministry of Finance of RK for 2004.
6. The international convention on simplification and
harmonization of customs procedures of June 26, 1999 (the new version of the
Kyoto convention)//the Current archive of Committee of customs control of the
Ministry of Finance of RK for 1999.
7. The agreement on the organization of joint control
of member countries of EurAsEC (project)//the Current archive of Committee of
customs control of the Ministry of Finance of RK for 2003.
8. Yershov A.D. International customs relations:
Manual. – SPb.: Knowledge, 2000. – 207 pages.