Nazarbekoba Z.M.

A. Baitursynov Kostanai State University, Kazakhstan

The structure of civil society

Civil society is the natural foundation of the political system of society.

The concept of "civil society" is used in the broad and narrow sense. In a broad sense, civil society includes all the social structures and relations that are not regulated by the state

In a narrow sense, civil society is a society at a certain stage of historical development, when it serves as socio - economic basis of a democratic and legal state. Modern understanding of civil society in political science comes mainly from the narrow sense of the concept.

Civil society is social, economic and cultural space, where is the interaction of free individuals, realizing private interests and making individual choices.

Civil society and the state interact with each other. It is impossible to build a democratic state without a mature civil society, because only conscious free citizens are capable of rational organization of human society. Thus, if the civil society advocates strong mediating link between the individual and the free will of the central government, the State intended to counteract the disintegration, chaos, crisis, decline through the creation of conditions for the realization of the rights and freedoms of the autonomous individual.

In modern political science interpretation, modern civil society is seen as a complex multi-level system of powerless connections and relationships. Civil society includes the entire set of interpersonal relationships that are developing outside and without government interference, as well as an extensive system of public institutions that are independent of the state, implementing daily individual and collective needs. Interpersonal relationships can be divided into three levels:

1. The relations of production, satisfying basic human needs for food, clothing, housing, etc. They are implemented through public institutions such as professional, consumer and other unions and associations.

2. The complex of socio-cultural relations, satisfying the need for procreation, health, parenting, spiritual development and faith, communication, information, etc. They take place in the framework of institutions such as family, church, creative unions, educational and scientific institutions, sport’s associations.

3. The need for political participation, representing the highest third level of interpersonal relations. This layer forms specific political position on certain political issues at the individual. Political preferences of groups and individuals are realized by interest of groups, political parties, social - political movements.

Thus, the all everyday individual and collective needs are implemented by public institutions of civil society, that are a tool for building a democratic society.

Associations is political parties, trade unions and other associations of citizens that were established on a voluntary basis in order to achieve their common goals and not inconsistent with law. Public associations are non-profit organizations.

Social and social-political movements and organizations emerge on the basis of social and group interests, under the conditions of development of self-awareness of various social groups

In the complex, difficult times, people are soaked by ideological contradictions are grouped into protest movements and organizations in the beginning. Then, there are start to appear popular fronts, unions, mass movements. Further, movements and organizations are formed both outside and within the political system integrate

One of the important tasks in the process of building a democratic state of law is the development of independent, sustainable, enjoying popular support of civil society institutions.

Modern civil society in developed countries consists of many independently operating groups of people with different focus

The developed system of non-governmental organizations provides a balance of interests in society. As they strengthen, they become an essential tool of social control over the activities of government agencies. This tool does not only express but also shape public opinion and consciousness. They contribute to the development of civil society as a whole, including its institutions, such as non-governmental organizations.

Public organizations tied to a specific social environment and are focused on intra-interests means the implementation of which may be mutual aid, solidarity, exchange of services

Another group of associations expresses no intra but the wider public interest. As a rule, they are included in the category of "non-governmental organizations" (NGOs).

Non-governmental organization (NGO) is any non-profit voluntary union of citizens, organized at the local, national or international level. Non-governmental organizations solve a variety of tasks and perform many human functions. NGOs are voluntary organizations are not part of the state apparatus, without a membership structure and provides charitable, financial and technical assistance to the poor or community groups that are involved in a wide range of development issues, environmental protection and human rights.

NGOs are clearly regulated in the structure of civil society: they are seen as institutions, the scope and direction of which are limited by social parameters.

NGOs are engaged in solving social problems, evolve in social development of the society.

In the international arena, the importance and role of NGOs is growing in the protection of human rights and freedoms, in humanitarian activities at national, regional and international levels, and there is a need for cooperation of government with public associations to strengthen the stability of the democratic political system.