Shtabinskaya T.T.

Grodno State Medical University, Belarus

Prognostic significance of ERK 2 expression in low-grade colorectal cancers

Grade(G) its a type of cancer, which describes how much cancer cells look like healthy cells when viewed under a microscope. Healthy tissue usually contains many different types of cells grouped together. If the cancer looks similar to healthy tissue and contains different cell groupings, it is called differentiated or a low-grade tumor. If the cancerous tissue looks very different from healthy tissue, it is called poorly differentiated or a high-grade tumor [1]. The cancer’s grade may help the doctor predict how quickly the cancer will spread. In general, the lower the tumor’s grade, the better the prognosis. But a lot of people with low-grade cancer have died in first 5 years after resection. There are molecular and biological markers, which help to predict cancer disease.

Erk1 and 2 - are extracellular - regulated multifunctional kinases that are involved in the proliferation or differentiation of cells, they also take part in the transendothelial migration of colorectal cancer cells and may stimulate angiogenesis and invasion [2].

The aim of our study: to determine Erk2 value for prognosis of the disease in patients with low-grade colorectal cancer.

Material and Methods.

The data for the research were the 55 observations of colorectal cancer cases (20 men and 35 women) aged 37.3 to 82.8 years (63.43 (56,9-69,5)) with histologically verified low-grade cancer of the colon (G1-2). The study was performed on paraffin sections using mouse monoclonal antibodies to Erk2 (ab72096) at 1:100 dilution according to standard procedure.

Quantitation of the level of expression was performed by Aperio Image Scope program, it was described in the previous article [3].

Statistical analysis was performed using STATISTICA 10.0 (SNAXAR207F394425FA-Q).

Results.

Almost all colorectal cancer (90.9%) were located in the distal site. In 29 patients it was verified high-grade adenocarcinoma (52.7%) and 26 - moderately differentiated (47.3%). In 39 cases (70.90%) was T3, in 14 cases (25.45%) - T2, 1 patient - T1, and 1 patient - T4. At the time of diagnosis in 32 patients metastases were found in the regional lymph nodes (N1-2 - 32 (58.2%)). Hematogenous metastases were diagnosed in 6 patients (10.9%). In 20 patients (36.42%) with time having relapses, with 6 of them during the first two years after surgery, and 13 for five years. On average, the tumor recurred after 2.46 years (1,90-3,69). The most important indicator of the effectiveness of treatments - long-term results. Under this concept, most researchers assume overall (observed) survival. Overall survival (January 2016) was 6.2 years (3,5-12,5). The most accurate indicator reflecting essentially a cure for cancer is adjusted progression-free survival. Adjusted progression-free survival was 3.1 years (2,2-4,3).

We evaluated the expression of ERK2 in the parenchyma and stroma of colorectal cancer, as well as the edges of the incision. No significant differences of ERK2 expression in tumor tissue (p = 0.4) (Figure 1) or in the edges of the operating sections (p = 0.86) (Figure 2) adjusted depending on disease-free survival is not detected.

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Figure 1. Correlations Erk2 expression in tumor to an adjusted progression-free survival of patients with low-grade adenocarcinomas.251658240

Figure 2. Correlation of expression Erk2 in operating margins cuts with adjusted progression-free survival of patients with low-grade adenocarcinomas.

Results.

Further research of ERK2 expression should be carried out in conjunction with other markers of angiogenesis, as the self-antigen can not be used for the prediction of low-grade cancer.

Literature:

1. Ueno, H. New criteria for histologic grading of colorectal cancer / H. Ueno, Y. Kajiwara, H. Shimazaki // Am J Surg Pathol. – 2012. - №2. – Р. 193-201.

2. Fang, J.Y. The MAPK signalling pathways and colorectal cancer / J.Y. Fang, B.C. Richardson // Lancet Oncol. – 2005. - № 6. – Р. 322-327.

3. Штабинская, Т.Т. Прогностическое значение уровня экспрессии фактора роста эндотелия сосудов в колоректальном раке / Т.Т. Штабинская, М. Боднар, С.А. Ляликов [и др.] // Научно-практический журнал УО «Гродненский государственный медицинский университет». – 2015. - № 3(51). - С. 64-69.