TODAY’S
YOUTHS’ «SPEECH»
Kiyassova K.K., Issakhova L.T., Elubayeva R.S.
South
Kazakhstan state pedagogical institute, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Резюме
Бұл
мақалада ҚР ОҚО жастарының заманауи тіліндегі слэнгтер
мен жаргондардың теріс әсері туралы айтылады. Мұнда шетел
тілдерінен келген слэнгтер мен жаргондар көбіне орынсыз қолданылуы,
осылайша ол сөздер туралы түсініктердің өзгеруі,
бұл сөздерді көп қолдану нәтижесінде
жастардың сөйлеу мәдениетінің төмендеуі кең
талқыланады.
Резюме
В
этой статье рассказывается отрицательное влияние употребления слэнгов и
жаргонов в современной речи молодежи ЮКО РК. Здесь широко обсуждаются
заимствованные от иностранных языков слэнги и жаргоны чаще употребляются не по
назначению, тем самым вводя в заблуждение о понятии слова, из-за их частого употребления речевая культура молодежи обедняется.
This is one of problem subjects in formation and development of the speech of
youth. The deep changes happening in society conduct the contradictions
penetrating to our era, in fact, to change like culture.
Nearly thirty years ago the Russian
researcher K.S.Gorbatsevich in his research “Standards of the Modern Russian
Literary Language” wrote that modern Russian language “dazzles” with new
expressions and words, sometimes not the correct. Even more often, there are
disputes among linguists on standards of Russian, about as far as they are
applicable to today's conditions of communication more rigidly.
Research objective is studying of use of
slangs and jargons in oral speech of youth, and an assessment of positive and
negative sides of use of slangs and a jargon. More and more in the speech the
youth uses foreign words, it filled it with jargons, swear words, and beautiful
words remain to lie somewhere on shelves. Unfortunately, the words borrowed
from language of the convicts and criminals badgered, humiliated and the
embittered people, very often occur in our speech. With use of an offensive
language becomes primitive not only language, but also outlook. From nasty
words to bad thoughts, from nasty thoughts to negative actions. Keeps
unconditional statements of slangs and jargon in our speech to accustoming to
it which consequence there will be a normal absorption by youth of the damaged
speech of a speaker to whom in fact we have to act against. Accustoming to use
of slangs will eradicate from our daily speech of the correct, full words, a
lexicon because of which we will gradually lose the speech, which we possess
now. The essence of my scientific work consists in the analysis of the speech,
and during the analysis of performance against the exceeded use of slangs and a
correcting of the speech of youth for preservation of a lexical stock of
language.
For achievement of the purpose of
research there solved some problems, such as:
1. To analyze the scientific works this carried
out until this time;
2. To open positive and negative roles of a
slang in oral speech;
3. To prove relevance of research by means of
social poll;
4. To draw conclusions from own supervision.
For
the solution of objectives, there used different methods research provided
below. In this work, we used the descriptive method including methods of supervision
over the facts:
1. Comparison and comparison;
2. Supervision over a broadcasting
of radio and telecasts;
3. Analysis of literature and
articles in magazines;
4. Questioning of youth.
During methods of research, we chose oral speech of youth of the
South Kazakhstan region as object of research. Students of the South Kazakhstan
State pedagogical institute, and schoolchildren participated in it.
Speaking about speech culture of
youth, each new generation guided by already existing texts, steady turns of
speech, and ways of registration of thought.
The youth culture is the, on what
not the similar world. It differs from the adult expressional, sometimes even a
sharp and rough manner to express thoughts, feelings, a certain verbal
absurdity, which only young people can use, courageous and resolute, incited
against the whole world and created the unique world. Because of it is
emergence of a youth slang and slang.
Most of researchers agrees in
opinion that the problem based on too active penetration into the literary
language of spoken, colloquial language.
Especially
allocate a youth slang, including it with responsible that language threatened
by dying, and calling for resolute fight against it. Let's take, for example,
youth magazines of which all "advanced" youth becomes engrossed in
reading, and from the first pages we read (татуха, шмотки, депрессовать, баскет, чел, шариться) and we can continue the list indefinitely.
Slang (from English word “slang”) -
a set of special words or new values of already existing words used in various
groups of people (professional, public, age etc.).
In English lexicography, the term “slang” was widely
adopted approximately at the beginning of the XIX century. The etymology
represented to of this word disputable. Studying of slang was influenced by
English-speaking culture.
The concept “slang” mixes up with such concepts as “a
dialecticism”, “a jargon”, “a
vulgarism”, “informal conversation”,
“popular speech”.
Many words and turns, which began the existence as slang strongly, were
included now into the literary language. The words such as “шумиха”, “шпаргалка”, “провалиться” (in value “fail”) can be examples in Russian [1].
Unlike colloquial expressions, the slang is used
actively in the speech also by educated people, representatives certain age or
professional. Often it just also emphasizes belonging to a certain group of
people. A well-known example - a youth slang.
There are some types of slangs in speaking: Theatrical
slang, Army slang, Journalistic slang, Computer slang, Game slang, Network
slang, Youth slang [2.]
There is a large number of sources of replenishment of
a youth slang. The modern generation uses slangs for designation of new
realities, subjects, the phenomena. The slang does not remain to constants.
With change of one fashionable phenomenon by another, old words are forgotten,
others succeed them. This process takes place very promptly.
The youth slang is called often a slang (from English
slang) or a slang (from from French “argot”). The youth slang is similar to its
carriers - it sharp, loud, impudent. There are a school slang, a student's
slang, an army slang, a slang of musicians, a slang of athletes, a slang of
dealers, a computer slang, a slang of addicts etc. The slang (from French
“jargon”) is a set of features of the informal conversation arising among the
people who are in the similar professional and living conditions united by a
community of interests, joint time forwarding [3, 25].
During research of studying of youth slang it is
important to define the reasons of distribution of slang.
The reasons of the use of a slang in the speech of
youth:
a) for achievement of a certain social status in group
on the basis of acceptance of its social and moral values;
b) for an entertainment and pleasure;
c) for demonstration of sharpness of the mind;
d) for avoidance of daily banality of the use of words
of the literary language, aspiration to bigger expressivity of the speech;
e) for drawing attention to own person.
As show analyses of references and our supervision,
now a so-called general slang - the underestimated style of the speech which is
washing away both standards of language, and norm of speech etiquette - becomes
habitual not only in daily communication. However, it is possible to tell that
slangs and slang influences cultural development of the speech, and of course,
positive and negative sides of use of such forms in communication and others
are allocated. Positive sides:
1. The slang is a mask, game, and attempt to overcome
not the bright ordinary.
2. The slang is constantly updated.
3. The slang is emotionally painted.
In addition,
there are negative sides of use of slangs and a slang in conversation among
youth.
1. The slang is limited thematically.
2. The slang cannot be a basis of national culture.
3. Slang words have an indistinct lexical meaning and
cannot transfer exact information.
4. The slang demands from a speaker of knowledge of a
foreign language, which is the person who does not know a foreign language from
which it was, formed this or that slang perhaps will have difficulties at its
use to destination.
5. The slang limits lexical opportunities of the
speech of the person, adapting it for use of a slang in many cases of life,
thus impoverishing its lexical stock.
6. The slang reduces communication to primitive
communication which consequence the monotonous speech of a speaker deprived of
versatile coloring and eloquence will be.
This analysis shows that in existence of a youth slang
there are also positive sides, though them and less, than negative. However,
negative sides bear pernicious character in development of the speech, and also
is acquired and absorbed by youth.
In summary, it would be desirable to tell that my
opinion on a youth slang the negative. The youth slang was, is and, probably,
will be always. In spite of the fact that the majority of youth used in their
speech the slangs, we representatives of the senior generation should be tired
to teach them to use slangs in the speech. We do it so for not only because
this slovenly use at conversation in Russian, which is rather rich, flexible
and many-sided but also because, simply means of usual language quite are
enough for us. Moreover, we do not need use of this artificially created speech
layer. Nevertheless, most of teenagers live in “their” other world, with the
tendencies, habits and manners, gestures and … words. We conducted survey among
students of our institute and schoolchildren from schools. It became clear that
the vast majority of teenagers are positive to a youth slang; only some told
that they try not to use it and stated the negative or negative relation to it.
Literature:
1. K.S.Gorbatsevich.
“Standards of Modern Russian Literary Language”. Moscow, 1999.
2. “Explanatory dictionary of Russian”S.I.Osheegov, N.Yu.Shvedova. Moscow,
1999.
3. V.D.Chernyak. “Culture of Russian speech”. - M.: YuRAIT, 2007.
4. L.K.Graudina, Ye.N.Shiryayev.
“Russian language and culture of speech”. – М.:
Norma, 2005.