Altynbalta A.A.
M.Kh. Dulaty Taraz State University, Kazakhstan
THE USE OF MODERN VISUAL AIDS
IN TEACHING ENGLISH
In
Kazakhstan, as elsewhere in the world English has become one of the languages
of intercultural communication in the sphere of business communication. At the
same time, knowledge of the English language in Kazakhstan is not only in the
list of mandatory study conditions abroad, but also is a determining element of
competitiveness of young specialists in the market, both in the country and abroad.
English language along with Kazakh and Russian languages, under the
Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan respectively, the status of the
state and official languages, has now become a task of national importance.
Recently, the English language is defined as a condition of successful entry
into the global economy and has been considered as one of the main priorities
of state policy. This is evidenced by and developed in recent years, the policy
documents (the State program of functioning and development of languages for
2011-2020, etc.), in which there is a widespread need of addressing the issues
of learning English and other foreign languages as a means of international
business communication [1].
The
problem of using visualization for teaching foreign language was and remains
relevant. Currently, when humanity strives towards a society without borders,
committed to the cultural heritage and spiritual values of the peoples of the
world knowledge of a foreign language, as a powerful tool of intercultural
communication, has become a popular and prestigious. All teachers of a foreign
language in high school on a mission: to teach students to speak the language.
The
purpose of this article is to examine the use of visualization in the teaching of
English in secondary schools that contribute to the intensification of educational
and extracurricular activities of pupils.
Many
textbooks, which are becoming more and more overloaded with various
illustrations, graphic images, tables and diagrams, sometimes do not help
students, and, conversely, distract them from the essence of the material. The
practice of language teaching in school shows that studying a foreign language
for many years, graduates of comprehensive schools often never master it, cannot
independently, without prior training to build even the most simple sentences,
dialogues have great difficulty in understanding the meaning of simple
authentic text in the target language when reading or listening.
A
manual in a foreign language, unfortunately, does not allow the teacher to teach
the students the language so as to achieve the quality level of their training.
The current practice of learning languages at school is based on storing a
large amount of language, unsystematic
knowledge, "voice samples" and "speech patterns".
The
use of picture clarity for teaching foreign language in secondary schools is
very effective. It helps the teacher to organize the work on the extension of
students' vocabulary, to create a language atmosphere in the classroom and
outside it, to use the vocabulary for the development of foreign language oral
speech.
Presentation
in class of a foreign language contributes to the activation of cognitive
activity of children, expanding their horizons, increases the interest in learning
the language, greatly enriches students' vocabulary. The presentation
should include the mastery of the most common English vocabulary, which is
provided by the program for the initial stage of foreign language teaching.
The
dictionary can be used both in fixed and in-class work on foreign language
training in all types of speech activity. Using "Picture dictionary"
is much effective in the absence of appropriate language environment. It allows
the teacher of a foreign language not only introduce and consolidate new lexical
unit in the classroom, but also realize the principle of a differentiated approach
to each student, form younger students' skills of independent work with the
book, stir up informative activity of students, be they elementary representations
of the lexical system of two foreign languages. The principle of clarity of
learning is one of the most intuitive learning principles, which follows from
the nature of the process of perception, comprehension and synthesis of the
material by students. Means of presentation help to create images,
ideas, thinking turns these ideas into concepts. Illustration helps to develop
attention, observation, aesthetic taste, culture, thinking, memory, and enhance
interest in learning a foreign language.
Drawings,
photographs, diagrams, tables, pictures are appearance clarity. There is an internal
visibility, which stems from a particular context, the immediate linguistic
environment. Visibility is a manifestation of mental images of these objects
depicted in photographs, drawings, etc. when they talk about clarity; we mean
the images of these objects. Bright visibility creates the perception of live
images, calls the appropriate association, as the perception of the visibility
has an emotional impact on the learner. There are auditory, visual and object
visibility. The use of subject clarity promotes thinking
in foreign language. For example, using pictures in lessons, you will notice
that children are quicker to understand certain phenomena and behave more actively
at the lessons. Picture always brings a revival at the lesson. Children listen
to the story of a picture with interest, which helps them to
understand the meaning of the foreign language; they desire to speak or to
answer questions on the content of the picture. Means of presentation help to
create images, ideas; thinking turns these ideas into concepts. Illustration
helps develop attention, observation, aesthetic taste, culture, thinking,
memory, and enhance interest in learning a foreign language.
With
the development of modern computer technology has become a learning tool, able
to visualize the various information. New information technologies affect all
components of the training system: objectives, content, methods and
organizational forms of learning, learning tools, allowing you to solve complex
and urgent problems of pedagogy, namely: intellectual, creativity, analytical
thinking and independent person. The use of computers in teaching English
language has great opportunities. The Internet gives the opportunity to use its
labor more productive connecting and combining different information resources,
and applying creative abilities and skills of problematic thinking. This technology
called Web quest, and its developers are Bernie Dodge and Tom March from the
State University of San Diego.“Web-quest(web quest) in pedagogy–a problematic
task with elements of role-play, using Internet information resources”[2].
The
advantages of this technology can be called a creative approach to tasks, the
development of students ' critical thinking, collaboration, ability to work in a
team, performing different social roles. Web-quest contributes to the achievement
of two main objectives - training communication and information exchange. And
this is an incomplete list of “pluses” of this technology. Developed Web quests
for maximum integration of the Internet in various subjects at different levels
of learning in the educational process. They cover a separate issue, a
subject, a topic may be interdisciplinary.
American
scientists-methodologists headed by Bernie Dodge distinguish the following
kinds of tasks for web quests: retelling, planning and design, self-knowledge, compilation,
creative task, analysis task, detective, puzzle, consensus-building, assessment,
investigative journalism, persuasion, and research. When working with
technology Web quest students are given a list of web sites relevant to the
theme of the project and the level of knowledge, so that they will not be
aimlessly roaming in the networks, and will be engaged in the project.
According
to J. Bykhov “There are two types
of Web-quests: for short-term(objective: to improve knowledge and their
integration designed for one-three classes) and performance (goal: deepening
and transformation of students ‘knowledge based on a long period of time –
maybe for a semester or academic year)” [3].
The
results of a search operation with the technology of the Web quest can be
represented in the form of slides, web pages, Microsoft Word document, or in any
other form. The real location of Web quests in the network can significantly
increase students' motivation to achieve better academic results. Participants
have the opportunity to critically analyze their work, to assess and evaluate the
work of others, and the teacher has the opportunity to evaluate the work of all
students. Teacher becomes a helper or mentor, skillfully guides student to
develop skills of self-education. Formulating tasks and looking for sources and
links on the Internet, it creates a supportive learning environment in which
teaching occurs within creative learning workshop, contributing to the formation
of the sustained interest of the learners to study of educational material, to
improve their language skills, intellectual abilities, aesthetic and cognitive
interest, the realization of creative potential. Students develop critical thinking
and the ability to compare, and how to analyze errors and prospects, to
classify, to think abstractly, and to transform information to complete the
task.
Effective
presentation of lessons on the screen is one of the Central issues ofcomputer
training. Tests with an alternative choice of answers on the passed themes of
the course in English with pictures, graphs, and automatic selection of points
for correct answers on the test. It should be noted that the use of computer
programs, simulators significantly increases interest in the subject.
Not
to mention that the activities on the computer are great incentive for the
development of child's memory, optimize and speed up thinking. Because in video
games you need to memorize the levels, the names of the characters, guided by a
map and make decisions quickly. The child is not only well remember, and
remembers a meaningful and lasting. The computer develops arbitrary memory and
attention, form a cognitive motivation. If a person listens intently to the voice
or music, then divert it sounds complicated, and visual effect (e.g., sharp
movement or drop light) is easier. conversely, for the silent film viewer or
reader– the sound will be more powerful distraction. In recent years, a large
number of training programs in foreign languages. They not only allow you to
read the text with all sorts of examples, but do not allow to integrate this
classical method is listening. Moreover, the student is not bound to follow the
pace of the class and the teacher, and can interactively necessary to listen to
a piece of text an arbitrary number of times. Some of these programs even allow
you to control the pronunciation of the student. Learning English with the help
of computer programs is of great interest to students of the school. Students
attracted to this type of work. At the lesson the children active. Every
student, even weak, to show their skills and abilities.
Multimedia
English course is videos, interesting, exciting tasks aimed at the development
of all language skills: listening, reading, developing skills of monologists
and Dialogic speech, the development of grammatical and lexical skills. The
game is aimed at achieving positive results! Special attention can be given to
children who are behind in their studies. The excitement of competition makes
to achieve the best results. Computer work causes such students a genuine
interest that provides for the formation of a positive motivation for learning a
foreign language. Computer course contains a large number of multimedia
lectures and allows to rapidly facilitate the assimilation of this vast
material due to the complex influence of visuals, sound (music, noise), as well
as pure computer opportunities for dialogue with the student, control of the
acquired knowledge.
The
use of multimedia learning tools helps to implement learner – cantered approach
in teaching, provides individualization and differentiation of training taking into
account the characteristics of children, their level of training, aptitudes.
The latest technology in teaching English language to enhance the independence
of children, but at the same time contribute to the cooperation of teacher and
student in the classroom, helps to give students a solid knowledge and develop
communicative competence and to keep up with the times and keep up with
progress.
Electronic
publications for educational purposes, having all the characteristics of paper
publications have a number of positive differences and advantages. In
particular: compact storage in a computer memory, disk or other digital media,
mobility, the ability to make immediate changes and additions, the convenience
of email and the transfer of classmates.
It
is known that the teacher in the course of their work must not only convey to
students a certain amount of information, but also seek to shape their wards need
to independently acquire knowledge, using different means. The better organized
the autonomy of the cognitive activity of students, the more effective and better
trained. The computer allows to increase the independence of the work of
students not only in the classroom but also at home that is necessary for a more
successful transfer of knowledge from the outside into the inner domain of the
student.
In
a special way such organized and visual training AIDS on different kinds of
media:
videos ( movies, TV programs, videos), as well as static thematic
image–didactic paintings (slides, transparencies, pictures, drawings, posters, tables,
charts ) – has been successfully used in the educational process as an integral
part of it, representing the most accessible form of presentation of educational
material.
New
information technologies affect all components of the training system:
objectives, content, methods and organizational forms of learning, learning tools,
allowing you to solve complex and urgent problems of pedagogy, namely:
intellectual, creativity, analytical thinking and independent person. The rapid
development of computer technology and the extension of its functionality make
extensive use of computers at all stages of the educational process. Great
opportunities are in the use of computers in teaching English language.
The
use in education of computers and information technology has a significant
impact on the content, methods and organization of educational process in various
disciplines. In relation to computer training, the principle of clarity, also called
«interactive visualization" plays a very important role. If in the
traditional sense of clarity is primarily illustrative of the component,
ensuring the needs of the student to see in any form of an object or
phenomenon, in computer training visibility allows you to see what is not
always possible in real life, even with the most sensitive and precise
instruments.
References
1.
The State program of
functioning and development of languages for 2011-2020. www.edu.gov.kz
2.
March T. Web-Quests for Learning. 2010. - http://www.ozline.com/webquests/intro.html
3.
Dodge B. Some Thoughts About Web Quests.
2011. - http://webquest.sdsu.edu/about_webquests.html