Sadykova A.B.
Psychologist SRI Psychology Abay Kazakh
National Pedagogical University,
Master of Psychology and Pedagogy
Actual issues the use of psychotechnologies "role playing" in the educational
environment
Organization UNESCO
today pays great attention to the introduction of innovative technologies
/ 1 / Kazakhstan science for
the further development of innovative ways to improve the competitiveness also should establish effective
and innovative technologies.
In
this regard, the Research Institute of Psychology
KazNPU. Abay developing
a research project MES "Innovative modern
psychotechnologies personality
development." This article will
focus on one of those psycho
- "Role
playing" and its application in the educational environment.
Thus, the processes of reorganization high school model of education and informatization
of educational process, is
globalization. Today, the
Internet and the media represented
in the free access to a wealth of
information on fact any subject, students
who are studying at the university.
Therefore changed significantly and the role of the teacher.
Actual function
becomes his creator environment in which students received information is
converted into knowledge and
experience. As shown by psycho-pedagogical experience, and in particular our research, without specially organized favorable conditions, the development of
quality and learning is usually reduced.
Vygotsky argues
that the natural and cultural development of the child plan to constitute a single alloy. / 2 / This is also evidenced by the global study comparing
the evolutionary, genetic,
physiological and cultural development
presented in the niche theory.
Thus YI
Alexandrov generalizing numerous of global researches
convincingly argues that cultural
features and new growths secured and develop at the
neuron level and activates
genetic programs. / 3 / So to create a special environment
in education is a major advantage,
for example, when compared to distance
learning, which reduces the
number of direct communication for
the exchange of cultural experiences between people.
It
should be on the development and adaptation
of advanced concepts, acquaintance with the best practices of countries - leaders in
the market of educational services, and the development of information
technologies, which have had a significant
impact on the development of Kazakhstan's
model of education. It should be
aimed at solving the problem the
demand of future specialist in
the conditions of market economy.
Much
attention is paid to the effectiveness of
the acquired knowledge, mobility professional
qualifications in terms of modernity. In this sense, adequate are active
training methods.
The
exchange of information is moving from the model demonstration by teacher to the
multivariate information field, where
the examples for the student
can be quite
different, sometimes unpredictable
environmental objects. That solves the problem of effective
adaptation to a rapidly changing
world. In this vein, it should be
noted the psychotechnologies "Role playing".
The study of adaptation
and creativity of modern personality
leads to the conclusion that the assimilation of new experiences takes place efficiently, if a person has built an
adequate psycho-physical and
social boundaries interact with the
world on a variety of distances and applications. /4/
The
fact is, the assimilation of the
experience is always built around
identity, value-semantic orientations and goal-setting. Examples of this are the identity of the family, working team, the perception of the citizenship, a national, ethnic and cultural identity, etc. If a person meets the objectives
of the contradictions and values
of meaning, the process of assimilation of new cultural
experiences and their effectiveness then lose it cannot be
a support for professional and personal
fulfillment. Formation and personal development in the social system
is partly interpreted as a result of
conflicts caused by a mismatch of individual human capabilities to the characteristics
and requirements of society.
The
role-playing technology can solve above
mentioned problems, because the role
is a function by which
the achievement of the person’s purposes
arises in social interaction. Today's
world gives a person, perhaps too
large repertoire of roles, which can be difficult to absorb. Educational environment should offer a person the special tools, without which there is role
conflict. The socio-psychological research, as a rule, it is contradictory requirements
for holders of a role of different social groups.
Consequently solution
of this conflict and integrative
assimilation at all levels of perception optimally in the communicative process, but in the
professional or academic environment should be relatively structured, because it cannot work by means of long-term therapy.
The
base in the educational environment for
the understanding of the internal conflict, we
believe finding the features of cognitive manifestations of such conflict, because one of the main reasons for its occurrence is the personal sense. It
gives the experience of emotion
and severity, and complexity (or impossible) adequate assessment of the current situation. Technology role playing reveals exactly these
features. J. Moreno, the founder of the method of role-playing games in psychotherapy notes its rapid effect
on the deeper layers of the
psyche. What is important in the educational environment, the method also
provides for the development of human
competence in communication. It enables
a new experience in a universal personal experience, and
that we have already noted the main method of implementation
of the acquired knowledge. After
all, if professional knowledge there
are not included - they are not used. In other words communicative competence provides
professional content.
This development is carried
out in role-playing games,
primarily due to: the acquisition of psychological knowledge;
the development of specific skills to ensure effective communication and interaction with people;
awareness and expansion strategies of the field used in conjunction with
the people; a better understanding of ourselves and others; awareness and transformation of motives and attitudes
towards ourselves, others, the
situation of communication and interaction. Based on the methods, purposes
and features educational games are the following varieties. Simulation games are used for professional training in the formation of certain production skills. Plot and role-playing. They are based on the specific situation
- life, business or
otherwise. This creative game in which the plot
- a form of intellectual activity,
so in this case, plays
a very important preparation of
the participants and the development of
the game scenario. Innovative games. Their main difference from other types is that they are mobile structure and
conduct of the game in a few
teaching-developing "spaces."
Organizational-activity.
They put the
emphasis on the game situation
and the diagnosis justifying the choice of solutions to the problem. Business training, play kinds
of solutions business problems.
Also, they
must solve and to prevent various kinds of role conflict,
among which are 4 varieties: 1. The inside
source - incompatible
expectations of one of the participants in the interaction between the
2 sources -
incompatible expectations from two or more members of
role set between 3 role-playing -
different roles of the individual
requirements of the conflicting
requirements. 4. The person-role
conflict - the personal position of the individual is incompatible with the requirements of
the role.
Even from this
general analysis, it is clear that
for the implementation of this
technology requires a high level
of psycho-pedagogical
competence of specialists. These issues
step by step and on the scientific basis are engaged in SRI
of Psychology Abay KazNPU.
Literature sources
1. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0023/002354/235406e.pdf
2. Выготский
Л.С. Психология развития ребенка. М.: Изд-во Смысл, Изд-во Эксмо, 2004. С.
200-508.
3.
Александров
Ю. И., Александрова Н. Л. Субъективный опыт, культура и социальные
представления. – М.: Изд-во Институт психологии РАН, 2009. – 320 с.
4. R. Frager, J. Fadiman
Personality and
Personal Growth Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005 p. 477