Филологические науки/7 Язык, речь, речевая коммуникация
Преподаватель кафедры
иностранных языков Чунихина О.Ю.
Карагандинский
Государственный Медицинский Университет, Казахстан
студентки группы 203 МПД КабыкеноваА.,
Зекенова А.
Карагандинский Государственный Медицинский Университет,
Казахстан
Language is the road map of a culture.
It
tells you where its people come
from and where they are going.
Rita
Mae Brown
Features of American Slang and its
influence on the culture of speech.
Relevance of the chosen topic due to the fact that
currently Slang is one of the most interesting language systems of modern
linguistics. Style of speech plays an important role in human relations. This
study has practical significance, since the main provisions of the research can
be used in teaching English.
The aim of this work - to identify the stylistic
features of American slang, as well as to show the place and functions of a
reduced vocabulary in the communication process by the material of contemporary
American slang dictionaries and American fiction.
Slang - words that are
often considered as a violation of the standard language. American slang is the words and expressions usually used by American
public, but not accepted as good, formal usage
by the majority. Slang, consists of a lexicon of non-standard words and phrases in a
given language. Use of these
words and phrases is typically associated with the subversion of a standard
variety and is likely to be interpreted by listeners as implying particular
attitudes on the part of the speaker. Today slang used on radio and television, in the
press, literature , the Internet ,and in the oral communication between people
of almost all ages , social groups and classes. Because Slang is"
special" language that is able to convey the idea deeper, better, more
emotional and more succinct.
In various dictionaries,
"slang" means the following words and phrases:
1. Words related to the thieves' jargon, for
example: barker - in the value of the gun; to dance - to be hanged ; to crush -
escape ; idea pot - in the sense of the head .
2 . Words related to other jargon , for example
: big-boy - in the sense of large-caliber gun ; knitting needle - in the sense
of a sword (from the military vocabulary); to eat the ginger - act in the best
role ; smacking - in the sense of having a huge success; dark ( literally dark)
within the meaning of closed (from the theatrical vocabulary); dead hooper
values in a bad
dancer; sleeper - in the value of a course
3 . Figurative speech and expression .
Here we must distinguish
between figurative professionalism, for example , shark (literally - shark ) -
in the sense of excellent students ( student of vocabulary ); suicide ditch (
literally - trench suicide) - in the sense of advanced ( from the military
vocabulary ); black coat - ( literally - black cassock ) - a priest ; On the
other hand , commonly used words shaped ; example : rabbit heart ( literally -
hare heart) within the meaning of coward or belly-acher ( literally - suffering
stomach ) ie, a person who always complains about anything .
In lexicology and lexicography
, there are three terms that are often used synonymously . These terms slang,
jargon and cant. Repeatedly made and still attempts to differentiate these
terms . So cant term recently used to denote the conditional language of
individual professional and social groups. For example, thieves jargon or
secret language invented by students in order to conceal from the profane
content of an utterance in English dictionaries is often litter cant.
In modern English a lot of
jargon is born among the representatives of various professions. Especially a
lot in sports. Many words born in the speech of British soldiers , sailors,
students , etc. Lexicon of young people, especially teenagers , at all times
distinguish between having expressions with enthusiastic assessment : great,
super, cool, fine, well. New vocabulary also associated with fashionable
dances, rhythms trendy , fashionable clothes , as well as hobbies of youth,
etc. For example the names of most of modern dance : Rock'n Roll, Twist, Slop,
Blues, Madison, Shake, Wiggle, Beatle-Bounce, Hully Gully
Examples of English slang .
Awesome - very good, interesting, or
appealing
big deal
- important event; may be used sarcastically to refer to something that is not
important
bomb to be unsuccessful
blow it off to ignore or avoid someone or something
blue or have the blues feel depressed
to book 1) to hurry up or do
something very quickly 2) to reserve a ticket to an event or on
transportation
buddy friend
check out 1) to sign out materials from a
library 2) to try to find out something
couch potato
a lazy person who spends a large amount of time
(perhaps on a couch) watching television
cram To study
frantically the night before a test
dead 1) very tired 2) not living
dork an unfashionable and awkward
male
fire up to get excited about
something; to motivate
geek unattractive, unstylish,
socially inept person
get a kick out of
someone/something find someone or something amusing or enjoyable
hang-up fear; phobia or worry
hassle 1) a problem or
inconvenience 2) cause another
person to have a problem or inconvenience
head another name for the bathroom or
toilet facilities
hick someone from a small town or
rural area (usually uncomplimentary
meaning unsophisticated)
hit the road to leave a place
hit the sack or turn in to go to bed
hitch a ride to get a ride from another person
hung up to be in conflict over a
problem
We can do the following conclusions based on the
material discussed above , :
Modern English is fall under
frequent changes, which make it a linguistic sign of generations.
Language - mirror of culture ,
everything in life people - native speakers - is reflected in the lexical-
phraseological system language.
Examples of English slang that are presented
there show functioning cultural connotation of slang and culturally significant
information transmitted by lexical and phraseological units of slang.
The rapid development of new technologies, advertising and fashion
currently allows to speak about the use of borrowed words in speech .
Thus, everyone must monitor changes in the
language and learn the innovations, features of modern English.