FEATURES NUTRITION IN ROWERS

Samoilov A., Rilova N., Khafizova G., Mustafina, L., Almetova R.

Center of Sports Medicine FMBA of Russia, Moscow

Volga Region State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan

Kazan State Medical University, Kazan

Introduction

The improvement of athletic performance and the level of adaptation to physical performance are provided with the control of the body weight and composition and range of biochemical parameters (Banfi G, 2012). This study aimed to analyze the nutritional status, body composition, as well as the hormonal and lipid profiles of Russian rowers.

Methods

Twenty Russian sub-elite rowers (15 males and 5 females; aged 20.8±2.0) were examined with professional body composition analyzer Tanita MC-980 (Japan), blood tests and questionnaire survey.

Results

Analysis of the questionnaires revealed that 65% of athletes had balanced and complete diet, 35% of athletes have pointed to the lack of dietary fiber and protein products. Seventy percent of the athletes took food 3-4 times a day, 10% - only 2 times a day. Thirty five percent of respondents completely avoided fizzy drinks, 35% of athletes consumed them about once a week, 20% - once a month, and 10% - 1-2 times a year. It was established that 20% of the athletes had chronic gastritis, and 5% - gastric ulcer in their past medical history.

Lean body mass in males and females was 67.09±7.5% and 52.95±3.11%, respectively; proportion of body fat in males and females was 10.65±4.55% and 23.18±4.24%, respectively. Furthermore, basal metabolism rate (2063±270.2 vs. 1637±59.31 kcal) and total body water (64.5±2.71 vs. 55.35±2.53%) was larger in males than in female athletes.

Analysis of lipid profile of rowers: the average concentration of the total cholesterol was 4.13±0.64 mmol/l, low-density lipoproteins - 2.49±0.47 mmol/l. The average value of the high-density lipoproteins was 1.27±0.23 mmol/l, indicating that rowers had reduced levels of the HDL in comparison with the reference ranges (normal range > 1.55 mmol/l).

Analysis of the hormonal profile of female athletes showed appropriate levels of all hormones with reference ranges (cortisol 360.8±68.75 nmol/l, total testosterone 1.54±0.44 nmol/L and free testosterone 0.99 (0.41-3. 92) pg/ml). had The mean values of cortisol, total testosterone and free testosterone in males was 458.8±151.4 nmol/L, 19.56±5.98 nmol/l, and 13.5 (5.04 -57.85) pg/ml, respectively.

Discussion

In conclusion, our study revealed that rowers had significant nutritional deficiencies. A reduction in the level of high-density lipoproteins in the blood serum of the majority of athletes was determined. It is important to emphasize that the changes in lipid and hormonal profiles were primarily found in male athletes.

References

Banfi G, Colombini A, Lombardi G, Lubkowska A. Metabolic markers in sports medicine. Adv Clin Chem. 2012