PhD,
associate professor Yasinovska I.F.
Kozak S.I.
Innovation company as a
factor of economic development in
One of the promising ways
of economic growth is the innovative development of the enterprise. For today, the market has a fairly harsh competitive
environment, so enterprises must have strong and stable competitive advantages.
Regardless of the type of activity, the innovative type of development, of
course, remains one of the most promising directions for the development of
each enterprise. As practice shows,
enterprises that implement innovations have a higher level of output and
income, and a high level of their innovation potential indicates the ability of
the enterprise to implement any innovative solutions, the company has a clear
innovation strategy and effective implementation.
The development of
innovation activity of an enterprise can be restrained under the influence of
both internal and external factors. Among the internal factors, one should highlight the lack of an
effective system of training and experience in organizing the work of employees
in the context of innovation development; the reluctance of entrepreneurs to
assume the risks of creating a new product, the unsatisfactory condition of the
material base of most industries because of the depreciation of fixed assets;
the forcedness of the vast majority of domestic entrepreneurs to rely mainly on
equity. External factors of influence should include the lack of effective
incentives for entrepreneurship development on an innovative basis,
insufficient spending of public funds on science and technology, and so on. As
we see, a state plays a big role in the development of this type of
entrepreneurship. State regulation should stimulate the development of science
and technology, since it is the foundation of modern innovation.
The importance of
introducing innovations into the real economy of
According to the State Statistics Service of
Ukraine in 2016 the share of enterprises engaged in innovations is 18.9% of
their total, in 2015 — 17.36%. It should also be noted that sources of funding
for innovation activities, which include own financing, financing of the state
budget and foreign investors in 2016 amounted to 23229.5 million UAH, in 2015 -
13813.7 UAH 5 million. [3]. We see that innovative entrepreneurship in Ukraine
suffers from poor incentives from the state, the government does not always
properly manage its resources, in particular, there is a need for a substantial
increase in financial support for innovation and the implementation of an
effective innovation policy.
We agree with the opinion
of some scholars that it is expedient to systematically introduce a number of
direct and indirect financial methods of influencing this process in order to
create an effective system of state incentives for innovation development in
An important factor in the
growth of the national economy is the development of small business on an
innovative basis. The implementation of active tax effects in the direction of
stimulating the innovation activity of small businesses can be a significant
factor in their development.
According to Vygovska V.V.,
the first direction of the tax effect on the innovative activity of small
enterprises is related to the need to regulate the volume and structure of
innovation costs of the latter, which is due to the need to transform the
innovative cost of the results. The second direction is to stimulate the
intensity of cooperative ties between innovative active subjects of
entrepreneurship, which creates the preconditions for effective cooperation
between business and science. The third direction involves tax incentives for
diversification of sources of funding for innovation activities of small
enterprises [1, p. 102].
So, summing up, it should be emphasized that
effective development of innovative entrepreneurship is impossible without
adequate financial and legal support from the state, which necessitates
significant transformations and the development of effective methods of state
incentives. Ensuring innovation activity of Ukrainian enterprises should be
carried out in the complex of the national innovation system, creation of
high-tech industries and industrial development of research results. Formation
of the regulatory framework for the unblocking of mortgage lending, the
implementation of sound reforms, the creation of a favorable economic
environment with an investment-innovative climate should facilitate the
development of entrepreneurship on an innovative basis and ensure the growth of
the national economy.
References
1. Vygovska V. V. Directions of tax incentives for innovative
development of small business / V.V. Vygovska, O. Azurova // Scientific herald
of Chernihiv State Institute of Economics and Management. Series 1: Economics.
- 2013. - Issue 4. - P. 99-103.
2. Chichkalo-Kondratska I. B. Foreign experience of using mechanisms for
stimulating innovation development / I. B. Chichkalo-Kondratska // Collection
of scientific works of the
3. Official site of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine. - Mode of
access: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua.