ROLE OF THE DOMESTIC SCIENCE AND EDUCATION IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY
ROMANOVA OLGA- Cand.Econ.Sci., the senior
lecturer of department "Management of the organization" Institute of
the government, right and innovative technologies
The output of domestic
economy on a trajectory of steady development staticizes the importance of
perfection of scientific potential of the country which should cover all parts
of a national economy. At the same time development of the Russian science in
modern conditions shows increased requirements to preparation of experts of a
technical and economic structure. Today many domestic enterprises (companies)
alongside with sharp deficiency of qualified personnel feel necessity of a lot
of scientifically proved development, which not in a condition to carry out and
it conducts to deterioration of production (services) and, as consequence, to
decrease in its competitiveness. Substantially
it promoted to changing the speciality of many educational institutions,
before working on specializing of a professional training, technical workers,
engineers, etc., the reason for that became commercialization education with
the purpose of increase the level of payment. Unlike
All this has led to
occurrence of the big number of commercial colleges and universities, which
prepare experts by similar trades frequently without taking into account the
need for the staff. On these conditions the main competing factor for the
interested person to get education will be the level of a tuition fee, and for university
- a greater set of students as it is possible, without taking into account
their possibility. All this leads to qualifying recession. At the same time,
despite the fact of wide network of the higher educational institutions, who train
the experts according to market requirements, insufficiently high level of
preparation of the administrative staff (managers), marketing experts, logistics
experts, etc. is observed. Only limited number of universities possesses the
educational programs focused on preparation of managers which educational level
allows them to work effectively on conditions of a market competition in
corresponding sectors of economy. The developed situation becomes the necessary
precondition of retraining of workers of the enterprises with the purpose of
increase of the competence of the managers focused on work in conditions of
market economy that leads to derivation of turnaround means of the companies
and growth of expenses.
As shows the analysis, other
important factor defining a level of development of economy of our country at
present time and on prospect, is a sharp reduction of branch scientific
potential that is connected with the termination or with curtailing activity of
many scientific research institutes, outflow of experts abroad, etc. Curtailing
of scientific researches because of reduction of investment of research and
development can lead to degradation of potential of the majority of sectors of
a national economy, owing to effect of "chain reaction" which appears
in the results of close interrelation of all parts of economy where the main
component becomes a scientific and technical level. In the industry
deterioration of a fixed capital has exceeded 50 %. Thus, continuation of the
developed tendency will promote even greater backlog from the countries with a
high level of development, putting in jeopardy economic safety of the country.
Today, without active
support of the state of research and educational sphere it is not obviously
possible to solve all spectrum of the arisen problems. The main question here
there is a financing. At the same time, even it is frequent that at enough high
capital investments, it is not possible to reach expected effect on a lot of
the reasons. First of all, it is necessary the complex program of development
of priority sectors and, closely connected with it, scientific and educational
spheres.
For the decision of this
important problem for the country, in our opinion, it is necessary to solve
following major problems:
- support of branch
scientific research institutes by development of the innovative products
representing the important economic and branch importance;
- direct investment of
programs on development of normative materials (norms, specifications,
methodical conditions on normalization, etc.) by all kinds of used resources
which today does not suffice in many sectors of economy;
- financial support of
the educational organizations which are letting out highly skilled experts in
which the modern enterprises feel personnel deficiency;
- encouragement of
scientists and the experts creating unique production, not having analogues;
- involving young
scientists for work in the research organizations by increase of a material
interest;
- increase of prestige
of work of the scientist and the teacher.
In many developed
countries of the world the sphere of a science is under patronage of the state
on which there are allocated essential assignments from the budget.