Kaplun V.S, Usachev V.A

Donetsk National University of economic and trade named after Mikhail Tugan - Baranovsky

Development of the theory

and practice of management

The main provisions of the management theory evolution in the context of general scientific principles and lines of research are considered. The article demonstrates the basis analysis of different management approaches in its historical retrospective, the possibilities of its development under the modern conditions from the point of view of the outdated approaches and ineffectiveness in the national system of management.

The majority off scholars suppose that management existed since those times, when the individual with the help of «the carrot and the stick approach» forced another individual to do something, predicted in advance. For a good reason, one the classical definitions of management sounds as «provision of fulfillment of work with the help of other people» Therefore, the profession of manager can be considered as one of the most ancient [1].

Basically, the provisions of human relations school caused the implementation of the different conception of scientific researches – from the human ecology (based on the general theory of the systems) to the human resources management (which is the core of modern management). Therefore, we may say that the «physics» of management is ended with the emergence of the «human factor» (as Graham Greene said: «This God damned the human factor» it must be understood that the man can be both the strongest and the weakest element of any system).

The modern leading scholars in the sphere of management such as (P. Drucker, T. Peters, P. Senge and others) even began to identify «management» with «management of human resources» (personnel). The given phenomenon is especially specific for the international management as a determinative stage of its development in conditions of globalization [2, p. 29-30].

Apotheosis of the physics of management in the second half of XX-century were: establishment of the quantitative school and system management, developed on the basis of the theory of general systems (usage of the mathematical methods in management), openness in the organization and situational approach (interrelations of matter and field), embranchment of management science, (emergence of such its components as «operational management», «financial management», «banking management», «investment management», «innovation management», «tax management», «management of external economic activity», «custom management», «ecological management» etc)

In such way, we can say that from the beginning of 70-th of XX-century physics of management holds down metaphysics in three aspects:

1) consideration of phenomena of reality not in the process of their development and international, but at rest, discretely;

2) availability of oddity, and as a consequence mistiness;

3) esotericism of origin.

Nowadays without regard of Fayol’s analysis of management, the study of the basic aspects of management in the educational programs is conducted in the order, described in the «classical» modern American work in management manager and organization (10 roles of manager and skills of management technology of management ( communications and managerial decision- making process of fulfillment of planning function, organization, motivation and control in different interpretations) [3]. The above mentioned in its turn, caused the blossom of metaphysics of management in the modern researches, when the analysis of the processes and phenomena is taken place separately, without interaction and interdependence of the components in the system of n management, which are permanently developed and changed.

Moreover, the theory of management did not become the subject of scientific research. Both in qualified publications, and dissertations researches it is impossible to reveal the integrated approach to the development of the theory and practice of management in conditions of the changes of environment of economic activity and globalization ( probably further post- globalization ) – the majority of authors still analyze the basic provisions of situational approach to the system management of 70-s-80-s of XX century, in spite of the fact that within the period of the 40 years both the organization and enlivenment cardinally changes [2,36-37].

Development of the modern physics of management is considerably remained out of view of researches, who still adhere to the metaphysical methods of analysis [4]. It is as if, the process of management is still unchangeable within the period of the last century, although as a process, functions and place of manager in the organization is not an axiom.

Management development is a subject commanding intense interest from organizations serious about the personal development of their staff, and the ways in which they can maximize their potential. If you are kept informed of new research and in-company practice, you are better placed to make appropriate decisions about the introduction of new techniques in your own organization [5, 17-18].

References:

1. Словарь иностранных слов – 14-е изд., испр.- М.: Рус.яз., 1987

2. Кредiсов А. I, Лiтовченко Б. В. Стратегiчний менеджмент на початку ХХI ст.: змiна парадигми / Кредiсов А., Лiтовченко Б.// Економiка України – 2011. – № 2.

3. Мескон М. Х., Альберт М., Хендоури Ф. Основы менеджмента. – М. Дело, 1992.

4. Cullen J.B. Multination Managment: A Strategic Approach. – Washington State University, 2002.

5. Journal of Management Development, 2011, (p.17-18).