Economic sciences /
7. Account and audit
Zhusupova G.B.
Kostanaysky state
university of a name of A.Baytursynov.
Kostanay,
Kazakhstan
ECONOMIC BORDER REGIONS CAPACITY OF
The segment
of economic space of the region within which strong interaction between objects
is observed, is called as a contact zone, or contact territories. Sociability of border territories in many
respects has potential character as their external functions are insufficiently
developed.
Border
regions as territories of special type realize the economic potential
especially in the conditions of economic integration when to the forefront
there is a factor of territorial contiguity, proximity, the neighbourhood,
causing considerable concentration of interstate communications of the adjacent
and third countries.
This property
allows the adjoining countries to use more effectively than benefit of the
international division of labor, sharply to reduce transport and transaction
expenses of interaction.
Thus border
regions gain character of a contact zone, some kind of bridge. Realization
above the described transit potential is possible only in the presence of a
sufficient infrastructure obustroyennost of a contact zone that isn't
characteristic yet for a segment of frontier considered in work.
Thus, the
main resource of the border territory consists in its geographical position
which, in an ideal, allows to serve transit flows of people and goods and to
attract investments.
Any boundary
barriers and restrictions reduce investment and transport appeal of areas of
both countries adjacent to border.
Positions of
the population living in the territory of border areas, differ a considerable
variety in an assessment of influence of border on their activity.
Influence of
border on activity in population estimates - domination of the positive
estimates connected with two groups of factors attracts attention: first,
possibilities of additional earnings and professional and labor realization,
cooperation in joint design activity; secondly, - possibilities of acquaintance
to other culture, settings of personal friendly contacts and communications.
The third
factor - expectation of humanitarian assistance that is connected with the
period of high prevalence of projects of the social support initiated by the
Finnish colleagues.
The fourth
factor of influence on development of cross-border cooperation is connected
with negativist tendencies in public consciousness of locals that is caused by
deterioration of a criminogenic situation, distribution the practicing of
shadow business, change of traditions, etc.
The fifth
factor is localized among neutrally, probably, indifferently adjusted citizens
who didn't have or not wishing to get personal the practicing of the
international contacts.
On features
of interaction with border in border areas roads of sketchy and parallel type
prevail.
Within the
federal program for border strengthening on its Russian-Kazakhstan piece by the
end of 2011 had to construct 66 border check-points.
Important
feature: during this period from the territory of Kazakhstan to Russia inflow
of emigrants, in particular, by number of the international migrants who have
arrived to Chelyabinsk region amplified, Kazakhstan came out on top.
The main the
passenger - and fright traffics pass through border on secants border to the
highways "Baikal", "Kurgan — Kostanay" and the
Trans-Siberian Railway site, adjusted in Soviet period. Other secants frontier
of the route are used mainly for movement of local population, and, need of
journey only through check points is an obstacle for moving to the adjacent
state.
Such
situation is connected with a condition of a transport network and its drawing
- networks trees, in it there is no closed contour, border areas are with each
other connected poorly and parallel type of roads with the qualitative
covering, presented incidentally in certain areas, doesn't form the shortest
way from border villages to check points through border. Such drawing of a
transport network and need of journey through check points when crossing border
determined depth and intensity of contacts of the population.
Literature:
1 .
Bayserkeev O. N., Bugromenko V. N. Regional spatial and subject environment. –
Alma-Ata, 1993.
2 . Malt
liquor M. Competition. – M, 2005.
3 . Regional
economy / Under the editorship of Vidyapin V. I. Stepanova M. V. – M., 2002.