Incomer words in S. Mukanov`s prose.
Philology magistrate, teacher of Kustanay International University name
A.Baitursinov, Mukasheva R. A.
Word is similar to life and manners of the nation.
When the writer of fiction starts to crate, he writes by words of people which
went the head character of product. So, fiction which relates the national
heritage or describes unique mode of head character writer refers to manners of
the nation. In this connection meeting expression which not irrelevant to style
of speaking, change from rational lexicon. We could say that the culture level
of those type population, place of those population in society, view on life,
ideology, distinguishing feature of ages, activity. S.Mukanov`s novels show
lexicons which used in fiction.
Either speech in sprite of all-round development
society, it`s all the same enters in intercommunication with another speech,
thereforå every speech is right which fills up by others expressions.
Speech is instrument of society contact, also is
information of life, cultural heritage and ideology of society. With this view
usage of words in fiction shows which goals they use. On other hand is
informing provision of cultural life nation.
Words help to develop society which meets in fiction
from Russian, Arabian, and Tatar languages.
In the opinion of B. A. Serebrennikov any expression
appeared in fiction, it helps to understand changes in the world. When new
expression society appears is develop. In fictions when in Kazakh aul appears a
Russian and Tatar person we can see beginning getting education in Arabic
language, that is to say it changes ideology of society.
Incomer words entering from the Arabic language is «madrasah», from Russian language: îÿç, óðÿäíèê, äîêðûò, ãóáåðíàòîð and so on. For example, «I was born in the place when there were not
education institution: school, madrasah»
(1,468-p).
In life of Kazakh auls junction nationalities’ played
the big role: appeared changes in cultural development.
For example, Askar could not call to settlement
Botagoz on aul`s rules and he noticed diligence of daughter-in-law Aibala, he
showed that he don` t want to speaking
about (3, 61-p). When we collected the hay from the outside, Zhamanshubar
similar to ýòàæäû
houses of the
city (1, 33-p). «Îâîù» I`m hear and see it at first... When my fellow-travelers came to
Russian village they bought the êàðòîï, ìîðêîâü just for fun…
(1,238-p).
Borzhabai told – There is richness in money not in
cattle?-…The son of her faithful clerk
Kopabai`s is Isiman(1,8-p). He wanted to write the protocol and his arms began to shake when he tried to take out the
pencil from the pocket. (3, 68-p).The fire
has ever been on fire on the door of Itbai`s wooden house (3, 80-p).
When we analyze afore-mentioned examples, it is
possible to understand that words from other languages are activities of
society`s cultural development .In the same way the speech of linguistics’
culture shows the connection between nationalities.
«There is not expression which is not taken from the
other nationalities in dictionary. There are polyglot nations in the whole
world who associate with each other therefore exchange by words» [4, 15].
K.Zhubanov proposes to introduce foreign words into
Kazakh lexicon. He shows us 3 important ways:
«1)-to tale original Russian words without
overpatching;
2)-to use only Kazah inflectional form when we
declension and conjugate words…;
3)-all derivatives words from original words to make
according to law Kazakh language. Besides, we can`t limit to introduction international terms and sovetisms»[4,244].
Scientifics explain : «It exists the center of
development nation`s languages. Firstly, we must not to resign from international
terms. Because achievements of Russian language in many respects is part
of international terms»[4,545].
The writer uses foreign languages for creating of
head`s hero style and it can seems like foreign languages are use in fiction.
Using foreign languages in fiction
writer proposes one`s object is not
only in Kazakh literature and in literature of whole world. It`s style of
work doesn`t have to disfigure the language
but the other way can develop the
language.
The topic is let us not only choose the idea,
composition as well as material of speech`s expression. That is why is not possible to write the material only
in one language when writer creates the fiction. In the second place , to open geography of creating topic writer
specially establishes facts in other language. In order to speak the writer not
refutes and not disfigure the argument when he uses the material other`s
languages in the fiction.
The words which came from Russian language are
called «Russism». In S.Mukanov`s
fiction it meets very often Russian word. The writer uses Russian words for
creating exception of character. There are two parts:
«conjugation» of Russian words
Conservation of original words in Russian language.
We can see that on carrying out statistical analysis
in S.Mukanov`s fiction the first part occurs less then second part.
Nevertheless second part of this fiction is present too. The reason is creating
of expressive expression. For example,
-Ñëàó
áөãà! – it means «Thank God!»
-How are you, Adas? – he asks :
-Íåøàóà,- he answers
Kopabai said- Now, children, go to bed. Çàáîòà will be tomorrow. Ñîáèðàéò the caws in herd yourself. It will be
disaster and Russian people will not drive home the cattle. Avoid of tipsy
human. Øîðò çíàéò , he can beat you!(1,302-p)
Words which use
in this period
of time :ñóäüÿ, äåòäîì, àäâîêàò, áèîãðàôèÿ, ðåãèñòðàòîð, þðèñòêîíñóëüò,
ìðàëüíûé, óãîëîâíûé, ðóäíèê, ãîíîðàð, òàéíàÿ îðãàíèçàöèÿ, òðàíñïîðò, ñåëî, ó÷èòåëü, ýêçàìåí, êîìèññèÿ, ïðàâëà,
ðåìîíò, ïðàâî, èäåëîã, òðèáóíà, øàõòåð, ãåðîé, ïðîòîêîë, ïðèêàç÷èê.
«In the past he was the
lawyer in aul where our famous Abai Kunanbaev laved…(2,63-p). «If you will not arrange Karmakshi in äåòäîì I will not live in this
house(2,84-p). “Moldeken sail – What are you talking about, I`m not collect
people’s áèîãðàôèÿ and I don’t want to write the roman or
drama»(2,392-p). « In Ubiysta place he worked, ðåãèñòðàòîð next
time when he went to Moscow he worked in one of commissariat as þðèñêîíñóëüòàíò- answered he »(2,746-p).
«I didn`t want to be a lawyer when
judge passed the announcement – said Sadakbai » (2,477-p). «When I asked his
family tree I recognized that he was born in miner’s family.»(2,748-p). «Are you think hat I am live poorly, I
am give 15 thousand plus ãîíîðàð for only one play – he answered
» (2,496 -p ). « Some people think that
is òàéíàðãàíèçàöèÿ !» (2,494- p). «We were living in Amankaragai all week
and we have been in some Russian ñåëîëàðûí, after Kazakh auls we continued our way » (2,109-p). « He passed exams and got
fixed up in a Soviet Party Committee as à ó÷èòåëü when I came to Orenburg
» (2,183\185 -p).
Ñåìüÿ, ýêçàìåí, êàíèêóë, äîêóìåíòan and so on :
this words appeared after Independence of Kazakhstan in S.Mukanov`s prose. This
incomer words at first active words of lexicon fond those time, secondary there
was not translation of incomer words. In cause changing of society, development
of production, science and technology appeared new words and vocabulary other’s
language is became reach. Some words use less and disappear. Law is severe but
it`s law.
List
of using literature:
1. S.Mukanov «School life» , Almaty , 1957
2. S. Mukanov «Botagoz» , Almaty , 1957
3. S. Mukanov «Clear love» , Almaty , 1957
4. A. Iskakov «Contemporary Kazakh language» , Almaty
, 1992