Pedagogical sciences / 2. Problems of training specialists
S. A. Kurtas
Communal establishment
of Sumy regional institute of postgraduate pedagogical education, Ukraine
Teacher's academic mobility of the
Higher educational institution
In the course of integration of the Ukrainian science
and education into the international educational space, questions of teachers'
academic mobility get the main relevance, that promote formation of
qualitatively new manpower of national economy.
Access to better educational programs, courses and
research opportunities which is given by mechanisms of the academic mobility,
will allow teachers to come back from countries of residence with new baggage
of knowledge, academic and cultural experience. Besides, the academic mobility
significantly promotes the increase of availability, quality and efficiency of
education and it's an important instrument of formation of global educational
space and ensuring mobility of the human capital.
For the development of academic mobility each higher
education institution has to solve problems: creation and development of a
system of grants for teachers; improvement of organizational mechanisms and
internal standard and methodical ensuring the academic mobility; allocation of
target funds in the budget of higher education institution for mobility and the
international development; ensuring high-quality training of teachers of
foreign languages that will create level of proficiency in languages, adequate
for participation in programs of the international cooperation; development of
internal system of an assessment of mobility; creation of infrastructure to
support adaptation; creation of social conditions, developments of the academic
mentoring; development the of system of informing on programs of the academic
mobility.
The realization of mobility programs in a higher
educational institution can be enabled in some stages: preliminary stage
(search of partners): quite often foreign higher education institutions address
in the Ukrainian higher educational institutions with the offer of
establishment of partner communications; sometimes representatives of various
institutions get acquainted during the international events and reveal mutual
interest to each other; preparatory stage (organizational activity): the
framework agreement is composed, the protocol coordinated and signed by
authorized representatives or rectors of partner higher education institutions;
solemn or correspondence process of signing of the protocol is supposed; main
stage (main process of implementation of the protocol): this stage provides
drawing up and signing of additional agreements - about creation of programs of
double diplomas, about exchange programs, about the direction of teachers and
so forth; as soon as additional agreements are signed, process of coordination
of curricula, the statement of terms of arrival of teachers, paperwork for
departure on training, training in partner higher education institution begins;
final stage: after return to the main higher education institution process of
the report on training begins.
We will note that the unambiguous treatment of the
term "academic mobility" doesn't exist at the moment, therefore we
adhere to the term of Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe (academic mobility) which in 1996 defined
it as "movement of the person concerning education for a certain period in
another educational institution (in the country or abroad) for training,
teaching or carrying out researches then comes back to the main educational institution.
This concept isn't connected with emigration or the long period of study (work)
abroad". Also distinguish the following types of mobility: vertical (the academic migration) – full
training of the student on degree in foreign higher education institution; the horizontal - training of the student
in foreign higher education institution during the limited period (a semester,
academic year); the return - movement
of foreign citizens in the educational and research purposes to the country;
straight line - movement of students, teachers and researchers of the country
abroad.
For Ukraine achievements of effective international
academic mobility of teachers of the higher school in the context of Bologna
Process is really only on a condition of creation of productive system of
national academic mobility, its standard and legal base, the organizational and
economic mechanism, definition of sources of financing and readiness for
partnership of subjects of process of the academic exchanges. Taking into
account the European experience of the academic mobility, there is a range of
tasks that need to be solved at the state level and to become a basis of
elaboration of strategy of development of the academic mobility in the field of
the higher education as one of forms of its integration in world scientific and
educational space:
-
legislative
and normative ensuring of the academic mobility
includes the corresponding updating of the state legislation on the higher
education; visa support of the academic mobility; protection of the rights and
safety of foreign students; development intra-university standard legal support
of the academic mobility taking into account the specifics of educational
institutions; creation of mechanisms of realization of various forms of the
academic mobility coordinated with legislative provisions of the European Union
and norms of international law;
-
infrastructural
and material support of the academic mobility
assumes the creation of the relevant structural divisions in the staff list of
higher education institutions, which have to organize and look for sources of
financing of the international training, of training and an exchange, to give
information and advisory support according to programs and grants on the
academic mobility, the help in registration of necessary documents, visa
maintenance, medical insurance, etc.; development of infrastructure of
establishment, hostels, modernly equipped classroom fund, etc.
-
staffing
of the academic mobility: almost a total loss of
effective structures and a technique of training the teachers and curators for
work with foreigners is a big problem, especially at preparatory faculties;
there is an urgent need to return such directions of training of specialists;
-
information
support and maintenance of the academic mobility
assumes creation and weekly updating of a multilevel information network which
has to accumulate and distribute actual information on the academic mobility
for all participants of educational process through the Internet page on the
site of higher education institution, holding information seminars on grant and
exchange programs; creation of effective mechanisms of advertising of
advantages of training in Ukraine for foreigners;
-
financial
security of the academic mobility provides for an
increase of public financial support for the participation of talented and
disadvantaged students in international educational programs; development of
programs of the state and private crediting and subsidizing of the academic
mobility; search of grants; solutions of financial aspects of the academic
exchanges within partnership of higher educational institutions of different
countries;
-
adaptation
programs for participants of the academic exchanges
provide creation of the corresponding infrastructures to support the adaptation
of foreign students: legal awareness, medical support, organization of life and
leisure, courses of language and common cultural adaptation and so forth.
Literature:
1.
Bolotskikh A. A. The development of
the academic mobility of students as realization of the principles of Bologna
Process in the higher education of Ukraine [An electronic resource] /
Bolotskikh A. A.//Electronic NPF "Scientific bulletin of Donbass" -
the access Mode: http://nvd.luguniv.edu.ua/archiv/NN21
2.
Gulyaeva N. M. The mobility of
teachers and students: problems and reference points / N. M. Gulyaeva //
Materials of the VI annual international conference "Development
Management Education in Ukraine" (on February 17-19, 2005.
Dnepropetrovsk). - M.: Educational and methodical center "Consortium on
Improvement Management Education in Ukraine", 2005. - Page 76-81.
3.
The Bologna Process 2020 – The
European Higher Education Area in the new decade. Communique of the Conference
of European Ministers Responsible for Higher Education. Leuven and
Leuven-la-Neuve, 28-29 April [Electronic resource]. – Mode of access: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-09-675_en.htm