A.I.Leventa, A.D.Odinets, L.A.Usov

To the subject of biological properties of some perspective plants of the Baikal region

The problem of health preservation is very important for our people because of its natural-ecological, social-economical and scientific-technical peculiarities and change in the pathology structure since 50s of the 20^th century. The adaptative human abilities also changed under the influence of the human activity [2] .

Nowadays the list of the medical preparations for acceleration of the adaptative process in the organism, stimulation of its protective function and raising its capacity for work is not very long. The following preparations are used: ginseng root, ginsana, Siberian ginseng, echinopanax elatum, aralia extract, existen, saparal, pantokrin, rantarin .

One of the perspective plants is hare cabbage (Orostachys spinosa) and Rhodendron adamsii (Rhed) [1] . These plants are widely used in popular and oriental medicine and have a sufficient natural habitat of growth and good resourse indices. Nowadays some perspective popular preparations including those based on the local sort – Orostachys japanicus and Rhodendron adamsii – are searched in the South- Eastern Asia (China, South Korea, Japan), being introduced into the medical practice in Mongolia.

We made a biological assessment of the tonic and stimulating action in the experiment on the uninterrupeted muscular work of whit rats and mice till they are tired. But it is not so easy to estimate the efficiency because it is difficult to make the small laboratory animals work. So it is appropriate to use responsive behavior of animals in the extreme situation that leads them up to the muscular exhaustion. Among the numerous methods of production of the muscular exhaustion the best one is the swimming test which is quite simple and can be repeated. The disadvantage of this method is the possibility to obtain incorrect results during studying the medicines which influence the motivation and give rise to the stereotype as well as the impossibility of an adequate assessment of the medicines influence of which on the physical efficiency is connected with the sedative, metabolic or adrenaline blockage effect . Our experiments and the literature dates analysis revealed substantial disadvantages of the free swimming method: formation of « air pillow» from the hair cover ,swimming bubbles. It is impossible to measure the physiological parameters of animals and take the analyses of the blood and biological liquids during the experiment, it is difficult to create equal conditions of experiment as there are individual differences in the correlation of the muscular and fat tissues. These factors provided the difference in the exhaustion time. There was difference in the rats behavior reactions during swimming under the influence of different student medicines containing different types of the biologically active substances or their complex. To assess the uninterrupted muscular work (UMW) of the laboratory animals we choose the method of modeling the muscular work in the antiorthostatic position (O.A.Avakyan). Were studied the liquid extracts of Orostachys and Rhodendron Adamsii in correlation 1:1 which were received by the percolation of the medical plant material with 70% and 96% of ethanol. The medicinal plant material included the apical shoots of Rhodendron Adamsii Rhed (compound of foliate shoots, leaves and some stems 8-15 cm) gathered in the period of flowering – beginning of fluiting in 2009 on the Kyngarga river (Eastern Sayany) and the overground part of Orostachys (foliate stem and inflorescence) collected in the hole Kapsal near Irkutsk. The research was carried out in autumn and winter in 2009 in the pharmacology department’s laboratory of the Irkutsk Medical University. White mice with the initial weight of 17-20gr grown in groups of 5 in the standard plastic cells in the conditions of vivarium and white rats of the Wistar type with the access to water and food in the conditions of inverted Light from 8.00 to 20.00 under the temperature of 22∓2ºC were studied.

The control group of mice was given 0,05 ml of physiological solution intraperitoneally, and rats were given 0,5 ml of it, water mixture of medicines in the ratio 1:7 was injected 40 minutes before the experiment in the dosage of 1,0 ml per 1 kg of the animal’s weight. The preparation with the tonic and stimulating (adaptogenic) action- liquid extract of Siberian Ginseng manufactured by «Dalchimpharm» (RN 001518/01 by 18.01.2008) was taken as a standard. The results were brought into statistics using the Student’s criterion by n=5, t(pt)=2,52, p=95% according to the recommendations of the State Pharmacopea 11.In table1 you can see that extractions from Orostachys, Siberian Ginseng and Rhodendron Adamsii possess a tonic and stimulating action under the condition of the uninterrupted muscular work of white mice relating to control.

Table 1

The results of studying the influence of the Orostachys, Rhodendron Adamsii and Siberian Ginseng extracts on the limited capacity for work of mice

Groups of animals, n=9	Weight, g	work time, min
Physiological solution (NaCl 0.9%) 0.5 ml intraperitoneally	11,12±0,83	52,3±9,5
Extract of Orostachys (1:7) 1 ml intraperitoneally	11,5±0,89	82,8±11,1
Extract of Siberian Ginseng (1:7) 1 ml intraperioneally	11,75±0,83	83,7±16,0
Extract of Rhodendron Adamsii (1:7) 1 ml intraperitoneally	11,62±1,14	89,3±12,7

An attempt to use this method in the experiment on the adult male white rats Wistar with the weight of 180-220 g was success less because rats are climbing and wale handing they don`t make any physical work but hand over the water surface. So the scientific worker of our department A.D. Odinets offered to modify this method. It makes possible to dose the muscular work and to estimate the quantity of adaptogenic activity of studied preparations during uninterrupted muscular work under the stable experimental conditions. The experiment is possible if the rat`s tail is clutched so that the ret cannot move it.

Simultaneously the physiological parameters of the animal`s condition may be registered and the biochemical samples can be taken. The quantity estimation of adaptogenic and antistress activity of the preparations is determined according to the distinct criterion-time from the onset on handing, 40 min after the intraperitoneal injection, till the total exhaustion and death.

On the basis of the received data we made a conclusion that the Orostachys and Rhodendron Adamsii extracts increase the time of uninterrupted muscular work of the laboratory animals (mice and rats) in relation to the control group and exceed the index in the Siberian ginseng extract in an adequate dose [3].

Consequently, these plants are undoubtedly perspective and are to be studied to base and reveal the leading links of the pharmacological activity mechanism of exogenous nondopping adaptogens and to create new preparations with the elective type of action (without any side effect and unfavourable changes in the organism) to extend the arsenal of adaptogenics remedies used in the medical practice.

In addition to the tonic and stimulation action the Rhodendron Adamsii extract showed also evident neurotropic action under the condition of swimming sample in rats. Probably it depends upon the presence terpens and pitches, in the composition of the used plant material.

1. Leventa A.I., Fedoseeva G.M, Usov L.A., and oth. To the pharmacologic study of the active substances of Rhodendron adamsii//Pharmacological research institute of Tomsk, 1997 – vol.9 – p.63-64

2. Leventa A.I, Fedoseeva G.M.. Usov L.A. To the problem of the pharmacologic adaptation to the rhythm of modern life//Vestnic of Russia.-2007,№1 – p.187-193

3. Usov L.A., Mirovich V.M., Leventa A.I, Minakina L.N., Kichigina E.A. To the comparative assessment of the tonic and stimulation action of Rhodendron adamsii.//Siberian medicine journal – 1995 - №3 – p.37-39

Data of authors:

Leventa A.I. Irkutsk, tel: (8924)6066606, mail Leventa@yandex.ru

Odinets A.D. Irkutsk, tel: (8914)9169353, mail igmu1@yandex.ru