Тalpakova Balzhan

Peculiarities of training teachers of computer science based on the use electronic resources in multimedia learning.

Annotation: The article discusses the features of the use of multimedia technology in the preparation of teachers of computer science at the university by the example of learning the basics of database

Keywords: database, multimedia, education information.

In recent years in the education system of Kazakhstan is working on the integration of information and communication technologies, scientific and methodological support of educational process and scientific research developments to consolidate the education system with the latest information technology, which is caused by the desire to form in Kazakhstan open educational space available to the general segments of the population.

Use of multimedia learning tools allows to implement new, highly effective methods of independent study, significant from the point of view of the system of open education. One of the most common approaches to the implementation of self-study, based on the widespread use of multimedia tools are electronic textbooks, automated training systems, case-based technologies, etc. The use of educational multimedia tools could raise the quality of student learning computer science in general and databases in particular on a fundamentally higher level.

Possibility of using multimedia technology in teaching students database systems should be considered in more detail.

 Due to ambiguity of the term "multimedia" beneath it often refers to:

 - Technology, describes the development, operation and application of information processing of different types;

 - A product made on the basis of multimedia technologies;

 - Multimedia program;

 - Computer hardware (your computer has a special device for the CD-ROM drive, sound and video boards in which is possible to playback audio and video, joystick and other special devices);

 - A special kind of a synthesis of information, combining both traditional static visual (text, graphics) and dynamic information of different types (voice, music, video, animation, etc.).

Thus, in the broad sense of "multimedia" means a range of information technology, using a variety of software and hardware in order to more effectively impact on the user (who became both the reader and the listener and the viewer) [1].

Through the use of multimedia products and services, simultaneous exposure to graphic, audio and visual information, these tools have a great emotional charge and are actively involved in the entertainment industry, the practice of institutions and in home entertainment.

Taking this into account, we can confirm the assumption that such technology could play a positive role in enhancing the effectiveness of teaching computer science and databases.

The use of multimedia technology in teaching students usually seen in four main areas:

1) computer and multimedia technology as objects of study;

2) computer and multimedia technology as a means of representation, storage and processing of educational information;

3) computer as a means of organizing the educational student interaction;

4) computer as a means of managing educational activity of students.

In this article we are talking about moving in the study of computer science, such as databases from the use of information technology in the first direction to their use in the second, third and fourth directions.

When using multimedia in teaching the basics of databases should be keep in mind that the purpose of the relevant educational process is the familiarity with the purpose and the main components of database systems, overview of modern database management systems (DBMS) and levels of representation of the database. In most computer science courses offered to students studying hierarchical, network and relational data models.

Using multimedia technology as a means of education should be aimed at achieving the following objectives prepare students:

 - Execution of the database administrator;

 - Debugging circuits and subcircuit designed databases;

 - Select the database and application packages environment;

 - Designing the structure of the database for any subject  area;

 - Maintenance, filling, ordering and retrieval of data in the database;

 - Development of methods for maintaining the database in working condition;

 - Analysis of the operation, maintenance and modification of the database;

 - The acquisition of skills for design of project documentation databases.

Multimedia technologies provide opportunities for training in computer science, taking into account the above goals and objectives. The main advantages are:

 - Simultaneous use of multiple channels of perception in the process of learning, thus achieving the integration of information delivered in several different senses;

 - The ability to stimulate complex real experiments connected with the necessity of storage, presentation and organization of data of different types;

 - Visualization of abstract information through dynamic presentation processes;

 - The opportunity to develop cognitive structures and interpretation students, including learning material in a training context and linking educational material with the interpretation of the students;

 - Demonstration of the possibilities of databases, including visual, text, audio and video.

The use of multimedia technology can improve the efficiency of practical activity of students in the framework of creating tables and queries in the database when creating inter-table relationships and ensuring data integrity.

Such techniques are appropriate to use in the study of ways to create the database structure, building relationships, creating keys and relationships between tables, table normalization. Multimedia allow for a fresh hold classes on the creation of ER-diagrams for databases, implementation of a graphical representation of entities and relationships.

Learning the basics of databases in the course of computer science becomes more efficient when using media and even by changing the psychological and pedagogical conditions in which students work. In this regard are the following advantages of using multimedia technology in teaching students the basics of databases:

 - Visualization. Work with graphic information allows to mobilize the resources of figurative thinking, even when working with symbolic material characteristic databases and storage of information;

 - Speeding up the process of extraterritoriality concept, its materialization in a pattern or scheme in the construction or use of information systems;

- Increase obtained by computer conversions template results when dealing with the situation database;

 - Enhance capacity to implement the search action that now occur in the construction of a computer and use the sample database;

 - The opportunity to return to the intermediate stages of complex activities (using the computer's memory);

 - The possibility of simultaneous consideration of the same elements, stored in a database, from several points of view, a comparison of several variants of the conversion element.

It is necessary to say a few words about the multimedia equipment, the use of which enhances the effectiveness of teaching computer science and database systems. As a rule, the majority of teachers and students who are familiar with computers, to the number of hardware multimedia tools correctly attributed speakers, computer sound card, microphone, a special computer video camera. All these devices really are common components of multimedia equipment are fairly simple to use and have a fairly clear purpose. At the same time, from the point of view of studying the databases of much greater interest may be specialized multimedia tools, the main purpose of which - improving the effectiveness of training. These modern must first include interactive multimedia board.

These boards are a multimedia tool that, possessing all the qualities of a traditional school board, has more opportunities graphical commenting screen images. Such a tool allows you to control and monitor the work of all students at the same time, in a natural way (by increasing the flow of information is presented) to increase student workload, provide ergonomic training, create new motivational prerequisites to learning to teach, built on dialogue.

Certain requirements must meet educational and informative resources used within the framework of the application of multimedia technology in teaching students databases [2]. Creation and use of such multimedia resources should provide:

- Presentation of the descriptions of databases and their design rules in a systematic and structured manner;

 - Consideration of both retrospective and prospects generated knowledge and skills in the formation and representation of each transaction related to the creation and maintenance of databases;

 - Consideration of interdisciplinary connections course of computer science with other subjects of training of students;

 - Didactically sound sequence of presentation of teaching material and training actions;

 - Organization of a learning process in a sequence determined by the logic of training databases;

 - Ensuring communication of information to be provided by the multimedia resource to the practice of design and use of databases by choosing examples, presenting practical tasks, experiments, models of real processes and phenomena that require student interaction with the database.

It is noteworthy that the use of such means allows technology and resources more effectively show that in a wide sense, any computer program deals with some external with respect to its information code defining any parameters or mode of its operation. Such information is also referred to as program data. Using media facilitates understanding that depending on the type of problem solved problems organizing work with data are qualitatively different. In most cases, when solving business, economic and financial problems have to deal with vast specifically structured and interdependent data sets. Multimedia technology demonstrate this.

During this training, students will be able to understand that the procedure of data storage in the database should be subject to certain general principles, among which, first of all, we should highlight the integrity and consistency of the data, which are understood as the physical security of the data and prevent misuse of data, support admissible combinations of their values, protection of structural distortions and unauthorized access. Also here should include minimum data redundancy, which means that any data element to be stored in the database in a single form, thus avoiding the need for duplication of operations performed with it.

Multimedia aids can be used to explain the new material embedded learning, in-depth knowledge and skills, to find new ways and solutions, as well as self-study material.

There are several examples of using multimedia technology in teaching students the basics of databases.

The use of multimedia presentations to explain the new material.

Experience shows that such demonstration presentation used in the training of students at the time of explanation, increase interest in the material support students' attention and thus increase the efficiency of learning.

The use of data banks, multimedia information resources, multimedia encyclopedias, and other similar means, is presented in telecommunication networks.

Such use effectively on stage repetition of the material studied for a deeper and more meaningful study, create projects and reference works concerning the foundations of the design and use of databases.

The use of multimedia tools for the control of knowledge.

Such funds can be used for intermediate knowledge test (within one study course topics through databases), and for the final test of knowledge (after studying this section or the whole course of computer science). As a rule, students have a positive attitude to the tests shown by a computer, and in determining the results are no problems with biased (formal) grading. These tests, depending on the level of complexity, the number of questions, and other parameters can be used at any stage of learning the basics of creating and using databases.

Using the tools and technologies for creating hypertext and hypermedia to represent information about the features of operating with the DBMS.

This stimulates the use of multimedia learning techniques, ways of representing heterogeneous information, search and selection of the necessary multimedia material in databases and telecommunications networks.

The fundamental point in the design and practical application of multimedia resources for the system of training students in computer science is the focus of an appropriate methodology for the formation of positive motivation based on the urgent needs of the students. Only in the case of high motivation of future specialists to the use of multimedia resources possible learning outcomes targeted use of the educational potential of these resources.

Modern computer tools attract the majority of students rich colors, multimedia capabilities, operational search of their information. Search scatter is very large. The use of multimedia resources contributes to the development of the students desire to try new and new DBMS, provided that the teacher provides appropriate support.

There are many natural motivational aspects when working with multimedia resources. Almost every student there is a desire to have your own multimedia website on the Internet. Development and deployment of such a site can be based on the knowledge and skills associated with the database.

Increase the activity of students in the learning process databases and more efficient process of learning new knowledge and technological methods of operating with databases promotes the use of multimedia resources in various problem situations that require interaction with structured information. Availability and need for problem solving is also one of the reasons for students' work with multimedia resources.

The use of multimedia technologies and specially developed means of informatization of education in teaching computer science students will help to acquaint them with the functionality of the database and the general methodology of using such software in subsequent career.

REFERENCES

[1] S.G. Grigoriev, V.V. Grinshkun Informatization of Education. Fundamentals of: Textbook for students of pedagogical universities and students of further training of teachers. - Tomsk: TML-Press, 2008. – P. 45-67.

[2] V.V. Grinshkun Integrative approach to the development of educational electronic editions and resources // Herald Peoples' Friendship University. A series of "Informatization of Education." - 2005. - P. 63-70.