Amirzhan Shaltykov

 Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor

    Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty

INDUSTRIAL - INNOVATIVE POLICY AS THE MEAN TO PROVIDE THE ECONOMIC SAFETY OF THE STATE

World experience of the last decades detects that the priority of political transformations to economic reforms as a rule leads to negative consequences and increases the crisis situation in a society. We can apply to the experience of some CIS states, where political liberalization finally, has led to their disintegration and increase of negative potential of a society. On the other hand, fast rates of economy reforming when existing political system is frozen could create convey of political stability and economic acceleration, also lead to deepen objective contradiction of the last and the requirements of democratic development. Therefore the choice of certain type of economic policy, including its industrially-innovative component, can acquire crucial importance for the political regime itself, so having provided base for its stable evolution.

Interaction of state structures and business, political system from the economic one acquires the special importance and urgency in the periods of radical social, economic and political transformations. It is proved by the experience of so-called new industrial countries where shift on the rails of market economy and their prompt development have occurred at the most active participation and support of the state of their development when unprecedented strategic targets of the state forming are put. In particular it applies to industrial - innovative policy which is to provide the accelerated development of economic system. In mentioned context the situation it is possible asymmetry appearing in leveling democratization of political and economic system of the state, origin of threats in providing resistance and stability of the political system isself.

Modern Kazakhstan enters into the new phase the right to establish political mechanisms good to fulfill given tasks. By President N. Nazarbaev’s initiative the works on forming and implementing the breakthrough projects are led, the activity of the investigating institutes are directed to handling the mechanisms of their selection and effective financing.

Today to implement all program tasks on processing forces modernization and economy in the nearest 10-15 years, all citizens of Kazakhstan should be aware the fact that it will be necessary to accept new strategic decisions. So we need consolidation of political will of all society. The basic resource world economy developing is economic growth based on the applying knowledge and innovations. According to scientists’ research, the national wealth of the developed states only 5 % are natural resources, 18 % - physical capital, and the basic place - 77 % - remain knowledge and abilities to apply them (1).

For a number of years certain growth of domestic economy was observed, which all in all has proved correctness of the new course of development, suggested by President N.A.Nazarbaev, concerning forming and implementing industrial-innovative policy, carried out in the country.

Creating science proved industrial-innovative policy of the state, is aimed to expand processes of implementing scientific knowledge into innovations and production activity, it will allow Kazakhstan to perform modernization of national economy and soon to overcome consequences of a world economic crisis.

The task of public policy, which provides innovative development of the national economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan, passes to a greater extent from the purely economic to the political plane. The subjects of this policy are the government, business and science, interaction and interrelation of which are of great scientific and practical interest. This requires the development of new legal bases of these relationships, a clear definition of the roles and responsibilities of each, as well as the transparency of their activities to the civil society. The last is especially necessary for monitoring the effectiveness of the use of public funds.

     It should be emphasized that the strategy of industrial and innovation policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan has a distinct national character, and this takes into account the peculiarities of national consciousness and spiritual values. The choice of the national model of industrial development, which is to ensure that the country has established market economic mechanisms, such as the liberalization of prices and foreign trade, small-scale privatization, the introduction of the national currency, the introduction of private ownership of land, the adoption of new legal provisions of enterprise management, conducting tax reform, etc.

According to priorities of Strategy of industrially-innovative development of the Republic of Kazakhstan 2003-2015 period, scientific researches of forthcoming years will be directed on developing recourses saving and non-polluting technologies. The withdrawal from a raw orientation will be made, is raised exports of the enterprises of the industry and a production diversification, which is biotechnologies, petro chemistry developing, the nuclear technologies, new materials, agricultural goods processing. In the general system of economic relations the leading role is assigned innovative activity; as its resulting effects, efficiency increase in production, productivity of work and capital gain, volume growth of hi-tech goods, is determined the national economy sustainable development.

President of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nursultan Nazarbayev in the Strategy "Kazakhstan -2050" task of Kazakhstan joining the thirty competitive countries. One of priorities in the given activity is competition development, as basic engine of market economy, a task in view on enhancement of the antimonopoly law which should meet the requirements of the international competitive right. To increase the competitiveness it needs innovative sphere developing, having favorable environment to raise clusters, techno parks, guarantee from public authorities, and also providing interaction with other regions of our country.

Thus, it is necessary to underline that state policy mainstreams in scientific and technical sphere innovative and antimonopoly activity should become: methods and forms of the state support of subjects of innovative activity working out; setting an innovative infrastructure of specialized subjects of innovative activity of state, regional, inter-branch and branch character; founding new technological ways in basic economic branches. It is necessary to accelerate transforming the domestic enterprises activity to world standards of quality, to stimulate transfer of foreign technologies by recognizing all international conventions referring protection of property rights, patents and trademarks, to involve grants of the international organizations. The state innovative policy also involves such strategic areas as: education and trainings, public administration, competition, scientific researches, small and average business, protection of intellectual property rights, taxation and the legislative system.

Three years long the president’s program of industrialization is on in its implementation. Each year it shifts on a new qualitative level. On launched production lines they handle essentially new technologies; high labor productivity level is provided.

I the period of three years of the program of industrially-innovative development implementing, country’ Gross national product increased 20 %. Export of goods produced in 2011, the first time in history of independent Kazakhstan has exceeded 22 billion dollars, which is 85 % more than indicators of 2009 year.

During three years of industrialization 537 new industrial units are put into operation. Total output of the goods produced by mentioned enterprises was 1,4 billion Tenge. Those productions provided more than 110 thousand new work places. The program of forced development has given two time growth of volume of innovative goods up to 236 billion Tenge.

As to prospects ahead still it is a lot of work. In the Map industrialization program it is planned to construct 170 enterprises. It is expected to create more than 200 thousand new work places.

Today Kazakhstan starts to follow the new political program "Kazakhstan-2050". One of targets – to enter into number of 30 most developed countries. This purpose is real and could be performed earlier the time, specified in the strategy. It is proved by result, when Kazakhstan has managed to enter in advance into a pool of 50 developed powers. So the aims put are quite realistic, and the key role

belongs to the industrially-innovative program.

In our opinion, to perform the given policy will lead, in the final analyses, to the positioning Kazakhstan as a high technologic state.

Thus, we can conclude that the industrially-innovative policy of Kazakhstan is directed on the growth of society prosperity, on providing an effective, stable political and economic development of the Kazakhstan society.

Reference:

1. Khusainov B. Macroeconomic situation//Dynamical Kazakhstan. - Almaty: Randevue, 2007.- page 299.

2. Globalization and Formationof nationaj economy development strategies economic sciences. The state regulation of economic the necessity of constant innjyational \\Ekomika: Theory and practice problems: Articles book – Denpropetrovsk DNU, 2008. – issue.242.- pages.224-234.

3. Nazarbayev N. A. Message to the people of Kazakhstan "Strategy" Kazakhstan-2050: New political policy of the founded state ». December, 14th, 2012 the Kazakhstanskaya pravda, December 15, 2012г.

4.Prioritaten und Ausrichtung der staatlichen Zoilpolitik der Repblik Kasachstan Sozialphilosophche, politische und rechtliche der Modernisierung Kasachstans. Yerlag Dr. Koster- Berlin,2012.