Section: Systematic and
Geography of higher plants
Polypodiaceae Bercht. et J. Presi as a
new familia in the flora of Nakhchivan.
E-mail: t_talibov@mail.ru
enovruzova_32@mail.ru
In the article
informationis given about the new familia Polypodiaceae Bercht. et J. Presi
which was identified during research of ferns in Nakhchivan. Bioecological traits,
phytocenology and areals of P.vulgare L. Specie from Polypodium L. Genus of
Polypodiaceae Bercht. et J. Presi familia was shown.
Key words: Nakhchivan, ferns, Polypodiaceae Bercht. et J.
Presi, Polypodium L., P.vulgare L.,familia, specie, genus.
Nakhchivan differs from
other regions of Azerbaijan by its rich plants and biodiversity. The geographic
location and climate condition allowed formation of very rich flora and fauna.
Ferns are one of the most
important plants in Nakhchivani flora. Ferns are oldest plants developed 300
billion years ago in Devon period, appeared in the Earth when no any animal
lived here yet. 250 billion years ago, in Choacal period, when floural plants
and trees were absent, in the Earth all bogs were surrounded by dense fern
forests. That’s why Choacal period is called Ferns period as well. In the world
the sourse of chocal was fern forests. Novadays though some fern species were
survived, most species have been threatened.
There are more than 10000
species of ferns in the Earth. Ferns are found mainly in humid places and
shadowy places away from strong sun rays. Although some fern species are found
in cold zones near northern pole and in high mountains, in kind climates and
humid zones they are more typically found. Ferns creat a green taugh cover in
tropic forests. Also they grow in rock cracks, mauntains, trees, bushes, empity
grounds, but most species grow in soil. Despite growing on trees, they are not
parazits because they dont take food from trees.
Ferns are called vascular
plants as weel, because they have well developed veins inside the root, stem
and leaves to carry water and feed. As the stem is too short or lieing, these
plants look like growing right from the soil surface.
Ferns have medicine,
technical, food and decorative importance.
Actuality
of the topic: Ferns are the oldest representatives of the high sporophites. This
plants are considered to be one of the main phytocomponents in the developing
of the flora, especially forests. That’s why research of the fern species in
Nakhchivan, identification of new genus and species to inculde them in the
flora and identification of taxonomical composition is one of most important
issues.
Material
and methods: During research expeditions carried out to the different zones of
Nakhchivan, different fern species were collected. Identification and
bioecology of the collected species was based on ÀskerovA.M. “Ferns of Caucasus”, Kiseleva K.V., Mayorov S.R., Novikov V.S.
“Flora midland Russia”, “Flora Europaea, volume1: Psilotaceae to Platanaceae”.
Magnifying glass was used.
Ecological description of
the region and flora was researched on the basis of ‘Taxonomical spectr of
Nakhchivan Republic’ by A.S.Ibrahimov.
Discussion of results: So
far in Nakhchivan there was shown 10 fern species in 1 class, 4 familia, 7
genus [1 p. 20]. But as a result of scientific research leading by T.H.Talibov
starting from 2011 Pteroflora of Nakhchivan was comprehensively researched.
In 2011-2013 years
different expeditions was conducted to different regions of Nakhchivan,
different fern species were collected and identified, taxanomically analysed
and submitted to Herbarium fund of ANAS Nakhchivan branch. Das an outcome of
analisys of the rich specimen materials one new familia, 3 genus and 4 species
were identified for Nakhchivani flora.
Polypodiaceae Bercht. et J.
Presi
According to literary
datas, there are 63 genus and 1500 species of this familia. 5 species were
found in Russia, 4 species in Caucasus, 2 species in Azerbaijan [2p.46, 6
p.14].
Polypodiaceae Bercht. et J.
Presi familia is new for Nakhchivani flora. One specie of one genus was found
in this region.
Polypodium L.
The genus is new for
Nakhchivani flora. One of two species of genus in Azerbaijan was found in
Nakhchivan.
Polypodium
vulgare L.
Rhizome of the plant is
lieing, covered with dark brown. Lengh of the leaves are 10-30 sm, parted,
edges with or without teeth. There are taugh segments on it. Soruses are
without cover, bless orange coloured. Spors grow on June-July [7 p.16].
This specie was collected
on 12th of June 2013 from Kilit village, Ordubad region. Spread location
includes 1486 m???? zone in the Soyuq Dag medows forest-bushes.
N 38º91.615', EO 46º10.390'. Plant grows
between rocks surrounded by .... In the forest-bushes zone in the dominant
formation of Betula Pendula Roth, mainly Celtis
caucasica Willd., Rosa canina L.,
Jasminum fruticans L., Cotoneaster saxatilis Pojark., Lonicera iberica Bieb. are found.
Sweetroot has been newly included to the herbarium fund of Bioresurses
Institute of ANAS Nakhchivan branch.
This is a polimorphic
specie, there are 2 subspecies and some biodiversity in Azerbaijan [3,5].
Research of specimens collected from Nakhchivan shows that they belong to
P.vulgare sbspecie var.attenuatum Milde (typical for arid forest and bushes)
and more xerophytes, with Europe-Caucasus areal, litophyl P. vulgare ssp.rotundatum (Milde) A.
Askerov var. rotundatum Milde biodiversity [2,4].
References
1.
Talibov T.H., Ibrahimov A. S. Taxonomic spectrum of the flora
Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic. Nakhchivan: Ajami NPB, 2008, 364 p. (Written in
Azerbaijan)
2.
Àskerov A.M. Ferns of Caucasus. Baku: Science, 2001,244 p. (Written in Russian)
3.
Àskerov A.M. 1977. Pteridophyta of Azerbaijan. Bot. j.,1977, ¹7, ñ.
1022-1030 (Written in Russian)
4. Askerov A.M.,
BobrovA.E. Systematics of some genera of ferns Talysh. Bot. j., 1972, ¹10, p. 1296-1300 (Written in
Russian)
5.
Askerov A.M. Hymenocystis – endemic genus flora of the Caucasus. News.
AN. Az. SSR,ser.b.s., Baku,1986, ¹3, p.52-55 (Written in Russian)
6.
Kiseleva K.V., Mayorov S.R., Novikov V.S. Flora midland Russia. Moskov ZAO «Fiton+» 2010, 544p. (Written in Russian)
7.
Flora Europaea volume 1: Psilotaceae to Platanaceae. Cambridge
University press 1964, 1993, 571p.