Nurushevà GK - Senior lecturer of Otan tarikhy Kostanai State
University. A.Baitursynov
RELOCATION SLAVIC
POPULATION AND ITS SOCIAL AND CONSEQUENCES ETHNODEMOGRAPHIC IN TURGAY AREA IN
THE SECOND HALF OF XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES
Territory of Turgay
region defined administrative reforms 1868-1891 years, bordered on the north
and north -west of the river and lands Orenburg Yaik Kazakhs in the south and
south- east with the Ural region [1 , p.3 ]. Turgay region inhabited mostly Kazakh
clan associations : tabin, tama, zhagalbayly, kerderi, shekti, shomekey, Karakesek , tortkara , zhappas [2]. Expert of Kazakh life Seydalin in its report for 1892 indicated about
tribal composition of the Kazakh population counties Turgay region : "In
Iletska county Turgay region Kazakhs living generation Jeti - ru : Tama, Tabyn
and Zhagalbayly . Second place in the number of occupied alimuly (mostly shekti
and chum ) . There is a small number of tents sultans - descendants Abulhair
and Kaip” [3, s.234 ] . Russian began to appear in the
late 60s of the XIX century. In the 70-80s of them, except in strengthening
Aktyube in Iletska county, settled on the banks of the river and the lake
Hobday, Chelkar renting land from the Kazakhs. By 1 January 1886 the county had
16,111 tents, and if we start from the colonial administration adopted the
assumption that the average Kazakh family consisted of five persons, the county
population 80,555 Kazakhs shower both sexes. Russian at that time was a little
more - just 862 people [4, p.125]. The royal government believes that the most
effective way of colonization Kazakh steppe and lasting approval it orders its
relocation there is Russian and Ukrainian peasantry. It takes a number of laws
and regulations set various benefits and allowances for immigrants, travel
loans, food assistance, allocation of funds for the establishment, management,
tariff reduction by rail.
In colonization
Turgay region exerted great efforts one of the first governors of the region ,
Major General A.P.Protsenko . Aktobe city mayor V.Moschensky later wrote :
" Protsenko left behind among settlers Aktyube most cherished memory . He
was not only humane and accessible to all man, but also attentive to the needs
of taking all measures to the improvement of migrants and settlers appealed to
him as a father and mother believed it firmly , firmly [5, p.60 ]. «This mutual
love was based on the fact that Procenko forcibly sleeves local population with
ancestral lands , endowed them immigrants. In 1885 he filed to the Ministry of
Internal Affairs a request for colonization Turgai steppes. In its submission
on this issue Procenko requested permission to begin the colonization of the
steppes . In its submission on this issue Procenko requested permission to
start colonization Russian steppe settlers wishing permitted Iletska placed
into the county , and they have chosen to settle in the area on the following
conditions .
One of the
conductors of the resettlement policy of the autocracy in life is the Siberian
railway . Trans-Siberian railway , construction of which began in 1891, took
place on the territory of several counties Turgay region . Minister of
Agriculture and State Property October 17, 1897 submitted to the preparatory
committee at said Committee proposal to organize a temporary landmark Turgay
region party for procurement and replacement of resettlement sites. According
to the minister , should "make this study so that the data it could be
applied in the future , the design and the delimitation of land use in the
Russian settlements [6] ." In the future, " natural history and
statistical and economic research " was engulfed in a number of areas of
Aktobe County. The first studies were subjected parish here : Tuztobinskaya ,
Burtinskaya , Karatugayskaya , Burlin , Tereklinskaya and Araltyubinskaya .
Turgay party has completed the investigation of land Aktobe county funds to
fall in 1899 , but its outcome and methods of calculation were dissatisfied not
only Kazakhs, but also the head of the county . In a report addressed to the
military governor from September 28, 1899 , he pointed to the following facts :
- Party in the study took no administrative unit for the tent , while the
economy , so if two brothers plow the ground in one place and sown together,
and then actually harvest share between themselves , cattle have a separate ,
tents and winter , too , the research - 1 farm , and in fact there are two.
From this it follows that the number of farms less than the number of wagons
and necessary for the calculation of the amount of land under proper Kirghiz .
When working topographic not determined , even approximately , the amount of
land a comfortable and uncomfortable , as well as waterless land , so that the
surplus land , unnecessary for the Kyrgyz , the soothsayers.
Not taken into
account all driftway who occupy the vast expanse of the county. However, these
arguments Aktobe district chief were not taken into account , as well as
numerous complaints from the local population. In accordance with the
Regulations of the State Council on the control unit in the steppe regions and
the "Regulations of the Siberian railway " from June 29, 1899 was
determined by the procedure of sending migrants to Turgay region . In addition,
for areas of the Siberian railway was issued a number of additional regulations
aimed at ensuring and improving the life cometh there.
Literature:
1.Kasymbaev J.C. Cities of
East Kazakhstan region in 1961-1917 . (Socio -economic aspect ) . A.-A. , 1990
. C.3 .
2.Tillo A.A. The space and
population of Turgay region / / Izv.IRGO.1869.T.5 . ¹ 1.
3.Ryazanov A. Past of
Kyzyl-Orda ( Ak- Mosque ) . Historical Review / / Soviet Kirgiziya.1925 . ¹
5-6. P.125 -166 .
4.Historical Journal.1945 . ¹
3 . P.60 .
5.Malehonkov V.G., Tolstyh
Z.P. The emergence of the Kostanay . Kostanay , 1959 .
6. Problems of socio-economic
and ethno-demographic development of cities in Kazakhstan. Thematic collection
of scientific works of the faculty of higher educational institutions of the
Ministry of Education of the Kazakh SSR. Editorial board; Kasymbaev JC -A.-A. ,
1985 .