Moral developmentof coming generation

Чепига О.И.

старший преподаватель кафедры

философии Костанайского

государственного университета

имени А.Байтурсынова

г.Костанай, Республика Казахстан

The article deals with the question of the moral development of coming generation within the limits of general education. There is an attempt to characterize the basic concepts of "spirituality", "education of spirituality."

At the present stage of development of society problems in the spiritual sphere of man are increasing. Because of this fact one of the most important tasks of education is education of spirituality of rising generation.

 The education of spirituality of today's youth is undeniable and the most important goal of the whole society. Shortcomings and neglects in the education cause non-refundable and irreparable damage to society, so education of spirituality should be implemented as early as in the school years.

An analysis of the scientific literature shows that the concept of spirituality is integrated and multidimensional, includes such key points as identity, values, needs, ability, morality, meaningful system of ideas and values, emotional and intellectual abilities of the person, mercy and focus on the universal moral values , free will and personal responsibility for actions, life and work.

Spirituality is the core,which forms the unique human essence, it emphasizes human personality, it leads a person to harmony and a special personal identity, reflects the inner state of a person. This state is characterized by tendency to high principles and values of life, the desire for self-knowledge and self-improvement. Spirituality, describing the state of inner worldof the individual, is a set of interdependent and interacting components. These are attitude, value orientations, meanings, moral principles and attitudes of ethnic community. In this attitude spirituality is the capability of self-improvement of person. Spirituality,considered in such aspect,becomes implicitly inherent in the pedagogical process at all levels of education (from preschool to higher education), it should be formedpurposefully, it should be taught, and it is necessary to educate it. Separation of the educational functions and the education system is seen as a threat to society. Therefore, issues of spirituality needs to be given high priority. It should be mentioned that predisposition to spirituality is laid in every man a priori. It appears in man as a natural aptitude. And in order to develop a spirituality to the point where it begins to bear fruit, it takes hard working. The task of the teacher consists in help to its correct formation, development and education. Therefore, in the educational and training programs carried out by teachers in educational institutions, the formation and development of students’ spirituality, from our point of view, needs to be given high priority. Thereupon, there is an extremely complex and multifaceted challenge to educators - to create an educational system, the cornerstone of which would be to raise students' spirituality.

Spiritual education is specific, that is determined, firstly, by the presence in human nature, in his mind, in a moral sphere, not only rational, but also a set of irrational points. Spiritual values is not equal to intelligence, but it is associated with higher-order objectives, understanding of the world, the metaphysical presence of meaning in life. It is the result of a special self-knowledgeand cognition in general [2]. Moreover, the process of human vital activity is not limited by rational thinking: even cognitive process in particular is not rational, governed by the reason, but passionate search for the truth. Man experiencesthe fact, that he feels. All rethought and selected by human intelligence information that went into his inner world, necessarily turns emotional and sensual colors, becoming a personal experience.

Modern strategic concept of education rejects the view of the student as an object of "pedagogical engineering", the educator encourages to carry on an active dialogue with the pupil. In conversations, topics and dialogues about spiritualitymentoring position is unacceptable. Appeal to the phenomenon (and notion) of spirituality commits the speaker to any particular tact, modesty, his deep worship. The interpersonalcharacter of the relationship, which are based on a "dialogue", "mutual recognition of the intrinsic value of each other" enrichs members of the pedagogical process, helps to reveal their potential and enhances subjectivity of pupil.

Spiritual education is carried out primarily as a result of achieving spiritual unity, spiritual contact b/w teacher and pupil. According to V.V. Rozanov, the soul is revealed only with individual treatment to the person [8]. V.A. Suhomlinsky believed that this spiritual community appears when the teacher becomes a friend, like-minded person and companion for the child in a common effort for a long time. Recognition of each other as a friend, as a close, dear creature, which you can open your soul, sharing with him the most secret and thus attach him to your values and join to his "faith, hope, love," is education of spirituality, according to M. Kagan[4]. Relaxednessin communication makes possible the process of education of spirituality. The main requirement for the organization of educational process: it must be personality oriented. In addition, the individual spirituality is appearing in the creation of new individual meanings and appropriation of new spiritual values in a continuous process of self-creation, building themselves as moral, independent and creative personality. As long as it is always personal, individual and unique, it can not borrow or learn from others, it is necessary to support and maintain. It is formed in the process of self-building, when each person creates his own spirituality. And the main way to spirituality, in our opinion, is through education.

One of the most important criteria of spiritual education of the person is raising of spiritual and moral issues and the search for answers by personality, that is realized by discovery yourself, other people and the world. At the same time this personalunderstandingof the meaning of life is coming through hard spiritual work and spiritual activity directed at another person, and the absolute existential values. Thus, spirituality is the need of understanding of the meaning and purpose of life. Thus, based on the fact that the essence of education of spirituality is man's search for meaning in life, it makes sense to organize activities aims at students’ understanding of spiritual education as sense-creative activities. It is also important to join pupil to educator’s values, because education is not lying in sharing information about values, in its learning and in its obtrusiveness. Education is a process of acceptance of the values of society by the individual.

Literature:

1. Kagan M. S. Concerning moral sphere (Experience of categorial analysis) // philosophical issues. -1985. - #9 – p. 102.

2. Rosanov V.V. Introducing. Talking about myself. – M., 1990. – 711 p.