Hryanina Olga Viktorovna
Departament of geotechnics and road
construction
Penza State University of
Architecture and Construction, RUSSIA
REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE AERODROME TO THE
EXTENT PENZA REGION
The area for the location of the new airport of
Penza must be selected taking into account the characteristics of natural and
technical environment to ensure the stability of the territory, the integrity
of the complex of buildings, favorable condi- tions-exploitation of by limiting the change
of geological environment, as well as to maintain the normal functioning of residential
and industrial areas.
The relief of the southern part of the city, where
the old airport, is a stratal
elevated plains middle quaternary age, folded tripolis, investment rings,
overlapped
by glacial loams, alluvial clay and loam [1, 2, 3].
A similar
natural conditions characteristic
of the areas located
to the south of the city, in the vicinity of the railway station Ardym [4].
The aim engineering
research for new
area: to ensure the distance from residential and industrial arrays,
protection against noise exposure, to identify possible effects of vibration on
the base of
soils by of short high
loads at landing
aircraft, as well as the
possibility of suffusion and subsidence phenomena in the subsurface soils and
groundwater level [5, 6].
According to the plan of the city of Penza
construction of a new airport assumed to the south of the
city, in the vicinity of the railway station Ardym, 30 km south of the old
airport. One of the mandatory requirements for the placement of the airfield is
the axis of orientation runway
strip in
direction the prevailing of winds. For Penza are predominant in
winter - the southern, south-eastern direction, in the summer - the northern
and north-west. In this case, the take-off and landing area will be held to the west of
the city.
The
requirements for location of the area of airfields and possibilities the territory under
consideration:
·
the prospects for further development of the airfield complex; artificial limitation of tall
obstacles;
·
favorable soil and ground conditions - leveled with the plateau of absolutely
marks 225-250 metersfolded
by indigenous
rocks of: tripolis, investment
ring, opoka-like sandstones of paleogene strata of sand with a total capacity
up to 25-30 m; The bedrock everywhere overlapped a cloak covering loams
alluvial - delyuvialnyh of
quaternary age capacity
from 5-15 m;
·
groundwater in alluvial strata and the plateau lie at depths of 5-7 meters, pridolinnyh
areas - at a depth of 1,5-2,0 m;
·
good filtration conditions as well like short ravines and valleys creeks well-are drained
area, almost absent
water logging, the area belongs to the zone nepodtoplyaemyh; Karst rocks are not identified in dense clays no frost heave;
·
are possible minor unevenness in the relief of
at the expense
prosadochno- suffusion processes (so-called "the steppes saucers" depth of up to 0,5-1,0 m);
·
planar surface of the plateau
in the paleogene allow
to avoid significant volume of excavation; forested low, deforestation virtually
not required;
·
poluskalnyh presence of underlying rocks (sandstone, siliceous investment ring,
tripolis) allows to create
a reliable basis for airfields, creating only artificially. Dense argillaceous
detrital covering
for protection against of
surface water;
·
all draining (gravel,
shingle,
sand, crevassed
investment ring) and waterproofing
materials (moraine clays
and loams) is
possible to provide at the expense of local building materials;
·
area well endowed engineering
utilities, well-maintained automobile line,
railway, as well as local rivers and artificial reservoirs;
·
distance from recreational areas
(health centers, children's camps, pensions) exceed tens of kilometers.
Considered
by us area
meets the basic requirements for designing of airfields. In engineering geological
and hydrogeological investigations is enough to pawn singles elaboration (bore pits, wells) with laboratory
determination of physical and mechanical properties of soils., on the basis their degree to assess the suitability of area [7]. Further technical designing of the project
to carry out
step (i.e. in a single
stage). The
smooth surface of the plateau allows
to airfield device without significant volumes of excavation work at the decision
the horizontal and vertical layouts, is relatively flat surface provides the
opportunity in the future to use the automated system for take-off and landing;
the orientation of the axis of the runway from the northwest to the southeast leaves the
residential development away from harmful of the noise, of vibrating and gas impact acting the airfield complex.
Литература
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2014. № 11-1 (38).
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Н.В., Хрянина О.В., Галова Ю.С. Инженерно-геологические
свойства отложений ледникового комплекса Пензенского региона. Современные научные исследования и
инновации. 2015. № 3-1 (47).
С. 88-90.
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Н.В., Хрянина О.В., Астафьев М.В. Оценка
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инновации. 2015. № 5-1 (49).
С. 38-42.
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О.В. Инженерно-геологические условия строительства на
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инновации. 2015. № 3-2 (47).
С. 109-116.
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Г.Г., Хрянина О.В. Методы полевых испытаний грунтов. Часть V. Испытания
плоским зондом. Инженерные изыскания.
2011. № 7.
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Г.Г., Хрянина О.В. Методы полевых испытаний грунтов. Часть VI. Испытания
прессиометром. Инженерные изыскания.
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процессе проектирования на современном этапе. Вестник магистратуры.
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