Student Dedeshko D.S.
Michurinsk State Agrarian University, Russia
Communicative
function of money
Economists
discuss about monetary circulation, as a «Society blood» circulation. If in
prehistoric, during a pre-conscientious
society didn't care of monetary circulation, modern society with its sign of money isn't able to start up a monetary
system, as, however, and other market mechanisms, on drift. Modern society
needs the Central Bank to regulate the volume of monetary weight by means of
various tools3. That is why modern economists give so many efforts to the
calculation of money quantity in circulation, determination of the optimum size
of monetary weight and ways of its regulation. They belong to different schools
which argue among themselves for the right to give advice to the society
concerning the organization of its monetary circulation.
There
are two schools which have the greatest popularity: the Keynesian school and
the monetarian school. The volumes sated with schedules and formulas, in favor
of each school are written.
Keynesians
believe that it is much more important for the society to pay attention to
taxes and to the public expenditures rater
than to monetary weight. In economic language it sounds that Keynesians
give a priority fiscal, instead of monetary policy3 .
Monetarists
consider that monetary weight has a huge impact on economy: on growth rates of
production, on a rate of inflation and unemployment3.
So, considering
that a society is a great number of communicating people, in market economic
system money is the main means of communication.
The essence of money is defined by
the characteristics of their functions.
Main functions of
money are:
1.
Measure of value;
2.
Currency;
3.
Means of accumulation;
4.
Instrument of payment;
5.
World money;
As the tool, or
means, an exchange money are of interest to the person, in effect, only for the
short time. The person who wants to receive a certain sum right there to
exchange it for the necessary thing. Its purpose is goods acquisition, actually
– an exchange of the thing on others, instead of an assignment of money as
those. As a result there is a certain indifference to money, their real
contents, their appearance. The semi-used-up coins, and fragmentary, dirty,
crushed paper money are used there.
Traveling from
hand to hand, from a pocket, a purse, bags to other pockets and purses, metal
coins are even erased. Gold coins, which were also as currency are, lost,
nowadays and had to lose part of the cost because the gold coin weighing one
gram is actually twice more expensive than that in which the remained gold
half-gram, and the rest "stuck" to hands, skin of purses, a matter of
pockets, "was dissolved in air".
But also the
semi-used-up coin, for example, in one rouble, continued to circulate in the
sphere of the address along with the coin of the same name, is not yet erased.
And for that and another sold and bought goods worth one ruble is worth.
Observing such picture, people came to a conclusion that it is possible to
leave the coin name former, not to change figures which are minted, that is not
to change face value, and in the number of
gold containing it, to reduce –
for example, having added to gold any other metals or having simply reduced coin
weight.
For the sphere of
the address it is indifferent, what money in it is used – if only the identical
sum it was possible to buy equivalent goods. When performing such condition any
money remains means of exchanging goods and copes with the mission assigned to
them.
This feature of
money as tools of goods exchange created
the possibility to full-fledged money replace.
To
the most corresponding nature of money their gold form is.
By means of gold goods cost,
commodity most precisely was defined
the address had the strong base, stability, predictability.
Gold,
on the other hand was an initial form of money, it was met by people, it was
got by them. As amount of gold it was
fixed, measured in weight units, scales, weight were required economy to use
such money1.The monetary form of money changed. Gradually gold coins became to be forced out
cheaper copper, bronze, iron or consisting of various alloys.
Transformation
of metal coins into signs, symbols which can to be only representatives, substitutes
of real money, prepared transition to
paper money. With the advent of paper
money of opportunity uses of money as
those for redistribution of the income, wealth in interests of separate groups
of people considerably increase. Meanwhile one of five solutions of a problem
is creation new form of money – electronic4.
N. Luman, the German sociologist, the social philosopher
and the theorist, considers natural to believe that money was included into the
address, first of all, as a communication medium. It doesn't exclude
possibility of consideration of money as well in their classical understanding
as means of exchanging as use of money at an exchange is one of forms of
communication and it is possible only as communication. Interaction which is
studied by this communicative means (money), is, first of all, the relations of
the seller and the buyer. It means that the seller and the buyer understand
that they act is dependent. On each party of the relations know that both
parties can arrive in desirable sense. Money gives the chance to differentiate
special functional system of economy on the basis of the main operation:
monetary payment.
Therefore for the observer there is the following version of a
paradoxicality of system: the system of economy is, i.e. works if payments and
non-payments only are studied 2 .
Conclusion following: now the central problem consists in clarification
of how symbolical communications of interaction in the form of money are
connected with power interpretations. Let's review the examples:
• The seller - the buyer (payment);
• Employer worker (salary);
• Passenger conductor (ticket);
• Bank student (grant);
• Investors banks (contribution);
• Parents banks (birth grant).
These
examples confirm that money is one of fixed assets of communication. As we want
it or not, we constantly enter communication process, whether it is journey
payment in the bus or bread purchase in the shop. We constantly interact with
each other by means of money as means
of communication.
Literature
1.Архипов
Р. Я. Мировой рынок золота и его перспективы. - М.: Финансы.-2007.
2.
Попков В.В. Концептуально–теоретические основы экономического конструктивизма.
-Екатеринбург.: УМЦ УПИ.-2010. – С.30-32.
3.РепинЕ.Н.,Репина
Н.А. Деньги. Фиаско экономических объяснений.- Новокузнецк.: Изд-во ИПК.- 1997.
4. URL:
http://www.grandars.ru/student/finansy/formy-deneg.html