Sankov P.N, Tkach N.A, Bliznyuk A.N., Tyoshina L.O. Architectural and construction methods for providing acoustic safety in the residential area

*228389*

ЭКОЛОГИЯ/2.Экологические и метеорологические проблемы

больших городов и промышленных зон.

УДК 628.517.2

Ph.D., Assoc. prof. Sankov P.N, Ph.D., Assoc. prof. Tkach N.A,

Master of architecture Bliznyuk A.N., student Tyoshina L.O.

Prydniprovs’ka State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture

Architectural and construction methods for providing acoustic safety in the residential area

Relevance: in the context of the existing buildings, the issue of providing acoustic security for residential areas located in close proximity to motorways, in which noise is a harmful factor of environmental pollution is vital.

Goal: providing acoustic safety in the premises of residential buildings and on the residential areas.

The goal is achieved by solving the following tasks:

2. Determine the level of noise pollution in the residential area from vehicles using the full-scale instrumental measurements.

3. Performing an analytical review of the existing system of sanitary, technical and construction rationing in the field of noise protection in Ukraine, justification of the applicability of these norms of permissible noise for the surveyed territory.

4. Comparison of the results of full-scale instrumental measurements with the existing standard of acceptable noise and the determination of deviations from them.

5. Development of practical recommendations on noise protection of residential areas and determination of their economic value.

General part. As a research object, the building at Polya Avenue was chosen. The first echelon of development was located in the vicinity of the installed linear noise source. In this case, the linear source of noise - the motorway - Polya Avenue. The carriageway of the avenue is represented by two linear noise sources: two traffic lanes down the avenue and two traffic lanes up the avenue (in the calculation of noise for each level of development, noise characteristics of only the nearest carriageway). The construction-acoustic means, methods and data from Fig. 1 are used for ensure acoustic safety in the area under consideration. [1].

The territory of the residential building along Polya Avenue was divided into 4 sections: 1 – Pushkina Avenue- Ulyanova Street; 2 – Ulyanova Street – Orluka Avenue; 3 – Orluka Avenue – Gavrilenko Street; 4 – Gavrilenko Street – Titova Street. As a result of in-situ studies of the traffic flows characteristics in each building site, noise pollution levels from vehicles moving upwards (the linear source of noise 1) and downwards (the linear source of noise 2) are identified under this avenue. The measurements were carried out at "peak" hours, in accordance with Interstate Standard 20444-85. The noise levels at Polya Avenue are in noise pollution classes of 70-75 dBA and there is a tendency of its further growth to class 75-80 dBA.

Taking into account the provisions of the existing Sanitary Norms and State building norms of Ukraine [2, 3] under the conditions of reconstruction, the following values should be considered as normatively permissible:

а) for living rooms of apartments, for day and night time, the normatively permissible noise levels are presented below in the table 1:

Table 1

Part of day	LAeq, dBA
From 8 a.m to 10 p.m	40
From 10 p.m to 8 a.m	30

б) in areas directly adjacent to residential buildings, for day and night time, the normatively permissible noise levels are presented below in the table 2:

Table 2

Part of day	LAeq, dBA
From 8 a.m to 10 p.m	55
From 10 p.m to 8 a.m	45

Figure 1 Decreasing of the sound level on the facades of the first echelon of buildings with the increasing in the size of the contact butt zone

To achieve the norm of permissible noise in the living rooms of apartments, it is proposed to use the method - noise-proof windows as the main noise protection measure. For each first echelon building, noise levels are determined in 2 meters from the facades by means of full-scale instrumental measurements. Soundproof windows in terms of their sound-insulating capacity are divided into 5 classes: class A - soundproofing above 36 dBA, then, respectively, class B - 34-36 dBA, class C - 31-33 dBA, class D - 28-30 dBA, class E - 25- 27 dBA. Number of soundproof windows for different number floors buildings taking into account the required reduction of noise levels in residential apartments and preliminary calculation of capital costs for this noise protection measure (at a known cost of one window К_w) is presented in the table 3.

Table 3

Number of storeys	Calculation of the cost of soundproof windows for the first echelon of building at Polya Avenue
	G class		D class		Total
	∆LА w= 28 -30 dBA		∆LА окна= 25 -27 dBA
	Кw = 2800 UAH.		Кокна = 2300 UAH.
	Number of windows (Ni), th	Cost of windows, UAH	Number of windows (Ni), th	Cost of windows, UAH	Number of windows, th	Cost of windows, UAH
2	48	134400	32	73600	80	208000
3	256	716800	120	276000	376	992800
4	72	201600	316	726800	388	928400
5	1536	4300800	1956	4498800	3492	8799600
6	32	89600	60	138000	92	227600
9	67	187600	809	1860700	876	2048300
12	42	117600	462	1062600	504	1180200
Total number of soundproof windows Σ Ni, th					5808
Total cost of soundproof windows Кgen = Σ Кw х Ni, millions of UAH					14,4

Conclusions: 1. For the first echelon of buildings on Polya Avenue, it is necessary to use 2053 G-class windows and 3755 D-class windows of soundproofing class and 1111 windows of lower soundproofing class (their number and cost are not taken into account in table 3). 2. Total cost of soundproof windows К_gen = 14,4 millions of UAH.

Literature

1. Sankov P.N., Тkach N.А (2013), «Improvement of algorithm of localization of noise pollution of inhabited territories for the purpose of ensuring acoustic safety in dormitory areas of the cities», Nauchnaia diskussiia: voprosy tekhnicheskikh nauk. Materialy VIII mezhdunarodnoi zaochnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferentsii [Scientific discussion: questions of technical science. Materials VIII of the international extramural scientific and practical conference], Moscow, Russia, April 04, 2013, pp. 145 -150.

2. Sanitary norms of admissible noise in rooms of residential and public buildings and in the territory of the housing estate: SN 3077-84/ МZ USSR. It is approved 03.08.84.- М., 1984.- 24 p.

3. Protection of territories, buildings and structures from noise: DBN V.1.1 - 31: 2013. - [Effective from 2013-12-27] - K .: Minregion of Ukraine, 2014 - 54 p. - (State building regulations).