Podolskay O.A.

Yelets State Ivan Bunin University, Russia

The factors influencing deviant behavior of the teenager.

The social situation in the country, formed in connection with contradictions of modern political, economic and spiritual transformations caused strengthening of such negative tendencies, as a property inequality, complication of a criminogenic situation, strengthening of psychological disadaptation of youth, decrease in a demand of traditional cultural values deformation of family as a society cell, homelessness among minors, alcoholization and a narcotization of teenagers. The deviating behavior becomes one of actual problems of modern society.

The significant contribution to studying of deviant behavior of teenagers was made by A.G. Abrumova, Y.A. Antonyan, I.P. Bashkatov, A.A. Vdovichenko, Y.I. Gilinsky, E.V. Zmanovskaya, T.V. Ivanova, V.N. Kudryavtsev, A.E. Lichko, V.F. Pirozhkov, etc.

The deviating behavior is a result of the wrong development of the personality and a negative situation in which there was a person. Teenage age - one of crisis stages in formation of the identity of the person. It is characterized by a number of specific features. It is the age of cardinal transformations "in the sphere of consciousness, activity and the system of relationship. This stage is characterized by rapid growth of the person, organism formation in the course of puberty that has fundamental impact on psychophysiological features of the teenager. The basis of formation of new psychological and personal qualities is made by communication during different types of activity – educational, productive, creative occupations, etc.".

At this age aspirations to maturity manifestation, consciousness and self-esteem development, self-interest to the personality, to the opportunities and abilities are natural. In the absence of conditions for positive realization of the potentials the processes of self-affirmation can be shown in the distorted forms, lead to adverse reactions and consequences. The crisis periods are characterized by considerable break into mentality subconscious impulses which are difficult or impossible to supervise. It is promoted by absence of feelings of safety and comfort, violation of internal balance, increase of uneasiness and strengthening of sometimes irrational fears.

The deviating behavior of teenagers quite often serves as means of self-affirmation, expresses a protest against the reality or the seeming injustice of adults. The personality of the teenager with deviant behavior is characterized by different extent of deformation of system of internal behavioural regulation – moral values the installations of requirements. Noticeable trouble comes to light in system of the interpersonal relations in a family, school and in the street. All this testifies that the deviating behavior is the result negative general development, violation of process of socialization.

Therefore, the process of violation of socialization of minors happens when the personality experiences certain negative influences which proceed from the environment. That's why negative influence experienced by the teenager from the nearest environment can be divided into direct and indirect antisocialializing influences.

Direct antisocialializing influences of the environment are had from the nearest environment which directly shows examples of asocial behavior, antisocial orientations and beliefs when antisocial norms and values, group instructions, the behavioural regulators directed to formation of the asocial personality type work. Criminal informal teenage groups, groups of criminals, persons without certain occupations, etc. can act as such institutes of socialization. The families of asocial type where an immoral way of life, scandals, alcoholism, drug addiction of parents are normal in everyday life can play the same role.

Indirect antisocialializing influences can be caused by various factors of social and psychological and psychological and pedagogical character. So, the social and psychological factors consist in lack of necessary conditions for realization of "start" of leading mechanisms and ways of socialization by means of which there is an assimilation of life experience of the teenager.

Thus, the early prevention of offenses of minors should be considered not so much from a position of social control, but from the position of the prevention of the process of desocialization and the management of the process of socialization of teenagers that consists in neutralization both direct, and indirect influences, and also in implementation of social psychological and pedagogical maintenance measures, correction and social and psychological rehabilitation.

Such factors as: family trouble, excessive demonstration of violence on television, free sale of alcoholic drinks play an important role. One of the main reasons for emergence of crime consists in great deterioration of a social and economic situation, decrease in a standard of living of the majority of families and the following impossibility for many teenagers to satisfy the material requirements, earning money by a legal way.

By the instability in social, political and economic spheres society considerably expands a range social and pedagogical and the socio-economic factors which are actively stimulating teenage crime.

Thus, among social factors causing genesis of asocial behavior, it is possible to allocate such as:

- The individual factor operating at the level of psychological preconditions of asocial behavior which complicate social adaptation of the teenager.

- The psychological and pedagogical factor which is showed in defects of school and family education.

- The social and psychological factor opening adverse features of interaction of the teenager with the nearest environment in a family, in the street, in educational group.

- Personal factor which is shown in actively selective attitude of the individual to the preferable environment of communication, norms and values of the environment, to pedagogical influences of a family, school public.

- Social factor which is defined by social and economic living conditions of society.