Lavrinenko O.V., Candidate of Jurisprudence, Senior Lecturer, Donetsk Legal Institute of Lugansk State University of Internal Affairs of E.A. Didorenko

Law Principles as «Ideas-Kumatoidy»: Filosofsko-Legal Aspects

Results spent by the author of the given publication of researches [1-3] became the basis for following conclusions and generalisations. Today in the world there is a comprehension of the special importance of universal values and necessity of their fixing for the law that predetermines universalization legal concepts, occurrence of new legal categories. Practical value of research of universal principles of the law consists and that in many countries of the former USSR including in Ukraine, there is a construction of a lawful state and reforming of legal system according to the best world legal achievements. It is necessary to ascertain, that unification of legal ideals which become universal, has led to registration at world level of certain system of principles of the law which it is possible to name conditionally «universal», or, considering their conditionality over national level of development – «general civilisational». It is represented, that universal (general civilisational) law principles are certain «ideas-kumatoidy» (kumatoid (from Greek – the wave) means a certain sort floating object which is characterised by that can appear, be formed, and can disappear, break up. It not represents all elements simultaneously, and as though represents in their original «is sensual-supersensual» image. Feature kumatoid that it is indifferent not only to existential localisation, but also it is not rigidly adhered to the substratum – to a material, its making. Its qualities system and consequently, depend on elements entering into it, from their presence or absence and, in particular, from a trajectory of their development or behaviour. Kumatoid it is impossible to identify unequivocally with one certain quality or with a set of similar qualities, material image fixed), turned out by mankind as global civilisational system, objectively caused by needs and a level of development of a human civilisation and the best achievements embodying it in legal sphere, and partially fixed in the positive law as its universal standard bases and such which define essence and an orientation of legal regulation in any system of the national law. As original «clots of a legal matter», «clots of laws» or display of «the social capital», «the total social integrator», «the central link of the legal organisation of a legal material, some kind of «a core» legal designs», «bases which penetrate different steps and layers of a legal reality», «theoretical models of high level of generalisation», «an ideological spring», «concept which reflects an essence of historical type of the law», «reference points of formation of the law» and enriched general civilisational experience, such principles not only display available level (condition) of the law, and express the ideal made according to its needs, fix an image of to what it is necessary to aspire. And consequently universal principles determine certain tendencies, directions of conceptual development of system of the law of the certain country in a context of universal values. By the nature «the law principle», as well as other socially significant principles, is one of defining components of human ability to live. It, as the physics law, always operated, operates and will operate irrespective of will of the separate person or a society as a whole. It follows from human essence to have valuable behavioural installation, organically being intertwined for subconsciousness in system of the spiritual and physiological factors, inducing to behave definitely. It acts as a natural reference point in activity of people. The problematics of principles of the law partly is covered in its nature. As the social phenomenon a principle has the deep maintenance accumulating historical, moral, ideological, political, economic and other preconditions of its action. Without all components of essence of principles it is law it is impossible to understand and understand its especial mission. Principles display «logic of movement» various forms of human activity, law principles find «sense and a life» only in human activity.

The special attention in this context involves the thesis about influence («convergence») of principles of higher level getting into regulations located below system. The nature of norms of the labour law the numerous principles concerning various steps (express to «legal hierarchy» interbranch, branch principles of the law and principles of separate institutes of the labour law). If to speak with reference to branch of the labour law, that, in our opinion, the given most reason is today the concept which is based on the theory of delimitation (gradation, differentiation) the law principles which quintessence consists that except «law principles» it is necessary to distinguish and such category as «legal principles». Principles it is law it is necessary to deduce from the most legal matter, instead of from ideological categories. They cover all legal matter – both ideas, and norms, and relations – and give to it to logicality, sequence, equation. In law principles as if available world experience of development of the law, civilisation experience is synthesised. Law principles is some kind of «the dry rest» richest legal matter, it «an essence released from a reality». Legal principles, unlike law principles, are displayed in statutory acts in the form of «norms-principles» or in the «latent» kind when their maintenance follows from the analysis of several corresponding norms. Thus «law principles» should to be considered as primary is rather law legal and represent its essence and the maintenance, and «legal principles», – in turn, – are defined directly legal (positive, hand-written) by the law, and therefore are secondary, derivative on sense. Law principles play a role of reference points in law formation. Therefore the legal law cannot essentially recede from the settled and approved postulates general social law. The majority of them fixes the state in rules of law and they continue the regulating function already as the legal law. At the same time in it is state the organised society there are norms general social law which for various reasons «were not transplanted» to norms of the legal law, i.e. general social law does not disappear with the advent of the state and the legal law. It acts as soil, a substratum of structure and the maintenance of the legal law that is why there are bases to believe, that general social law in itself and is those principles (bases) on which the legal law as system of norms is based. Owing to resulted above circumstances, it is not divided the position of those researchers which it is direct is not divided or mediated in full or in part identify such categories as «law principles» and «legal principles».

Literature

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2. Лавріненко О.В. Місце, роль і значення принципів загальносоціального та юридичного права в структурі сучасного механізму правового регулювання // Проблеми правознавства та правоохоронної діяльності. – 2007. – №3. – С. 29–44.

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