Economic sciences / 6. Marketing and management

Doctor of Economics, professor Dinar R. Sikhimbayeva

Karaganda economic university, Kazakhstan

CONCEPTUAL APPROACH IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Economic reforms of Kazakhstan significantly changed role of the social sphere in modern economy. The market bases on the social sphere in essentially new relations with government, with the social organizations, establishments and other partners. In this regard the relations between heads of the organizations of the social sphere, including relationship between heads and subordinates, between workers changed. Therefore the role of human resources increases for the solution of production and social tasks, for achievement of strategic objectives of the organization, for increase of efficiency in modern conditions. Their value for realization of capacity of the organizations of the social sphere and ensuring its competitiveness amplifies.

Technology of management of labor relations have direct impact on social and economic efficiency of work not only the technician,. At the same technical armament of work results can significantly differ depending on level of moral development, system of material and moral encouragement of workers. It is obvious that it is impossible to achieve high economic and social efficiency of work without set of the relations in which workers are put. Therefore human resources it is necessary to approach to questions of management in a complex, considering all system of the labor relations.

The most valuable resource of any organization is its personnel, human resources. Competitiveness, profitability, income of owners of the capital – all this and many other things to a great extent depends on extent of realization of labor potential of the personnel. That to mobilize it, it is necessary to improve a control system of human resources which includes reception of workers, their adaptation, training, certification of shots, rotation of shots, their mobility, providing the favorable social and psychological atmosphere in collective, the leisure organization, development of the system of corporate privileges, etc.

In all this variety of forms of work with the personnel there is the central link on which everything depends, is a management of human resources as only in the course of work its labor potential is realized and the organization objectives are achieved. Therefore questions in management of human resources are the central link of administrative activity of any organization.

Management of human resources includes technological, economic, social, psychological, physiological factors. It becomes complicated that any organization appears as system of the cooperated work of tens, hundreds and thousands of workers which labor efforts need to be planned, coordinated, stimulated, that means necessary to operate human resources. Ensuring competitiveness and increase of efficiency of the company bases in rational and effective use of human resources.

In modern conditions the new control system of workers at which abilities of each certain worker would fully be used is necessary and would be pointed at the organization development.

Management of human resources should be considered as the complete system directed on the solution of such tasks, as operational and comprehensive satisfaction of requirements of the organization in personal with a necessary education level, qualifications, experience and length of service for more high-performance and effective work. At this stage of development the organizations which develop the strategy of the company directed on long-term and its successful survival, high-performance work, successful labor rivalry and ensuring competitiveness of the organization successfully function and develop.

Now the organizations of the social sphere are faced by a problem of development and deployment of a new control system of human resources. The developed control system of human resources in the organizations of Kazakhstan is poorly focused on effective use of labor potential. Therefore it is necessary to develop a new control system of the organization, managements of its human resources.

More and more people in the world is engaged in management, participates in management as in a main type of the activity. Management is understood as process of planning, the organization, motivation and the control, necessary to formulate and achieve the definite objectives.

Despite constant appeals to reduction of the administrative and managerial personnel, actually it increases. There is nothing dangerous if the increase in number of managers is accompanied by growth of overall performance of object of management generated by it so that the economy surpasses costs of a management personnel increment. There are some reasons of increase of volume and a variety of administrative activity, increase of its role and the staff of the persons occupied with this activity caused by this increase. First, the object of management continuously becomes complicated. The quantity and a variety of made goods and services increases, requirements to their quality raise. The range of used technologies of management extends. At the same time resource restrictions become tougher. All these circumstances lead to management complication, expansion of a circle and scales of its functions. Secondly, growth of productivity of administrative work significantly lags behind productivity growth in production of goods. Thanks to mechanization, automation, the work organization in production of goods manages to reach it growth at employment reduction. In production management use of computer, organizational equipment, the advanced information technologies too leads to labor productivity growth, but this growth doesn't block increase in volume of administrative works. Thirdly, management allocation in the independent, rather isolated sphere of activity possessing own subject, science, technical means, technology proceeds. Specific nature of work of workers participating in it, i.e. administrative work is inherent in management. Administrative work by the nature has generally information character, is connected with processing available and generation of new information. Administrative work involves statistical, scientific and technical, expected and analytical and other types of economic information. Administrative work is connected directly with personnel management.

In modern conditions of the global competition and unknown acceleration of technical progress any organization is under the constant pressure of the competitors, forcing it continuously to be improved, expand the range of rendered services, to optimize administrative processes. The modern organizations are in a condition of changes, from the speed which implementation their success in many respects depends. The key to mastering art of organizational changes, to ensuring forward development of the organization bases on effective use of human resources, liberation of creative energy of staff of the organization. At all enterprises the labor and creative potential of workers isn't used completely. In real life still there is a considerable gap between the potential of employees and extent of its use.

There are some reasons of such discrepancy:

- human resource management is still considered as purely functional area of management of the organization, poorly connected with primary activity;

- staff of departments of human resource management isn't familiar with strategy of development of the organization and isn't capable to create a control system of the people providing realization of this strategy;

- existing methods of control over the personnel lag behind tasks facing the organization, disturb development of employees and limit their contribution to achievement of the organizational purposes.

The existing personnel management system in the organization is irrational and inefficient. The new control system of workers at which each certain person could open the abilities and aim them at the development of the organization is necessary.

When forming a new control system it is necessary to be guided by the human resource management theory which represents system of knowledge of a role of a human factor in any organization. The main participant of production of management is the person. Idea of the person as the subject of economic constantly changed in process of development of society and long process of this development the concept resulted: labor and human factor.