Economic science/10. Economics of enterprise

V. P. Vlasova
Kiev state Academy of water transport
named after Hetman Petro Konashevych-Sahaidachny Kyiv, Ukraine

The mechanism of the BSEC in promoting the development of sea ports of Ukraine

The activities of the Organization of Black sea economic cooperation (BSEC) is aimed at development of transport infrastructure of the Black sea region. The volume markets of the Black sea economic cooperation is estimated at 1.6 trillion. USD, trading in the region of $ 300 billion [1, p. 105]. One of the main challenges for the Black sea region today is the practical implementation of the existing regional advantages, first of all it is necessary to form among member States of the Organization of black sea economic cooperation unified vision on the political and economic priorities and prospects of the region.

The problems of the development of the sea ports covered in the works of O.M. Kibic, I. M. Olefir, M.G. Dergausov, V.V., Zhukhareva, M.T. Primachov, A.O. Filipenko, V.V. Barishikova and others. Trends of growth in the Maritime and land transportation in the region reinforce the need for research and use of advantages of BSEC for Ukraine. After all, the total turnover of the ports of Bulgaria, Georgia, Romania, Russia in recent years has more than doubled and are 445,82 million tonnes [2] (table 1).

The study determined that the mechanisms of BSEC stimulate in sea ports of Ukraine :

1. the increase transit capacity of sea ports;

2. the increase of cargo volumes in the system of cooperation of the BSEC;

3. the ensuring environmental safety of the water area of the seas in the economic activity of the ports;

4. the modernization of infrastructure of sea ports at the expense of investment activity in the framework of BSEC. However, negative trends of systemic character at the state level to reduce the positive impact of these mechanisms.

Table 1

The cargo Turnover of sea ports and terminals of the Black sea-Azov basin

BSEC countries	Turnover, mln tons	Share of BSEC countries in total volume of freight turnover pools,%
Russia	172,8	38,8
Ukraine	155,5	34,9
Romania	45,9	10,1
Bulgaria	27	6,1
Georgia	22,2	5
Turkey	22,1	5
Moldova	0,32	0,1
Just	445,82	100

The main ones are:

1. The unresolved issues of ownership of port facilities;

2. The preservation problems of technological lag in providing major port operations, mainly through obsolescence of the port complex, the mismatch of infrastructure capacity of sea ports of Ukraine to the international standards. Given that the vast majority of sea ports of the region requires a significant investment in the development of its infrastructure and raising the technical level to ensure cargo operations, development of the prospective freight traffic, first of all containers, highly relevant for the ports is the improvement of the principles and practice of state-private partnership at the ports;

3. High tariff rates for service of container traffic in the seaports of Ukraine;

4. The unresolved issues of environmental security. Low quality of the domestic transport network, the limited speed of transit traffic.

So, the main priorities of this cooperation is the modernization of the Maritime infrastructure, fleet renewal, quality improvement of services in sea ports, improvement existing legislation on the development of the Maritime industry. Given the strong potential of ports that provide access to the international transport corridors, Ukraine has a real opportunity at the expense of participation in the BSEC increase the level of competitiveness. These goals are directly linked with a significant investment into the technological and technical equipment, modernization of ports and port infrastructure.

Literature:
1.Пріоритети розвитку морегосподарського комплексу України в умовах глобалізації : аналітична доповідь / А.О. Филипенко, В.В. Баришнікова ; за ред. А. О. Филипенка ; Регіон. філіал нац. ін-ту стратегічних. досліджень у м. Одесі. — Одеса : Фенікс, 2013. — 168

2. Все порты и терминалы Черноморско-Азовского бассейна [Electronic resource] .- Mode of access: http://portsukraine.com/node/2531