Master student M.A. Lebedeva

Vologda State University, Russian Federation

Student N.A. Lebedeva

Vologda State University, Russian Federation

SUSTAINABILITY AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BABUSHKINSKY DISTRICT AS A BALNEOLOGICAL RESORT OF THE VOLOGDA REGION

Deep, comprehensive changes in the human environment entail an increase in health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the transfer of chemicals can be a leading factor in the development of a significant number of human diseases. It was also found out that the structure of morbidity is primarily climatic conditions, as well as on the type of industry, the qualitative composition of emissions and their concentration in airspace.

The aim of this work is to study the sustainability and prospects for the development of the Babushkinsky district as one of the leading health resorts in the Vologda region.

To achieve this goal, you must perform the following tasks:

1. Conduct an assessment of the natural and climatic conditions of the area;

2. Evaluate the impact of business entities in the region;

3. Analyze the activities of health care institutions.

Babushkinsky district – the municipal district of the Vologda region, is located in the east of the area and occupies an area of 7761 square kilometers.

The relief of the area is a hilly-morainic plain. The region is partially located on the territory of the Galich Upland, the Unzha Plain and the Northern Uval hills.

On the territory of the region the climate is temperate-continental, with average January temperatures of -13 ... -15 ^оС, moderately warm, but relatively short in summer, with an average July temperature of +16 ... +17 ^оС of heat. The average annual precipitation is 550 - 650 mm [2].

Hydrographic network of the district is rare. It includes Ledenga, Yurmanga, Kema, Loimanga, Levashka, Old Totma and others rivers. Lakes – Babie, Shipunovskoye, Gorodishchenskoye, Gavrino. According to the conditions of feeding, the rivers are of the flat type with mixed atmospheric-ground feeding. The Babushkinsky district is also rich in underground mineral waters. Groundwater over most of the area lies deeper than 2 m from the surface. The area is characterized by the development of poorly water-bearing aquifers, associated with terrigenous rocks of the Upper Permian age of the Ufa and Tatar stages. The prevailing production rate of wells is 0.5 - 20 l/ sec. Specific production rate is 0.1 - 0.2 l / sec. Below are the depths of occurrence of fresh groundwater waters of high salinity calcium sulfate (dry residue 4.3 - 7.8 g / l, total hardness 27.5 - 57.6 g / eq) and sodium chloride (dry residue 18.6 - 57 g / l, hardness 68.5 - 147 mg / eq). Chloride-sodium waters are used for medicinal purposes.

The main types of soils for the region are: sandy-loamy and sandy sod-medium- and strongly podzolic and marshy. Swamp mount post signs, celebrations, high ash content and high acidity. Small ash content of peat bog soils makes it possible to use it as a fuel material.

Babushkinsky district is a forest area. Forests occupy about 68%. The main rocks are spruce, birch, pine, fir. Among the forests, spruce forests and green-pine pine forests predominate, and green-cherry trees.

In 2013, the atmospfhere of the Babushkinsky district received 175,961 tons of pollutant emissions (Figure 1a), the discharge amounted to 0.07 tons (Figure 1b), 4917.67 tons of waste were placed in the territory of the region (Figure 1c), and in 2015 the discharge was 3.64 tons, the release was 368.62, the waste - 1203.1 tons. The data allow one to judge the deterioration of the quality of atmospheric air and surface water sources.

Figure 1

When assessing the demographic situation, the mortality rates were analyzed, the dynamics of the population was characterized by a negative natural increase and one of the high weather coefficients (Table 1).

Table 2 – Demographic indicators of Babushkinsky district

Indicator	Babushkinsky district
Birth rate	144 people
Death rate	240 people
Natural increase	– 96 people

The data given that all age groups of the population of the Babushkinsky region are characterized by a lower incidence rate (Table 2).

Table 2 – Morbidity structure of Babushkinsky district`s population

Index	Babushkinsky district
Index	Rank place of sanitary and medical records	Rate of morbidity
Infant morbidity	30	low
Teenage morbidity (15 – 17 years)	31	low
Adult morbidity	29	low

When drawing up the natural characteristics of the Babushkinsky district, it was revealed that the sanatorium "Ledengsk" uses local therapeutic mud (peat) and mineral waters, including drinking water, to provide health services. Ledeng sources belong to the category of cold water table salt or brine. 17 peat deposits are located on the territory of the district, the largest of them are Gusinsky, Velikoye, Semen, Black. The sanatorium can accept up to 2500 patients annually. The effectiveness of treatment reaches 75-80%. Thus, we can say that the area is rich in recreational natural resources.

For the purposes of balneotherapy, a brine is used that is strong enough and contains iodine compounds, which is very important for medical purposes. Iodine-bromine water is very valuable. In the nature of pure iodide-benign waters practically does not exist. Iodine and bromine ions, along with other important microelements, are most often found in sodium and chloride waters, their importance can`t be overestimated, since iodine and bromine are biologically active substances (table 3).

Table 3 – Chemical analysis of Ledengsk brines

Chemical substance	Content, g/l
NaCl	41,03737
NaBr	0,02240
Al₂O₃	0,02309
FeO+Fe₂O₃	traces
CO₂	0,02428
Na₂SO₄	1,25840
CaSO₄	3,44016
MgSO₄	4,59309

Practice has established that iodide-bromine baths, by their influence on the leading physiological systems of the body, can create favorable conditions for the formation of adaptive and restorative reactions of the organism and thereby contribute to the improvement of health or recovery [6].

Thus, the low incidence rate in the Babushkinsky district, to a greater extent, is due to the natural characteristics and resources of the district. The increase in anthropogenic load obliges enterprises to strengthen the green management of production

References:

1. Prachkina, T. V. Analysis of the possibility to ensure the needs for drinking water Babuskin settlement by existing artesian wells.– [Text of report]: Vologda. – 2003.

2. The integrated territorial cadastre of natural resources in the Vologda region: stat. book/ Department of natural resources and environmental protection of Vologda region. – Vologda, 2015. – 476 p.