Chemistry and chemical technologies / 6. Organic
chemistry
UDC 541.128.66.097
Ph.D. Assilbekova AD, Ph.D. Shagraeva B.B., Aldazhumanova A.T.
International
Kazakh-turcish University H. Yasavi,
Academic Innovation University, Shymkent, Kazakhstan
Electrokinetic and catalytic
properties of copper-aluminum suspension
It is well known that the copper-aluminum alloys
/ 1 / and the powders after leaching are often used in the form of suspensions
as catalysts in the synthesis of polyols - polyols. Polyols are widely used in
chemical, food and medical industries /2/. Sugar alcohols are used in the
manufacture of confectionery, cosmetics, surface-active substances. Sugar
alcohols can be used in the manufacture of food products subjected to heat
treatment, but should be considered in the production of various food products
that they dissolve in water occurs with heat absorption. When mixing a number
of sugar alcohols observed a synergistic effect, giving rise sweet mixture. For
example, a mixture of 37% xylitol and 63% maltitol syrup used in the production
of marmalade, a mixture consisting of 40% and 60% sorbitol, xylitol, has a
sweetness equal to the sweetness of sucrose, is used in the manufacture of
chewing gum. Sorbitol is not toxic, sweet taste, does not cause rapid changes
in the amount of sugar in the blood and does not cause more insulin the
pancreas. In certain doses allowed diabetics.
Many modern technological processes in chemical, petrochemical industry,
energy sector related to the use and processing of liquid to gas, copper and
aluminum catalysts. As the copper-aluminum catalysts are frequently used metal
alloys eight groups with aluminum and metal oxide composition. These
copper-aluminum alloy catalysts are formed by the removal of inert additives
leaching of aluminum.
Selection and rational use of copper-aluminum catalysts is
only possible if there is sufficient knowledge of the mechanisms of surface
transformation. Therefore, the study of the elementary stages of the reacting
molecules and their interaction with the surface of copper-aluminum catalysts
are of great both scientific and practical interest.
Dispersed system
should be used in a reactor with intensive movement or circulation of the
catalysts. For the hydrogenation of monosaccharides have been used copper and
aluminum catalysts. It was noted that the catalytic properties of
copper-aluminum catalysts mainly depends on the composition and nature of the
initial catalyst.
In this regard,
raising the technical level and economic indicators of the production of
polyols is an urgent task today. Despite the apparent homogeneity of each grain
separately is a heterogeneous system mikroingredientov. From this position
should also consider their behavior in various chemical and catalytic
processes. Identifying common patterns will provide opportunities predict
various properties of solid sols, the synthesis or replacing them with
affordable, cost-effective components.
In the present
study, we investigated the relationship between the catalytic characteristics
and electrokinetic potential of copper-aluminum suspension. The value of the
zeta potentials of suspensions lower in aquatic than in isopropanol. For
example, for Fe zeta potential in% Cr and Cu-5 % Al), Cu-5 %suspensions of Cu - (50 water have values 22, 44 and 32 mV, and in
isopropanol, 30, 49 and 34 mV, respectively.
Suspension with a
water medium values of the zeta potential of 22 - 30 mV are prone to
hydrogenolysis reaction, and dispersed redundant system with a value of 30 to
50 mV show catalytic properties in reactions of hydrogenolysis and in the
hydrogenation.
Literature
1. Ashirov A., Isaev TA,
Birdiyarova AM, Kedelbaev B.Sh. Gilrirovanie and hydrogenolysis of
carbohydrates. Proc. Scientific and Technical. and teaching and methodical. Conf. Aktualnae problems in science,
technology, manufacturing and education, the Shymkent, 1993, v. 1, pp. 57-58.
2. Kedelbaev B.Sh. Development
of a method of synthesis of xylitol on copper catalysts. M.: 1991, 21p. Abstract of Thesis. At soisk. uch. step.
kand.him.nauk.