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Roshko N. B.
Bukovinian University, Ukraine
Green tourism in the region of Carpathians
The article is devoted topical
questions of green tourism in Ukraine.
Keywords:
green tourism, regions, hospitable farmstead, agrofarmsteads.
Introduction
Green
tourism as a type of tourism allows to get acquainted with history, religion,
culture and natural wealth of Ukraine. This tourism is useful as for
holiday-makers so for holders of rural population, for rural communities,
regions and state on the whole, it assists to development of many industries of
economy related to it that improves the living standard of peasants .
Development
of green tourism will assist the maintenance of peasantry as a transmitter of
the Ukrainian identity, culture and spirituality, it gives the additional possibilities for popularization of the
Ukrainian culture, distribution of knowledge and information about the
historical, natural, ethnographic features of Ukraine that deserves any support
from the state.
The
questions of green tourism are enclosed in labours of well-known scientists in the
fields of law, history, sociology, economy, geography by: U. Alekseeva, V.
Evdokimenko, À. Korlol, Ì. Lendela, Â. Ìiklovdu, Ì. Pityulucha,
G.Denusuka and other researchers.
Analysing
the regions of Ukraine, where the green tourism is most developed, it is
possible to make conclusion, that tourist zones and routes lead to the clean
rivers, forest arrays, seashore, mountains, lakes, and reservoirs, and also to
the architectural complexes of small cities and villages. It means that basic regions
of green tourism in Ukraine are Crimea and Carpathians. Most intensively it is developed in the region
of Carpathians, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zakarpattia, Lviv, and also in Chernivtsi
areas.
With the aim of maintenance of corresponding
quality of services in tourism and forming of its positive image at the market
of suggestions the system of categorizing rural nightresting base “the Ukrainian hospitable farmstead” is
supplied by the union of assistance of development of rural tourism in Ukraine [2]. According to its data stated
on 1 January, 2012 categorizing was
passed by 84 farmsteads from 16 areas, including those who has got a
certificate:
·
the base ( the lowest) level --
46 farmsteads
·
first level - 10
·
second level – 17
·
third (the highest) - 11
Creation
of allukrainian network of categorizing agrofarmsteads in regions
will give the possibility to provide by high-quality services for
foreign tourists, including football fans that will arrive on the match of
europian football championship in 2012. For the most of consumers a quality
mark is the highest criterion of choice of product or service, as it is a
quality guarantee.
The
union of assistance to development of rural tourism in Ukraine has
representative offices in all areas, in particular the Chernivtsi regional
department, that was founded in December, 2005, and it is registered in
December, 2006. The aim of its activity is defence of legal nationally-cultural,
creative, social, economic, legal and other general interests of the members
and assistance to development of movement
of rural green tourism. Its basic tasks are:
·
popularization of rural green tourism as to the type of resting;
·
an assistance to development of rural infrastructure;
·
learning of respect to beauty of native country, hospitable habitants of
rural locality, existent cultural and historical acquisition of the Ukrainian
people;
·
an assistance to the increase of employment of rural population.
Taking
into consideration foreign experience
in Australia, England, France, Germany and other countries, resting in a
village exists as permanent tourist suggestion for several years. It is no longer the fashion of one season, but natural
providing of tourist suggestion. In all countries rural tourism is presented
and advertised in the same way. It is possible to take any example of the domestic
promotion. In every country there is a list of criteria, that must be considered for the living standarts
of tourists in a village. Resting on farms gives an opportunity to occupy
families that render tourist services, and considerably revive the surrounding
subjects of menage by maintenance of guests, that come to the village.
More often local-authority gets benefits from such activity and helps
to develop the rural tourism on the territory. In some countries green tourism
and agrotourism are examined practically
as synonyms within one direction of
tourist industry, for example, Turismo Rural in Spain or Agroturism on Cyprus.
In other countries the combination of rural and ecological tourism is put into
one type package tourservices ( for example, in Italy this direction is called
as "Nature and health").
On the
other hand, in many countries the “unecological” ways of spending leisure time is put into the package of
product of green tourism. Formally, if the package of services of rural tourism
includes hunting, fishing and even
catching butterflies, it can not be attributed to ecological tourism. However
Hungary and Poland successfully practice just the same combination of residence
in rural locality( rural tourism) with a hunt and fishing During an orientation
on incoming( foreign) tourism such package of services gives a considerable
economic effect. So looking at this
market from such point of view, only in
the USA solvent demand on a hunt, on some estimations USD makes 160 millions in
a year( thus greater part is spent on safaris-tours in Africa). However, not in
all countries the conception of green tourism means the possibility of hunting
in packages of tourservices.
The
experience of direct europian neighbours of Ukraine as Hungary, Romania and
Russia should be also studied. In recent years rural tourism in Hungary
develops extremely rapidly. Main tourist treasures are wonderful landscape,
traditional architecture and wine. In Romania the interests of the àgrodwellings proprietors are represented by ANTREC
-national association of rural, ecological and cultural tourism.. Rural tourism
develops in this country, foremost, in South Carpathians oriented on the same
advantages, that and in Ukraine, it means: the maintenance of natural
environment and åthnocultural traditions ( ceremonies, customs, folk-crafts, sheep
breeding on the mountain valleys of Carpathians, gastronomic traditions, unique
folk architecture, mountain castles, skiing resorts, network of the naturally-protected
territories).
Rural
tourism in Russia is quite young direction of the tourism development. This type of resting is not so
popular among Russians such as abroad. Rural tourism actively develops on Altai, in the Kaliningrad, Leningrad and
Pskovsk areas in the Krasnodar. The specialists of tourist business forecast
intensive development of rural tourism, with enormous resources of Russia.
Experience
of Russia must be taken into consideration also on the territory of Ukraine. In
particular the national association of rural tourism ( NART) of Russia made a
holiday of the rural tourism in June 2012, wich contai a festival with the aim
of realization of the business program and popularization of this type of
tourism in a country. According to the forcasts of (NART) over the latest 5 years
the condition of rural green tourism will change and this will be the most popular type of rest for
families with children. So the aim of green tourism is the creation of the
comfortable family comfort on available prices [1].
Development of
green tourism has serious influence on the infrastructure of environment,
namely:
· requirement of a transport
connection between settlements;
· creation of places for spending of active rest;
· creation of the specific
services counted on giving services of
different occasions;
· necessity of various
establishments of public food consumption.
Green
tourism in the regions of Ukraine is possible only by the public authorities
support on places and usually active position of population. However there is a
row of factors that stop development of such profitable type of tourism on
territory of perspective regions, namely:
· unstable political
and economical situation in a country, that is important for foreign tourists;
· absence of models
of development of green tourism on
places;
· infrastructure and
communications that are not of the proper level;
· absence of training
of the staf for such specific type of tourism;
· absence
advertisement informative program that would encourage tourists to the visit of
our countries.
Conclusions
For the
region of Carpathians of Ukraine the development of green tourism is a means of
enhancing the prestige of rural locality not only for tourism but also as for a
place of permanent residence. Ukrainians are sure that it is profitable
business, that can involve a considerable part of rural population into farming
or other type of activity.
References:
1.
Ñàéò Íàöèîíàëüíîé àñîöèàöèè îðãàíèçàöèé ñåëüñêîãî çåëåíîãî òóðèçìà http://naturs.ru/.
2.
Ñàéò ѳëüñüêèé çåëåíèé òóðèçì
ñï³ëêà ñïðèÿííÿ ðîçâèòêó ñ³ëüñüêîãî çåëåíîãî òóðèçìó â Óêðà¿í³ http://www.greentour.com.ua/ukrainian.