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Roshko N. B.

Bukovinian University, Ukraine

 

Green tourism in the region of Carpathians

 

The article is devoted topical questions of green tourism in Ukraine.

 

Keywords: green tourism, regions, hospitable farmstead, agrofarmsteads. 

 

Introduction

Green tourism as a type of tourism allows to get acquainted with history, religion, culture and natural wealth of Ukraine. This tourism is useful as for holiday-makers so for holders of rural population, for rural communities, regions and state on the whole, it assists to development of many industries of economy related to it that improves the living standard of peasants .

Development of green tourism will assist the maintenance of peasantry as a transmitter of the Ukrainian identity, culture and spirituality,  it gives the additional possibilities for popularization of the Ukrainian culture, distribution of knowledge and information about the historical, natural, ethnographic features of Ukraine that deserves any support from  the state.

 

The questions of green tourism are enclosed in labours of well-known scientists in the fields of law, history, sociology, economy, geography by: U. Alekseeva, V. Evdokimenko, À. Korlol, Ì. Lendela, Â. Ìiklovdu, Ì. Pityulucha, G.Denusuka and other researchers.

Analysing the regions of Ukraine, where the green tourism is most developed, it is possible to make conclusion, that tourist zones and routes lead to the clean rivers, forest arrays, seashore, mountains, lakes, and reservoirs, and also to the architectural complexes of small cities and villages. It means that basic regions of green tourism in Ukraine are Crimea and Carpathians.  Most intensively it is developed in the region of Carpathians, Ivano-Frankivsk, Zakarpattia, Lviv, and also in Chernivtsi areas.

 With the aim of maintenance of corresponding quality of services in tourism and forming of its positive image at the market of suggestions the system of categorizing rural nightresting base  “the Ukrainian hospitable farmstead” is supplied by the union of assistance of development of rural tourism in Ukraine [2]. According to its data stated on 1 January, 2012  categorizing was passed by 84 farmsteads from 16 areas, including those who has got a certificate:

·         the base ( the lowest) level -- 46 farmsteads

·         first level - 10

·         second level – 17

·         third (the highest) - 11

Creation of allukrainian network of categorizing agrofarmsteads  in regions  will give the possibility to provide by high-quality services for foreign tourists, including football fans that will arrive on the match of europian football championship in 2012. For the most of consumers a quality mark is the highest criterion of choice of product or service, as it is a quality guarantee.

The union of assistance to development of rural tourism in Ukraine has representative offices in all areas, in particular the Chernivtsi regional department, that was founded in December, 2005, and it is registered in December, 2006. The aim of its activity is defence of legal nationally-cultural, creative, social, economic, legal and other general interests of the members and assistance to development of movement  of rural green tourism. Its basic tasks are:

·              popularization of rural green tourism as to the type of resting;

·              an assistance to development of rural infrastructure;

·              learning of respect to beauty of native country, hospitable habitants of rural locality, existent cultural and historical acquisition of the Ukrainian people;

·              an assistance to the increase of employment of rural population.

Taking into consideration  foreign experience in Australia, England, France, Germany and other countries, resting in a village exists as permanent tourist suggestion for several years. It is  no longer the fashion of one season, but natural providing of tourist suggestion. In all countries rural tourism is presented and advertised in the same way. It is possible to take any example of the domestic promotion. In every country there is a list of criteria, that  must be considered for the living standarts of tourists in a village. Resting on farms gives an opportunity to occupy families that render tourist services, and considerably revive the surrounding subjects of menage by maintenance of guests, that come to the village.

 More often local-authority  gets benefits from such activity and helps to develop the rural tourism on the territory. In some countries green tourism and agrotourism  are examined practically as synonyms within  one direction of tourist industry, for example, Turismo Rural in Spain or Agroturism on Cyprus. In other countries the combination of rural and ecological tourism is put into one type package tourservices ( for example, in Italy this direction is called as  "Nature and health").

On the other hand, in many countries the “unecological” ways of spending  leisure time is put into the package of product of green tourism. Formally, if the package of services of rural tourism includes  hunting, fishing and even catching butterflies, it can not be attributed to ecological tourism. However Hungary and Poland successfully practice just the same combination of residence in rural locality( rural tourism) with a hunt and fishing During an orientation on incoming( foreign) tourism such package of services gives a considerable economic effect. So looking  at this market from such point of view,  only in the USA solvent demand on a hunt, on some estimations USD makes 160 millions in a year( thus greater part is spent on safaris-tours in Africa). However, not in all countries the conception of green tourism means the possibility of hunting in packages of tourservices.

The experience of direct europian neighbours of Ukraine as Hungary, Romania and Russia should be also studied. In recent years rural tourism in Hungary develops extremely rapidly. Main tourist treasures are wonderful landscape, traditional architecture and wine. In Romania the interests of the àgrodwellings proprietors are represented by ANTREC -national association of rural, ecological and cultural tourism.. Rural tourism develops in this country, foremost, in South Carpathians oriented on the same advantages, that and in Ukraine, it means: the maintenance of natural environment and åthnocultural traditions  ( ceremonies, customs, folk-crafts, sheep breeding on the mountain valleys of Carpathians, gastronomic traditions, unique folk architecture, mountain castles, skiing resorts, network of the naturally-protected territories). 

Rural tourism in Russia is quite young direction of the tourism  development. This type of resting is not so popular among Russians such as abroad. Rural tourism  actively develops on Altai, in the Kaliningrad, Leningrad and Pskovsk areas in the Krasnodar. The specialists of tourist business forecast intensive development of rural tourism, with enormous resources of Russia.

Experience of Russia must be taken into consideration also on the territory of Ukraine. In particular the national association of rural tourism ( NART) of Russia made a holiday of the rural tourism in June 2012, wich contai a festival with the aim of realization of the business program and popularization of this type of tourism in a country. According to the forcasts of (NART) over the latest 5 years the condition of rural green tourism  will change and this will be the most popular type of rest for families with children. So the aim of green tourism is the creation of the comfortable family comfort on available prices [1].

 Development of green tourism has serious influence on the infrastructure of environment, namely:

· requirement of a transport connection between settlements;

· creation of places  for spending of active rest;

· creation of the specific services counted on giving  services of different occasions;

· necessity of various establishments of public food consumption.

Green tourism in the regions of Ukraine is possible only by the public authorities support on places and usually active position of population. However there is a row of factors that stop development of such profitable type of tourism on territory of perspective regions, namely:  

·  unstable political and economical situation in a country, that is important for foreign tourists;

·  absence of models of development of green tourism  on places;

·  infrastructure and communications that are not of the proper level;

·  absence of training of the staf for such specific type of tourism;

·  absence advertisement informative program that would encourage tourists to the visit of our countries.

Conclusions

For the region of Carpathians of Ukraine the development of green tourism is a means of enhancing the prestige of rural locality not only for tourism but also as for a place of permanent residence. Ukrainians are sure that it is profitable business, that can involve a considerable part of rural population into farming or other type of activity.

References:

1.     Ñàéò Íàöèîíàëüíîé àñîöèàöèè îðãàíèçàöèé ñåëüñêîãî çåëåíîãî òóðèçìà http://naturs.ru/.

2.     Ñàéò ѳëüñüêèé çåëåíèé òóðèçì  ñï³ëêà ñïðèÿííÿ ðîçâèòêó ñ³ëüñüêîãî çåëåíîãî òóðèçìó â Óêðà¿í³ http://www.greentour.com.ua/ukrainian.