3. History of science and technique
T.R. Hryshchenko
Ph.D
in History, Head of the
Sector of Science Center for History of Agrarian Science
National Scientific Agricultural
Library of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences
BRANCH PERIODICAL JOURNALS AS THE
POWERFUL INFORMATIONAL SOURCE OF SCIENTIFICALLY-ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITY OF
AGRICULTURAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE OF UKRAINE IN 1918–1927
The problem of
the place and role of periodicals in the scientific and organizational support
for the agricultural sector of Ukraine is complex and multifaceted. At each
stage of socio-historical process periodicals covering not only scientific
knowledge, but also served as their promoter.
Agricultural
journals attracted attention in many aspects – bibliographic, source,
historical and scientific. In the 20–30-ies of XX century pawned network
management of agriculture and science , research institutions, and
organizations , as well as the formation of the periodical industry in Ukraine
.
The study of
Ukrainian periodicals in this period involved L. Bykovskiy,
V. Ihnatiyenko, V. Ilinskiy, P. Zlenko, D. Lysychenko,
J. Mezhenko, M. Saharda et al.
Today the saved
source periodicals can be in many cases the only means of reconstruction and
in-depth study of complex unexplored individual stages of development of
agricultural science and research affairs. Periodicals marked multilateralism
play significant events and information saturation.
Historians are
increasingly turning to periodicals – scientific, industry, science-fiction,
general. The process of rethinking historical events, returning the names
undeservedly forgotten scientists legacy which has remained largely reflected
only in the pages of periodicals. First and foremost among them should be
called victims of the repression in the period, who worked in the Agricultural
Scientific Committee of Ukraine – O. Vanheym, M. Wolf,
E. Oppokov and so on.
Advances in
various fields of agriculture, communications and the life sciences, and other
issues and problems found in the pages of bright lighting periodicals. Journals
in hot pursuit reflect reality and are an effective means of scientific
communication, significantly contributing to the rise of agricultural science.
Over time they have become a powerful source of more or less accurate, but the
actual day – specific information on a wide variety of events. Some materials
are preserved only in the pages of periodicals, which undoubtedly is an
important scientific fact.
The first attempt
to coordinate research activities of state, public and private institutions in
agriculture was conducted in 1918 with the organization in Kiev Agricultural
Scientific Committee of Ukraine, which became the highest nationwide
agricultural research organization in almost all areas created his cell.
During the 20-
ies of XX century marked burst of scientific creativity and left for posterity
outstanding achievements and discoveries in the field of agriculture and
related sciences. At this time powerful galaxy of eminent scientists Ukraine,
most of which formed in the best traditions of the imperial epoch:
A. Bychyhin, D. Vilensky, E. Votchal, K. Giedroyc,
A. Dushechkin , E. Zaslavsky, M. Egorov , B. Yenken,
I. Ivanov, M. Kulishov , G. Makhov , B. Rozhestvensky,
V Sazanov, A. Sapyehin , A. Sokolowski , V. Tayirove,
G. Tanfilev, A. Yanata and many others.
According to the
Committee of the Press in the late twenties years of last century in USSR there
were 21 publishers, representing more than 98% of books and 12 small printers
(Publishing Department agencies and academic institutions). Formation planned
system of agricultural publications mainly concentrated in institutions:
Publications Department of Land Affairs of the People's Commissariat of the
USSR, Agricultural Scientific Committee of Ukraine and the State Publishing
House of Ukraine. Currently, there are major central journals: “Journal of
Agricultural Sciences”, “Agricultural Experimental Deed”, “Agronomy”, “Soviet
Peasant”, “Young Researcher” and others, the value of which is difficult to
overestimate today.
In the twenties years of
last century Agricultural Scientific Committee of Ukraine played a significant
role in the revival of publishing. The research work was crucial institutions
with a hard period of the state of new social and political order. Committee on
the first day of its foundation paid much attention to the spread of
agricultural knowledge print media and their conservation. Agricultural Scientific Committee of Ukraine together with research
stations (the Commissariat institutions USSR) gave 85% of all agricultural
scientific publications.
Bibliographic Bureau and Population Section at Agricultural Scientific Committee of Ukraine performed work on the
collection, preservation in the Library Committee and the sectored distribution
of knowledge. It is said that created the Central Agricultural Library of Agricultural Scientific Committee of Ukraine in Kiev, which had more
than 100,000 titles, and the library at Agricultural
Scientific Committee of Ukraine Commissariat which had more than 30,000 titles. According
to our calculations, during 1918–1927 periodic heritage of Agricultural Scientific Committee of Ukraine has more than 25
publications.
In conclusion, it should be noted that out of
the journals as an effective living cell exchange of information on science and
research branch of the case, a variety of scientific developments and powerful
tools for science popularization paid considerable attention from leading
national coordinating center of Agricultural Scientific
Committee of Ukraine.
It made a significant contribution to the national agricultural science and
research deed and development of agricultural publishing.
Branch periodical journals at the beginning of
the XX century were not only a reflection of the life of agricultural science
and its consequences, but also a powerful factor in the establishment and
progressive development of the science.