nutritional status in
rowers
Rilova N., Samoilov A., Khafizova G., Mustafina, L., Almetova R.
Volga Region
State Academy of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, Kazan
Center of Sports Medicine FMBA of
Russia, Moscow
Kazan State Medical University,
Kazan
Introduction
The improvement of
athletic performance and the level of adaptation to physical performance are
provided with the control of the body weight and composition and range of biochemical parameters (Banfi G, 2012). This study aimed to analyze the nutritional status, body
composition, as well as the hormonal and lipid profiles of Russian rowers.
Methods
Twenty Russian sub-elite rowers (15 males and 5
females; aged 20.8±2.0) were examined with professional body composition
analyzer Tanita MC-980 (Japan), blood tests and questionnaire survey.
Results
Analysis of the
questionnaires revealed that 65% of athletes had balanced and complete diet, 35% of
athletes have pointed to the lack of dietary fiber and protein products. Seventy percent of the
athletes took food 3-4 times a day, 10% - only 2 times a day. Thirty five
percent of respondents completely avoided fizzy drinks, 35% of athletes
consumed them about once a week, 20% - once a month, and 10% - 1-2 times a
year. It was established that 20% of the athletes had chronic gastritis, and 5%
- gastric ulcer in their
past medical history.
Lean body mass in
males and females was 67.09±7.5%
and 52.95±3.11%, respectively; proportion of body fat in males and
females was 10.65±4.55%
and 23.18±4.24%, respectively. Furthermore, basal metabolism rate (2063±270.2
vs. 1637±59.31 kcal) and total body water (64.5±2.71 vs. 55.35±2.53%) was larger in males than in female athletes.
Analysis of lipid profile of
rowers: the average concentration of the total cholesterol was 4.13±0.64
mmol/l, low-density lipoproteins - 2.49±0.47 mmol/l. The average value of the
high-density lipoproteins was 1.27±0.23 mmol/l, indicating that rowers had
reduced levels of the HDL in comparison with the reference ranges (normal range > 1.55 mmol/l).
Analysis of the hormonal profile
of female athletes showed appropriate levels of all hormones with reference ranges (cortisol 360.8±68.75
nmol/l, total testosterone 1.54±0.44 nmol/L and free testosterone 0.99 (0.41-3.
92) pg/ml). had The mean values of cortisol, total testosterone
and free testosterone in males was 458.8±151.4 nmol/L, 19.56±5.98 nmol/l, and
13.5 (5.04 -57.85) pg/ml, respectively.
Discussion
In conclusion, our study revealed
that rowers had significant nutritional deficiencies. A reduction in the level
of high-density lipoproteins in the blood serum of the majority of athletes was
determined. It is important to emphasize that the changes in lipid and hormonal
profiles were primarily found in male athletes.
References
Banfi G, Colombini A, Lombardi G, Lubkowska A. Metabolic markers in sports
medicine. Adv Clin Chem. 2012