Павлетенко Елизавета Александровна
Место учёбы: магистратура
Место работы: АДиТ «Сымбат»
Тема:
Методические
основы воспитательного процесса
Relevance ethno pedagogy and ethnic psychology at the present stage.
The problem of the
formation of highly cultured and moral personality that respects not only
themselves, but first and foremost a society in which it is brought up - that's
one of the most important and significant problems of the state. Analyzing the behavior of
young people, their style attitudes and behaviors, we can conclude that the
particular moral and cultural consciousness of the individual largely depend on
the personality and values sought by society at a certain historical stage of
development.
With this in mind,
you can generate a number of problems of education, resulting from the pressing
problems of society, which imposes certain requirements for education, forcing
a fresh look at the purpose, content and means of building an ethical culture
of an individual.
Why is it now so
much attention, money and effort on this particular issue, a spiritual and
moral improvement of society?
Watching with the
development of our modern society, we come to a disappointing conclusion that
the XXI century is surprising the world with their technological advancements
and innovations going off beyond the understanding of the human mind, but at
the same time, this same century has brought unprecedented disaster to mankind
and suffering that had led to uncountable victims. Many of the conflicts that have caused wars and
large-scale terrorism, were openly national flavor. One gets the impression that humanity seeks to fill
the world with automated creatures, destroying their own kind, because one of
the priority directions of science and technology is the creation of modern
technologies, carrying destruction and death. People no longer understand and respect each other,
they don’t want to see the universal ideals and values. The good news is that, despite this, there are those
who do care about the future of our
world as a whole, not just within one state or country! These representatives of the human community are looking for peace and understanding,
they want to see the beauty, love and be loved, to realize their creative
potential, learn about the world and improve it for the benefit of future
generations. But this requires
peace and fellowship of all earthlings. That's why the first decade of the XXI century was
declared UNESCO Decade for a Culture of Peace and Nonviolence.
To bring peace to
the Earth means to bring up in each of us is not only racial, interfaith and
interethnic tolerance, but genuine interest in the culture of all peoples of
the Earth, respect for the history of ancestors, respect for the moral precepts
that are available absolutely for any nation. If you analyze why is it that modern humans moved away
from the worship of moral values of its people, a number of reasons can be called that contributed to it: the
general urbanization, fragmentation of the family, socio-political events that
have occurred in several States, and entailed a complete change of civic
consciousness .
For a number of
states at the post-Soviet space, such an event was the Revolution of 1917, when
the emphasis was placed on the formation of a new «Soviet» ethnic group, without
any national ethnic and cultural interests. That, in turn, bound to affect the formation of
personal conscience, which we can now observe in today's youth. We’re missing
the old values and new have not been accumulated. Methods of ethno pedagogy and ethno-psychology
should be used in education and training, as ethno pedagogy is a science that
combines empirical information on the education of the younger generation, and
ethnic psychology is the science that studies the originality of expression and
the functioning of the psyche of various ethnic communities.
Speaking of that,
we can say that an ethical culture is an integral part of the cultural heritage
of the value of society.
The
question of human culture originates in moral issues, because the ability of
human society to live in accordance with the laws of goodness and justice is
the main part of personal and social culture of the people. There are simple laws of
morality that need to comprehend and
help people understand these two sciences, because when a man knows where he
has came from when he knows the story of not only his family but also people in
general, it can protect him from committing those acts, which then would be
regretted. Ethno pedagogy is a
scientific view on the phenomenon of education and examines the social and
educational processes, relationships, cooperation, mutual pedagogy with the
cultural traditions of the people. Despite
the fact that this is quite a young science, it has been able to recommend
itself, being actually a part of spiritual culture, which forms the basis of
ethics and morality. Surprisingly, the
principles of ethno pedagogy on all continents and for all races and peoples
have much in common, since they stem from common human values. It is so important to know for
each of us in the age of ethnic conflict and moral impoverishment and revision
of spiritual values. That is why the
education system have set new goals. One
of them is the need to develop new educational concept, which should reflect various ethnic cultures, values,
social norms, languages, historical memory, religions, notions of homeland,
national and professional arts, and much more. In addition, there is a need to formulate a national
idea of education, open model of moral, tolerant personality in a multiethnic,
multicultural country. Such stringent
requirements are not accidentally imposed on the education sector . It
is up to teachers on what kind of
society we will get tomorrow. When
a child at school or a student (later) in post-secondary or higher education
institution, hears and learns from his teachers about what was the history of
his people, what moral and cultural values have been in its history, he begins
to position himself not only as a specific person, but as a part of something -
something large-scale, entitled «Ethnos», and it already imposes on him a
completely different responsibility than just a teenager out of a class or
group. The study of ethnic
identity as the basis for the formation of a moral person should begin with the
study of culture of peoples in general and its components. At the present stage, no one
doubts the fact that a fundamental element of ethnic differences in mentality
is culture. Therefore, for the
study of ethnic cultures it is necessary not only learning the traditional, the
historical concept of a national culture, it is important to take into account
the current state, the modern reality of ethnic groups. Social transformation in our society have led to the
revision of the spiritual principles and norms of human activity. In this connection, the
problem of the relation of universal and national priorities, has attracted the
attention of local religious leaders and educators. A small, but significant victory over the backwardness
of the society of national identity, the instability of national self-esteem is
that people no longer hesitate talking about their national customs and
traditions, trying to observe them, revive their native languages, speak openly
about their faith and visit religious institutions. Search constructive mechanisms of tolerance unity of
human communities, their mutual understanding and cooperation, overcoming the
confrontation and hostility of nations and states because of their
national-ethnic, religious, political, and economic differences,
incompatibility of values in life, philosophical, moral, mental priority -
is there anything more important than this for modern
civilization ? Ethno psychological
knowledge helps understanding of people from different social and cultural
systems, and therefore, helps to settle this important task facing humanity -
the problem of its survival. The assertion of ethno-cultural approach, aimed at the organization of
education and educational sectors in a spirit of national traditions with the
experience of other countries is in processs now. National education component enhances the role
of educational institutions in the development of ethnic culture and
consciousness among the new generations. Therefore, one of the most important problems in
modern conditions is the development of the individual to spiritual and moral
basis of human values, taking into account national traditions and ideals,
developing a culture of national identity and international relations.
The most reliable
acquaintance with any of the people is awareness of the educational system of
this nation. At this stage ethno
pedagogy and ethnic psychology continues to be one of the main, constructive,
creative forces in the spiritual life of nations. These sciences are developed with the participation of
all sectors of the people. They rely on the creative autonomy of each person. Etnopedagogical analysis of
daily data, as well as works of literature, painting, cinema, music, etc. has
great importance for the exploration, development, research and application of
traditional culture and upbringing
And in conclusion I
would like to quote a well-known Kazakh poet and educator Abay:
«Remember, my son,
who you auxiliary,
Remember, my son,
who is the wisdom of the land donated,
Pitiful is the shy,
wise old man,
Who does not
remember, does not honor the covenants of the Father»