Экономические
науки/5.Управление трудовыми ресурсами
Klokar O.O.
Doctor of economics, associate professor
Professor of the Department of Accounting,
Audit and Finance
Private higher education institution "University of Economics and
Business"
Financial
stimulation of the competitiveness of miners
The
formation of high-tech
production in Ukraine, effective implementation of reforms to this end,
increase in gross domestic product and real incomes of citizens is
only possible under the condition of high-quality financial stimulation of the competitiveness of workers, above all, in the
mining industry. Howeverthe lack of an effective program for the development of
this industry and inhibition of its socio-economic reforms has negatively
affected the attitude towards
the work by
miners and the quality of development of the mining industry as a whole. Thus,
in 2014-2015, the number of registered unemployed in this industry
exceeded other sectors
in Ukraine by 4 times. At the
same time, the profitability of operational activity of industrial companies in Ukraine for the above period decreased more than twice and amounted to less than 1% [1]. This situation destabilizes the
industrial and economic security of the country,
as well as the supply and demand of the labor market in this field.
Taking
into account urgency and lack of solution for the aforementioned problem, the main goal of this study is to characterize financial stimulation of the competitiveness of miners. To achieve this goal, we have identified the
following main tasks: to form an apparatus of categories on the interpretation of the essence of the workers’ competitiveness in the mining industry; to identify and characterize the main stages of financial support for the
competitiveness of workers in this field; to propose measures for the effective implementation of
the above-mentioned stages.
As a result of the analysis, we have established that
there are different approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the
competitiveness of workers in the mining industry. They are similar to each
other and differ only in separate constituents. Thus, within this category most scholars understand the ability of a
specialist to fully realize his right to work in the economic entity of the
mining industry and receive appropriate remuneration for it [2-5].
Taking into account the interpretation of the
socio-economic category described above, we have identified the main stages of
financial support for the competitiveness of the mining industry (Figure).
Approbation and theoretical assessment of
the developed concepts and models for increasing financial support for
the mining industry's competitiveness
Figure. Main stages of financial support for the competitiveness of mining workers *
*By Author.
We believe that the proposed comprehensive methodological approach towards financial support for the competitiveness of mining workers will help identify its most important components and develop effective measures for their improvement.
In our opinion, the formation of a long-term strategy for financing the development of human resources capacity of the mining industry is an equally important stage in providing financial support towards miners' competitiveness. Thus, it should ensure the implementation of the following measures at the expense of public and private institutions at the macro and micro levels:
- financing the
development and implementation of a comprehensive state program of employment
of depressed regions and unprofitable sectors of the economy (identification of
priority areas for training, and retraining of future and current workers in the
mining industry);
- financing of the
employment system by the state or private mining companies (with partially jobs guaranteed by
the state)
(allocation of state funds for employment of the population in the relevant
economic entities);
- financing and
formation of a state order for the training of future mining specialists,
taking into account the state and prospects of the labor market in this area
(reduction of ineffective state expenditures for the training of specialists
for which there is no demand in the labor market and directing these funds towards support of
employment and increase of incomes of mining employees);
- financing the improvement of qualification of
miners in modern domestic and foreign technologically equipped enterprises,
institutions and organizations (competitive selection of the best experts in the mining industry
and payment of their internships in the respective economic entities);
- financing of the
system of re-training of workers in the mining industry in
relation to this field (related to this field may be any specialisation related to work in
heavy industry and the processing industry);
- financing a program of
employment of disabled people with occupational diseases obtained as a result of work
in this area (preferential taxation of economic entities employing this
category of population);
- privileged income taxation for employees of
unprofitable mining companies (granting of tax privileges on personal income, a
single social contribution, value added tax, corporate income tax, etc.), etc.
We believe that all the above measures will
not only increase the competitiveness of the miners, but will also contribute
to their effective employment in this area and the improvement of welfare in
general. They can also be used as proposals
for the effective implementation of financial support measures for the
competitiveness of mining workers.
Literature
1. Statistical Yearbook of Ukraine for 2015. – Kiev: Government service of statistics of Ukraine, 2016. – 575 p.
2. Cardoso A. Behind the life cycle of coal:
Socio-environmental liabilities of coal mining in Cesar, Colombia [Text] / A.
Cardoso // Ecological Economics. – 2015. – № 120. – P. 71-82.
3. Fedotova N.V. Economics and Management mining production [Text]:
train aid / N.V. Fedotova, P.K. Fedotov, E.V. Zelynskaya. – 2nd edition is
processed. – Moscow: Academia Estestvoznanyya, 2017. – 168 p.
4. Gayko G.I. History of Mining: [Text] / G.I. Gayko, V.S. Beletsky. – Kiev-Alchevsk: Kievo-Mogylyanska academia, LADO, DonDTU, 2013. – 542 p.
5. Ivanov V.V. Questions of modernization: the role of social
capital [Text] / V.V. Ivanov, V.M. Komarov, P.N. Pavlov. – Moscow: Delo RANXyGS, 2014. – 68
p.