The Ministry for Emergency Situations of the Republic
of Kazakhstan, Candidate of Science (Engineering).
Justification of Communication Logistics in Emergency
Situations
One of the essential problems influencing the effective operation of management
system in emergency situations (ES) is insufficient information support during
the most important and major stages of prevention and relief at emergency
situations. And the question is not only
that information is often insufficient or inaccurate but also that sometimes information
is excess, unformalized or of low quality and information flow into the system
is erratic. All the mentioned factors affect
the effective operation of management system in ES, resulting in inadequate or
low operational efficiency of management decisions. Meanwhile the modern ES
management systems challenge command staff with new tasks. The latter are conditional
to growing sophistication of management process (owing to complication of control
objects), strengthening of requirements to operational efficiency and
credibility of managerial decisions. Most of the named requirements are contradictory
and due to that exacerbate the problem.
The current trends to growth in emergency situations scale force to
develop relief and prevention measures at a full pelt but not less viable. In order
to achieve that the management structure – the
management system in emergency situations – should carry on continual
improvements. How to develop ES management system and ES management as a whole?
Which direction should one head to? What is the root course of the problem?
Analysis of problems with information support during emergency response and
prevention reported that the quality of management was strongly dependant on
the system capability to timely and adequate reaction to changing environment
and timely and adequate controls activation.
Controls activations are generated as a result of processing of information
which circulates in the management system.
Vhuman Vhuman The 2nd information barrier
According to [1], cumulative information flow circulating in the management
system (Vс) is in proportion to the
management system complexity. How can one evaluate the management system
complexity? There are several methods for evaluation of management system
complexity. Empirically the management system complexity can be evaluated with the
help of the following equation: - Complexity = С =(n+m)a, where n – is
the number of managing subsystems in operation; m – is the number of subsystems under control (control object) in
the same management system; a – is an empirical value (а = 1,8…2). By virtue of the fact that information flow Vс in the management system is in proportion to the management system
complexity, V= γ С = γ =(n+m)2 , where γ – is a proportionality
factor which is established empirically.
What are the management system capabilities in processing of the
information flow? These capabilities also relates to complexity of the
management system. If according to the information theory the value of the management
system complexity, which is (n+m)1 , whereby Vс= Vhuman
(capabilities of the
management system controlling body with one controlling element – the commander
(the chief or command officer), is the first information barrier,
then the value of the management system complexity (n+m)2, whereby
Vс= Vmax, is the second
information barrier (Figure 1). It is impossible to break
the second barrier due to the fact that when the complexity of the management
system has achieved the second barrier all the human and material resources had
been used already for the benefits of management. However this barrier can be moved
forward to the scope of responsibilities of more complex management systems. The barrier b21, correspond to capabilities of a managing body without
computing technology with traditional management technique with efficiency Vmax1
= γ 'nmax Vk1 .
Manual Operation Advanced Management Methods Logistical Management Methods Vhuman Vhuman
The barrier b22 corresponds to application
of advanced technological means (typically with computer systems), but with
traditional IT management, with efficiency Vmax2 = γ 'nmax Vk2. The barrier b23 corresponds to application
of more effective IT management with use of computer systems in the process of
management and efficiency Vmax3 = γ 'nmax Vk3. It can be shown that the
barrier b23 is impassable
barrier as it corresponds to application of management technologies of the
highest efficiency (computing systems and information-logistics management methods).
This barrier can be only moved forward by means of using more and more powerful
computer systems and more and more advanced information technologies, such as
information-logistics methods.
The present study proposes to move forward the second information barrier
with the help of ES informational logistics which provides optimal consolidation
of all the resources available. (Figure 2).
Bibliography
Cited:
1. А.А. Larin, Theory of Managemen, Part VI: Automatization
of Management, Handbook of Strategic Rocket Forces, Moscow, 2001, p. 351
2. S.D. Sharipkhanov, V. I. Mukhin, Basics
of Informational Logistics in Emergency Situations: Building of Event Tree of Railway
Accident. Study X, Scientific-Technical
Conference, The Scientific Technical University of the Republic of Kazakhstan
named after K. I. Satpayev, 2009, pp. 198-204.
The Resume
The modern emergency situation management systems are quite effective in
reaction to emergencies of medium scale and complexity. However they suffer extreme
pressure in large-scaled complex emergencies. When the system is stretched to
the limit it comes across the second information barrier, which can not be
broken according to the information theory. Nevertheless the second information
barrier can be moved forward to the scope of more complex management systems.
The traditional methods of moving forward the second information barrier have
come to the end of tether and become inefficient, further development of them is impractical. Therefore
application of new innovative approaches is vital for raising the system’s
functional efficiency. Considering that
all implementation of emergency informational logistics is recommended to solve
the problem.
Keywords: emergency
situation, information barrier, ES informational logistics, ES management
system.