Экономические науки/ 2.Внешнеэкономическая деятельность.
Студент
Кокорев К.В.
ФГБОУ ВПО "Госуниверситет - УНПК", Россия
The premise for attracting foreign
capital in the development of small private businesses in the Russian
Federation.
Foreign
economic activity is very necessary nowadays. Definition of foreign economic
activity refers to foreign trade and investment activities, including
industrial cooperation, in the field of the international exchange of goods,
services, science information, jobs and intellectual activities. FEA is a set
of such functions of companies focused on the world market, wilt the chosen
foreign polices and methods of work in foreign markets.
We live
in twenty first century, when all countries should actively work together and the
companies should move to new levels. Entrepreneurs all over the world,
unfortunately, can not reach the level of maximum yield and stability. The main
reason for this is an international barrier. Entrepreneurs don’t want or can’t
work in other countries.
Firstly,
they are affected by the country in which they live (political system,
government policies and crises).
Secondly,
they have not enough money to work in another country.
Third,
the entrepreneurs don’t trust their money to companies in another country.
Guarantee
support for foreign capital and investment doesn’t allow foreign businessmen to
participate in export projects in those countries that are known for their
political and economical risks, for example, Russian Federation.
Import
financing of major projects in agriculture and transport, nuclear power
engineering and other key economic sectors makes it possible to boost
potentials of Russians producers and open up new opportunities for foreign
investors and their entering on foreign markets by Russian exporters.
For
example, we can consider the agricultural sector. We can allow export and
import transactions and mutual benefit. Thus, investors offer money and its
working methods, technologies, and Russian farmers provide land, buildings and
labor. Eventually, they win both. That is, the investor receives income in the
form of the final product at lower prices and imports it into their own
country. Farmers get fertile land, income, work and knowledge about new
technologies.
Generally
speaking, for investors, the Central Federal District of the Russian Federation
- is the ground for profit. Citizens of Russia can provide fertile lands in
return for providing them with work, infrastructure, and high wages.
However,
investors must work directly with the public, and not with the government,
because the standard of living of Russians leaves much to be desired, despite
the fact that the country has many natural resources: gas, oil, forests,
fertile soil. People do not get profit from them. Profits are got by only
privileged segments of the population who have a monopoly and oligopoly in
Russia.
Today,
the largest foreign investors in Russia are Cyprus, the Netherlands and
Luxembourg, which accounted for respectively 20.7%, 13.5% and 11.7% of all
accumulated investment in the country. The top ten largest investors are China
and Germany (9.3%), Britain (7.2%), Ireland (3.8%), France (3.4%), Japan (3%)
and the Virgin Islands (2.5%).
The
largest flow of investment is spent on raw materials. Total foreign investment
in Russia in 2010, came to the amount of 114.746 billions of dollars of which
agriculture - 446 million dollars.
It's no
secret investors should better invest their money in industry and mining.
However, the insatiable consumption of natural resources by foreigners (raw
material) in a few years and will call the collapse, crises and wars. Today,
all the people of the world should be thinking about the future.
To
achieve the absolute market economy in future, foreign investors shouldn’t
cooperate with large firms, cooperatives and corporations. The state should
assist small businesses and stimulate investment directions. Also, investors
should look for less-developed industry in foreign markets.
Developed
system of foreign economic activity can provide a number of types of
cooperation between investors and invested small companies. We can identify the
following types of cooperation: foreign trade, international division of labor,
industrial cooperation, foreign exchange transactions.
Foreign
trade will stimulate the development of national economies and economic
integration the Russian Federation into the global economy. Investment of
foreign funds in productive agricultural sector will increase exports to the
countries.
The
international division of labor in the country specialize production of certain
goods, for the manufacture of which the country has cheaper factors of
production and the preferred terms in comparison with other countries.
Industrial
cooperation, established by voluntary associations of citizens on the basis of
membership for joint production and other economic activities, will reduce
unemployment.
Currency,
financial and credit operations will strengthen the national currency of the
country that invests.
Finally,
we can say that investors can make big profits from investing in Russia. But
they should look for business partners among the small businessmen of Russia, assistance
in promotion of products and services in the market of Russia and abroad, assistance
in cooperation with Russian Federation, organization business missions in
Russia and in other countries, assistance in drawing up projects on cooperation
with small Russian companies.
ЛИТЕРАТУРА:
1. Интернет ресурс: http://rmz.menzelinsk.ru/news/2156.html
2. Интернет ресурс: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_business
3. Интернет ресурс: http://www.nytimes.com/2005/04/26/business/
worldbusiness/26iht-ruble.html