Ph.D., Associate Professor Bikbulatova A.A.

Ufa State University of Economics and Service, Design and National Cultures Institute,

Ufa, the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia

The size-conscious structures designing of shaping-a-normal-posture goods based on the usage of the material composite

The number of people who have spine disorders is increasing worldwide. The posture shaping is a long process and it is usually completed by the age of 20 or 25 that is why it is very important not to allow the disorder appearance by using prevention. One of such techniques is in using special facilities which shape a normal posture [1]. The research is aimed at everyday psychologically comfortable medioprophylactic clothes designing based on the usage of material composites made of diverse according to their characteristics materials.

Shaping a normal posture clothes are compressive goods because the correction elements press the human’s body reminding about the necessity to hold the back upright. The facilities design, that are used for back muscles training in case of postural disorders, includes the main details as straps, that press shoulders and draw them back, the back detail, which has webbings that pressing either shoulder-blades or muscles, and are located along the spine, and the belt, that fixes the corrector on a person’s body. Depending on the type of a posture disorder, including such ones as the sway back, the round-shouldered back, the sway-concave back, the «scapula alata» posture type, the certain goods design is provided.

Stretch details as straps are subject to a lot of load when servicing. For the purpose of straps wear resistance, shape stability and appearance improving the way of permanent deformation lessening is used. It includes abutting of shape stability pieces (mainly they are made of leather) on a stretch warp.

The size variation of the non-fixed area of a stretch braid (x) allows changing the relaxation characteristics of a package. The material-composite fragment can be seen in figure 1.

x - is the size of the non-fixed area.

Figure 1. The scheme of leather abutting in the «stretch braid-leather»

materials package.

To study mechanical and relaxation qualities of the material package the characteristics of its stability, deformation and reducibility after working loads have been researched. The test has been held with the usage of five straps that were different in size of the non-fixed area of the stretch linen (х = 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 2.5 сm) and in the area of a discrete shape stability coat correspondingly. The study of the disruptive characteristics of the «stretch braid-leather» materials package samples has proved that they are applied for straps producing as the size of the samples breaking load (45-49 daN) considerably exceeds the loads that clothes test when servicing.

Figure 2. The diagrams of the dependence of the breaking load size

on the straps type

The study of the relaxation characteristics has proved that if the discrete shape stability coat area is increased, the elongation is decreased and the samples reducibility is improved. The «stretch braid-leather» material composite samples have shown the high reducibility (0.3-1.2 %) that is considerably higher than the elastic braid reducibility (2%).

In order to determine the pressure size (Y) of the spinal elements depending on the strap length and package type or the discrete shape stability coat area the two-factor experiment was carried out. As the result of the experiment the following incomplete linear equations were obtained:

Y=В₀+В₁·Х1;

where Y is the criterion (pressure) value;

В_0, В₁ are linear coefficient;

Х1 is the strap area fixed by leather fragments.

The researches were held in different body position including «hands down», «hands up», «hands straight» and «hands sideways». The pressure at the point of strap pressing on the shoulder and at the point of enforcement rib pressing on the shoulder-blade were measured on the specially made for these purposes installation.

The dispersion homogeneity checking was carried out by means of Cochran's criterion. At the significance level of 5 % and freedom degree 2 Cochran’s criterion G_cr=0.9. The calculated value is G=0.6<G_cr, that means that dispersions are homogeneous.

The checking of mathematical models adequacy was carried out by means of Fisher’s criterion at the significance level of 5 %.

Table 1. The regression equations to measure pressure values made by a strap and enforcement ribs

Body position	regression equations
	strap	enforcement rib
Hands down	Y = 9,25+3,25 Х1	Y = 12,75 + 3,25 Х1
Hands sideways	Y = 14,87 + 4,21 Х1	Y = 15,75 + 4,25 Х1
Hands straight	Y = 19,25 + 6,25 Х1	Y = 20 + 4,5 Х1
Hands up	Y = 15,75 + 5,75 Х1	Y = 14,25 + 3,75 Х1

Based on the results of the experiment it was proved that the «stretch braid-leather» package type influences the pressure value to a greater extent. It was also observed that the usage of straps belonged to packages allows providing the needed compression level in statics (6-14 mm mercury column). At the same side when moving the compression level does not exceed the maximum compression value of everyday clothes (25 mm mercury column). Thus the received mathematical relations allows forecasting the pressure value on the correction areas and developing size-conscious structures based on choosing of «stretch braid-leather» strap package parameters.

The development of goods is carried out under the medical control of the leading experts in the sphere of orthopaedics of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. On request of the Republic medical exercises dispensary (the city of Ufa, Russia) the pilot batch of clothes samples were produced. Due to the results of their experimental usage it was observed that wearing such clothes results in improving of the patients’ health levels in 90 %. The cases of a negative influence of this type of clothes on a body have not been observed.

References

1. The posture improving over clothes. Patent for the invention № 2211651 Russian Federation МПК⁷ А41D 13/00. Patent applicant and assignee is Ufa State Institute of Service, the originals are Bikbulatova A.A., Kayumova R.Ph., - № 2001131050/12; applied 16 November, 2001; published 10 September, 2003, certificate №6 – 4 pp.: pics (In Russian).