Физическая культура и спорт/1. Физическая культура и
спорт:
проблемы, исследования, предложения
Ph.D. Gradusov V. А., Ph.D. Basenko E.V.
Kharkov state academy of physical culture, Ukraine
CREATIVE CAPABILITIES OF PILOTS IN MOTORCYCLE
RACE
A role
of personality of sportsman is one of leading factors providing steady progress
of sporting skill. Taking into account that the creative capabilities of
personality provide terms for non-standard decisions in a training and the
competition process, a goal being set – to carry out research of creative
capabilities of sportsmen specialized in motor race.
A
research hypothesis consists in supposition, that research of creative capabilities
of personality in motorcycling makes it possible more highly qualitative to organize
the process of selection and sporting orientation, optimize a educational-training
process on the basis of individual creative capabilities of personality of
sportsman, and similarly will help in the selection of professional
teachers-trainers and correct choice of the teaching orientation of children
and teenagers.
Activity
of motosportsman takes place within the framework of the difficult system,
consisting of three associate and interactive links: “a racer – motorcycle – route
(motorcycle course)”. Co-operations of links in such system, in our view, is
one of main tasks of educational-training process in motorcycling [1].
As
every multivariable complex, the system “a racer – motorcycle – route” can be
subdivided into subsystems. Basic of them – “a racer – motorcycle" and “motorcycle
– route”.
In a
subsystem “a racer – motorcycle” in a theoretically a motorcycle is an object
of influence, driving like (in the most general approaching) foil and sword in the
hands of fencer, the ball under the leg of footballer, etc. Therefore driving a
motor cycle in the extreme terms of competitions requires from a man not only
physical efforts but also enormous analyzing and synthesizing activity of
brain, that it is related to the special loading on the psyche of sportsman.
Thus, in co-operation of links of subsystem "man - a motor cycle"
qualificatory is human factor.
In a
subsystem a “motorcycle – route” the result of co-operation of links is
determined by the laws of mechanics, because forces, participating in co-operation
(tractive force, force of friction, centrifugal forces, force of inertia, etc.),
is possible to measure by devices, to confront with the known formulas and
define equivalent force, holding motor cycle on the road or expulsion it from a
route. Thus, in this subsystem qualificatory is an objective factor [1].
Examining
all system “a racer – motorcycle – route” and comparing ponderability objective
and subjective factors in achievement of sporting result, it is possible to
draw conclusion about the qualificatory role of human factor. In other words, a
sportive result as a result of racer’s activity of racing motorcycle-driver is
determined, foremost, by the complex of knowledge, abilities and skills,
related to the technical state of motor cycle and its design features, by
knowledge of technique of steering and tactical of sporting contest perception
of a race situation, and similarly by an acceptance, in this connection,
certain decisions on the motor cycle steering.
Thus,
reliability of actions of racer as an operator of the system is a basic factor,
rendering crucial influence on a sporting result and based on ability to find
decisions in a non-standard situation, and also it is an orientation in a novelty
and ability to realize deeply own experience, that corresponds to the concept
of creative skill of personality according to conception of E. Fromm.
As it
applies to the driver, the concept of reliability and refuse have more wide meaning,
than for the mechanical or radio electronic systems. They embrace not only
actually a refuse from an overload but also change of the state of organism of
sportsman-driver and his pcychophysiologic indexes under influence of racing
competition conditions.
Carried
out researches of creative capabilities of sportsmen, specialized in motorcycle
race allowed to reveal some tendencies in development of creative capabilities
in general and its separate descriptions in particular. The results of
estimation of level of creative skill with the use of questionnaire of N. F. Vishnyakova
are presented in a table 1.
Table 1
Indexes of creative
capabilities of sportsmen-pilots
|
№ |
Rating |
Creative thought |
Curiosity |
Originality |
Imagination |
Intuition |
Emotionality |
Sense of humour |
Creative attitude toward work |
|
||||||||||
|
1 |
МСIC |
9 |
7 |
7 |
3 |
6 |
8 |
6 |
8 |
6,75±0,69 |
||||||||||
|
2 |
MC |
4 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
3 |
4 |
6 |
5 |
3,63±0,60 |
||||||||||
|
3 |
MC |
9 |
6 |
7 |
5 |
9 |
2 |
8 |
3 |
6,13±1,00 |
||||||||||
|
4 |
MC |
8 |
4 |
5 |
2 |
3 |
7 |
6 |
6 |
5,13±0,77 |
||||||||||
|
5 |
CМС |
6 |
7 |
7 |
3 |
6 |
5 |
3 |
6 |
5,38±0,60 |
||||||||||
|
6 |
CМС |
6 |
8 |
10 |
6 |
6 |
5 |
9 |
7 |
7,13±0,65 |
||||||||||
|
7 |
CМС |
5 |
6 |
5 |
5 |
7 |
6 |
7 |
6 |
5,88±0,32 |
||||||||||
|
8 |
CМС |
5 |
7 |
9 |
6 |
5 |
6 |
0 |
1 |
4,88±1,13 |
||||||||||
|
9 |
CМС |
6 |
7 |
8 |
5 |
8 |
5 |
7 |
5 |
6,38±0,49 |
||||||||||
|
10 |
CМС |
8 |
5 |
7 |
7 |
8 |
6 |
7 |
4 |
6,50±0,53 |
||||||||||
|
11 |
CМС |
8 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
8 |
5 |
5 |
4,88±0,82 |
||||||||||
|
12 |
CМС |
6 |
5 |
7 |
3 |
9 |
5 |
7 |
4 |
5,75±0,72 |
||||||||||
|
13 |
CМС |
3 |
5 |
6 |
5 |
8 |
6 |
4 |
7 |
5,50±0,61 |
||||||||||
|
14 |
CМС |
5 |
3 |
6 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
6 |
4 |
4,88±0,37 |
||||||||||
|
15 |
ІІ r. |
7 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
5 |
9 |
4 |
5 |
5,38±0,67 |
||||||||||
|
16 |
n/r |
9 |
8 |
10 |
8 |
3 |
4 |
7 |
8 |
7,13±0,91 |
||||||||||
|
17 |
n/r |
9 |
9 |
8 |
7 |
7 |
6 |
10 |
4 |
7,50±0,73 |
||||||||||
|
|
6,65 |
5,71 |
6,76 |
4,59 |
5,88 |
5,71 |
6,00 |
5,18 |
5,81±0,27 |
|
||||||||||
|
m |
0,48 |
0,48 |
0,46 |
0,48 |
0,55 |
0,42 |
0,59 |
0,45 |
|
|
||||||||||
±m
As it
is obvious from a table 1, sportsmen, specialized in a motor cycle cross-country
race possess the high index of creative thought, originality and sense of
humour, that, in our view, can substantially have influence on a sporting
result.
If one should
examine intercommunication of sporting result and level of creative capabilities
of the investigated pilots, then it is necessary to mark circumstance that
sportsmen, possessing the higher indexes of creative capabilities, win higher
places in different competitions. These conclusions are confirmed by the
official records of competitions. Group of pilots, taking part in research did
not have reliable distinctions in the level of the special and functional
preparedness.
On the
basis of foregoing, it is possible to draw conclusion that at relatively equal
level of preparedness of pilots in motorcycling racing, the more best sporting
results are shown by sportsmen, having the best indexes of creative
capabilities, that confirms their meaningfulness in the system of preparation
of sportsmen specialized in motorcycling races. Obtained data confirm the
results of the earlier carried out researches
in motor-car sport [1, 2].
References:
1. Басенко О.
Креативність особистості в автоспорті / О. Басенко // Молода спортивна наука
України: зб. наук. праць з галузі ФК та С : у 3 т. – Львів: НВФ „Українські
технології”, 2003. – Т. 3, № 7. – С. 28-31.
2. Басенко Е.
В. Креативность и спортивный результат в
автоспорте
(картинг) / Е. В. Басенко, В. С. Ашанин, В. А. Градусов // Педагогіка,
психологія та медико-біологічні проблеми ФВ і С: наукова монографія за редакцією
проф. С. Єрмакова. – Харків : ХДАДМ (ХХПІ), 2007. – № 11. – С. 5-7.