Artamonova E.N.,
Pavlikova S. V.
Saratov State Technical University, Russia
CURRENT TRENDS OF ARCHITECTURE
Important main
idea for the architecture and
construction of the XXI century -
nature is not passive background of our activity: as a result
of human activity the new natural environment, which has a high comfort indices for
urban development and is at the same time, the source of energy for air-conditioning systems
in buildings can be created. This is one of the latest contemporary architecture trends – home design
now a days because adaptation of energy-saving
technology is actually in practice and day-to-day
possible.
Architecture constantly surrounds us, it is changing and evolving, has an impact on our life and work, it is surrounded by attention. Discussion of the problems of architecture takes place on exhibitions, contests and articles.
Today the study of architecture are inadequate criteria
for evaluation of architectural work
as a "typical" or
"unique", "world" or "small-town", today it is more
comprehensive and in-depth analysis
of the object. The main task of criticism
today - this is
not only an understanding of the aesthetic result of architectural work but also the problems and challenges that are posed and
solved the architect to create
his work.
The problem of lack
of free space - this is the problem of all the major cities in the world. All
the increasing demand for office, residential, public, commercial and
exhibition areas, the growing number of cars leads to a maximum concentration
of buildings in the smallest space, which causes the growth of these facilities
in height. Maximum use of space, versatility facilities, accessibility - these
are the main criteria, which are now seeking to architects. But, unfortunately,
the lack of significant experience, substandard building materials and
low-skilled workers, as well as the high cost of design and construction of
tall buildings do not allow to bring projects into reality.
The main objects of
study of architecture are the houses and public buildings, but not as a
separate independent units, but as elements of a larger urban system. This
research facilities - is not just a superficial description and deep analysis
of architectural works from various perspectives that, in turn, provides a
basis for identifying aspects of research, leading from which today is
conceptual, imagery and emotion of architecture. These priorities are important
today and for the creation of new architectural works, whether it be a small
individual house or an entire urban complex as a modern architectural criticism
is the mirror of reality.
The main
characteristics of contemporary architecture research: conceptual, historicity,
contextuality, functionality and constructive. The main areas of research are
architectural criticism kontseptulnost and historicity. As shaped architecture
does not leave indifferent and attracts attention. The historical factor also
plays today an important role in shaping the architectural work, and great
attention is paid to the reconstruction and restoration of monuments of history
and architecture in order to preserve the heritage and authenticity of Russian
architecture. In addition, these aspects of the study of architectural
criticism as a functional and design are becoming less important because they
are the essential qualities of modern architecture, given the current
construction technologies (Fig.1 ) [ 2 ].
Fig.1. The criteria for the study
Architectural press and public loved to follow the "Article architects" - a
group of dozens of architects-stars, who are building around the world. Mainly in this trend, our purpose of saving energy, least use of
artificial resources, environment friendly design, reduction in carbine
emission, support, etc. After all this is all about to support and saving ”.
The role architecture plays in our everyday lives is astronomical. From the cool houses we pages to historical
& iconic buildings that we recognize instantly, architecture surrounds us
daily. The architects behind these buildings and
homes are what we love and the following architects have paved the way for
ingenious design, cutting edge innovation and have become pioneers of our built
environment. For example, modern foreign school conceptual architecture can be
identified with the bright world-famous figures of R. Rogers and H. Foster, R.
Piano and A. Rossi, F. Gehry and Richard Meier, S. Calatrava, Jean Nouvel, K.
K. Tange and Kurokawa, Zaha
Hadid.
Fig.2. Projects
S. Calatrava
In
Russia, the fate of overseas
projects often sad, but they do not get tired of trying to - and about
their attempts are not tired to write. One of the first Frenchman tried Domenica
Perrault, who won the competition for
the new building of the Mariinsky
Theatre in St. Petersburg. Golden
cloud would grow at
an old theater building, but settled
only in magazines and blogs. Russia is an interesting country and it is hoped that the sense of the architecture of the XIX century, it is a feeling and a sense
of architecture, and it is a trend towards architectural school. We do not have it
yet. It took a
very long time, we had a school
of architecture, and then it somehow is not, then
there were all sorts and different processes, and now it is only gradually, gradually
begins to form some clear framework so we
can talk about a coincidence
of Western architecture.
References:
1. Ðàïïàïîðò À. ×òî
òàêîå àðõèòåêòóðà?/ À. Ðàïïàïîðò // Àðõèòåêòîð: http://www.architektor.ru/ai/doc_view.html?185
2. Àçàðîâà Ò.Þ. Ïðèîðèòåòû ñîâðåìåííîé
àðõèòåêòóðíîé êðèòèêè// «Àðõèòåêòîí:
èçâåñòèÿ âóçîâ» ¹ 26: http://archvuz.ru/2009_22/29