Bazhenova B., Bidagaeva S.

East-Siberian State University of Technology and Management

SELENIUM ENRICHMENT OF THE MINCED PASTE MEAT

The modern human food ration testifies of the insufficient consumption of vitamins and minerals, including selenium. The spectrum of selenium action in a human body is wide enough. According to the data of the epidemiological research more than 80 % of the Russian population are provided with selenium below the optimum level [1]. The paper deals with developing and processing a functional meat product enriched with selenium.

Meat products, including paste, are highly nourishing foodstuff. Minced paste meat is the ground homogeneous substance of the paste-like consistence with aroma of spices. Paste belongs to emulsified products and its quality is mostly defined by the functional and technological properties of minced meat.

One of the ways of the improvement of the minced paste meat technological properties is the combination of the vegetative and animal origin proteins. The proteins of the vegetative origin are added into the structure of meat products in a dry or a hydrated way or as part of the protein-fatty emulsions which allow to rationally use meat raw materials and to regulate consumer properties of a ready product.

The objects of the research were the minced paste meat combined with the protein-fatty emulsion and wheat flour (control) and minced paste meat combined with the protein-fatty emulsion enriched with selenium flour and the protein stabilizer (experience). In developing the recipe of the minced paste meat we used the pork skin as a protein stabilizer which had been boiled and ground with water. Then it was necessary to define its water retaining ability [2], as the basic functional and technological indicator of the minced paste meat.

As a result, without the protein-fatty emulsion the water-retaining ability of the minced paste meat sample was 92.8 % (fig. 1). But its water retaining ability increased by 2.1 % when added 5 % protein-fatty emulsion with wheat flour into the recipe. The protein-fatty emulsion increased the product’s binding properties due to the dairy protein additive – the so called "Anisomin".

The increase of the dose of the added protein-fatty emulsion by 10 % resulted in higher water-retaining ability of the minced paste meat by 1.5 %. But, on the contrary, more than 10 % of the protein-fatty emulsion added to the substance did not result in higher water retaining ability.

We found out that the addition of the selenium flour into the composition of the protein-fatty emulsion resulted in the increase of the water-retaining ability of the product, for the proсess of starch gelation started at 62⁰ С and higher which enabled the product to retain water.

The differences in the indicator studied are also caused by the changes of β-gluсan which is released from the walls of endosperm cells while the process of wheat germination. High-molecular β-gluсan seems to act as the additional gelation formation factor in case of the thermal processing. All the indicators mentioned bring about higher gelation formation ability of the minced paste meat.

The introduction of the protein stabilizer with high gelation forming properties into the structure of the trial samples enhanced the water-retaining process. As a result the more the dose of protein-fatty emulsion samples is, the higher the water-retaining ability of the minced paste meat is because of the increase of the constituents of "Anisomin", a biologically active additive, phosphates and the protein stabilizer in the dose.

Fig.1. Water-retaining ability of the minced paste meat

Thus, the introduction of the protein-fatty emulsion with the selenium flour and the protein stabilizer into the minced paste meat raised the functional and technological indicators of the minced paste meat. In such a way the product is enriched with selenium.

List of Readings:

1. Tuteljan V. A. Selenium in a Human Body: Metabolism, Antioxidant Properties, Cancerogenesis Role / V. A Tuteljan, etc. – М.: Publishing House of the Russian Academy of Medical Science, 2002. – 224 p.

2. Antipova L.V., Glotova I.A., Rogov I.A. Research Methods of Meat and Meat Products / L.V.Antipova, etc. – М.: Kolos, 2001. – 376 p.