Карагандинский Государственный Университет им.Е.А.Букетова
Абдразакова А.А. Бакенова А.М.
Болатбекова А.К. Искакова Р.К
"Information and communication technologies in teaching foreign
languages"
It should be noted that at the
present stage the main task of the state educational policy is to create
conditions to achieve a new quality of education in line with the future needs
of modern life.
In modern conditions need to pay
more attention to the development of creative abilities of students, their learning
needs and interests. In this situation, the teacher not only presents
information on his subject, but also plans, organizes and supervises the
training activities the student develops the skills of educational work,
thinking skills, ability to apply knowledge in practice.
A special place in the solution of
these problems learning methods that every teacher should be able to
competently use. Without methods is impossible to achieve this goal, to realize
the content to fill the training of cognitive activity.
Methods of teaching - an essential
component of the learning process. Without the use of appropriate methods is
impossible to realize planned goals and objectives of teacher training its
object.
One of the main modern methods of
instruction is programmed teaching method using a computer. The effectiveness
of educational material on the student audience is largely dependent on the
extent and level of oral illustrative material. Visually rich teaching material
makes it a bright, compelling and promotes intensification of the process of
its assimilation.
Modern educational technology such
as cooperative learning, project methodology, the use of new information and
communication technologies, Internet resources to help implement the
student-centered approach to learning, provide individualization and
differentiation of learning, taking into account students' abilities, their
level of inclination.
At English lessons using a computer
can solve a number of didactic objectives: to form skills of reading, writing
skills improve students; Vocabulary students; form students' steady motivation
to learn English. The world of advanced information technologies increasingly
takes place in our lives. Their use in the classroom, we increase motivation
and cognitive activity of students of all ages, expanding their horizons.
Information and communication technology enhances the learning motivation and
study of foreign language improvement of students' knowledge. ICT focus
on intensifying the learning process, to improve the forms and methods of
organization of educational process.
One of the new requirements for
language teaching using Internet resources, is to create interaction in class,
what is called in the method of interactivity. According to the definition RP
Milrud, interactivity - a "union, coordination and complementarity of
efforts communicative goals and results of speech means."
As an information system, iinternet
offers its users the variety of information and resources. A basic set of
services may include:
1. e-mail;
2. teleconference;
3. videoconferencing;
4. The ability to publish their own
information, the creation of their own home pages;
5. Access to information resources:
6. reference directories;
7. search engines;
8. network conversation.
These resources can be actively used
in the English class.
Mastery of communicative and
intercultural competence is impossible without communication practices, and
resource utilization. Internet language lessons, in this sense, is simply
irreplaceable: the virtual environment. Internet allows you to go beyond the
temporal and spatial framework, giving its users the opportunity to communicate
with real authentic interlocutors on current topics for both sides. However, we
must not forget that the Internet - only assistive technology training, and for
best results, you must properly integrate its use during the lesson. In
optional classes my students really like talking on the Internet with native
English speakers.
Achieve communicative orientation in
teaching foreign languages using a computer can be a text editor mode. Word -
one of the most advanced programs in the class word processor, which provides
for the implementation of hundreds of operations. Word processor can be used as
a tool for creating training exercises as a tool to stimulate students'
activity on the creation of texts in the target language.
Examples of assignments:
- Type the text, make changes to it;
- Reduce the text, leaving it the
most important information;
locate, select the text to
answer the following questions;
- Share the text into meaningful
parts;
- Restore the correct order of the
proposals;
- In the text no punctuation,
capital letters, spaces between words. Restore it;
- Find and select the passive
constructions (bold, italics);
Also, students create
communicatively important texts: greeting cards, profiles, biographies, essays,
projects.
In the program the method of
teaching, the following basic forms of information technology in the classroom:
1) Computer presentation as a slide
by teacher and student;
2) Electronic textbooks;
3) Electronic dictionaries,
encyclopedias;
4) Fragments of virtual lectures;
5) Work with the test program.
There are many computer programs
that help English language teachers and learners in mastering English.
Computer training programs have many
advantages over traditional methods of learning. They allow you to train
different types of speech activity and combine them in different combinations,
to help understand the language phenomena, form a linguistic abilities, to
create communicative situations, language and speech to automate actions, and
ensure the implementation of an individual approach and intensification of
independent work of students.
Computer maximum approximates the
process of teaching English to the real conditions. Computers can absorb new
information in a certain way to handle it and make decisions can store the
necessary data, display moving pictures, supervise the work of technical
training aids as speech synthesizers, video recorders, tape recorders.
Computers significantly extend the capabilities of teachers in the
individualization of learning and enhance the cognitive activity of pupils
learning English, to maximize the learning process to adapt to the individual
characteristics of students.
New information technologies attract
students and is one of their main interests. Therefore, the use of information
technology in the educational process contributes to the formation of positive
motivation. The advantage of using a computer is that it allows to increase the
professional level of teachers. Meeting new ICT affects their opportunities
offered to improve the educational process and the educational system as a
whole. New information technologies being introduced in education, promote the rise
of a qualitatively new level.
The modern period of development of
civilized society characterizes the process of informatization. One of the
priorities of the process of informatization of modern society is the
computerization of education - introduction of the means of new information
technologies in education.
In connection with the development
process of informatization of education changed the scope and content of
educational material, there is a restructuring program of academic subjects.
Parallel to this process is the introduction of innovative approaches to the
problem of students' knowledge-based development and use of complex computer
testing, diagnosing control methods and assess the level of assimilation.
The process of informatization of
education not only leads to a change in organizational forms and methods of
teaching, but also to create new ones.
When teaching grammar - the
formation of receptive grammatical skills of reading and listening; the
formation of productive grammatical skills mainly writing; control the level of
formation of grammatical skills on the basis of test programs; the provision of
reference and information support (automated guide to grammar, grammatical
errors detection systems).
When teaching vocabulary - the
formation of receptive vocabulary skills of reading and listening; the
formation of productive lexical skills mainly writing; control the level of
formation of lexical skills on the basis of test and game software using visual
clarity; vocabulary students.
When learning to read - the skills
of establishing correspondences zvukobukvennyh; training technique of reading
aloud; improving skills in the art of reading; consolidation of receptive
vocabulary and grammar skills of reading; learning to extract from the text of
the semantic information of various kinds; Learning different types of text
analysis; Learning to self-overcoming language difficulties; control of the
accuracy and depth of understanding of the text read.
When teaching listening - the
formation of phonetic listening skills; control of the correct understanding of
listened text.
When teaching speaking - the
formation of phonetic skills of speaking; organization of communication in
pairs and small groups, using role-playing games.
When teaching translation -
formation of lexical and grammatical skills transfer; control of the
correctness of translation.
The main types of work with a
personal computer at English lessons can be divided into two groups: the use of
training and educational programs on CD and creation of programs in a variety
of applications by the teacher with further use in the classroom to explain the
material or its processing and verification.
The use of training programs - the
most affordable way to use the computer as in the classroom and outside school
hours. A variety of multimedia games contribute to the expansion of vocabulary
familiar with the grammar of the English language, learn to understand it by
ear, how to write. Multimedia features allow to listen to it in the target language,
and sound speed control allows you to divide phrases into single words. Using a
microphone and automatic control allows you to adjust the phonetic
pronunciation skills.
Currently, there are many computer
programs that help English teacher and students in learning English. Computer
training programs have many advantages over traditional methods of learning.
They allow you to train different types of speech activity and combine them in
different combinations, to help understand the language phenomena, form a
linguistic abilities, to create communicative situations, language and speech
to automate actions, and ensure the implementation of an individual approach
and intensification of independent work of students.
Great help in teaching phonetics,
formation of articulation, rhythm and intonation pronunciation skills, has a
program "Professor Higgins." This program can be used during charging
phonetic. Sounds, words, phrases and sentences are perceived by students at the
hearing and visually. Students have the opportunity to watch the computer
screen for the articulatory movements and have hearing right intonation. In the
tutorial, "Professor Higgins" presents a large number of training
grammar exercises. Working on a computer, each student is studying and pondering
the answer as much time as he needs. In the "grammar" of the program
"Professor Higgins" has two parts: theoretical and practical.
Checking student knowledge, the
program celebrates its successes, as appropriate prompts.
While studying grammar plays an
important role of training exercises. In this sense, educational computer
programs provide opportunities. This wildcard proposals, proposals with blanks,
preparation of quotations from a set of words, the formation of interrogative
and negative sentences, etc. Strictly speaking, this is the most common
exercises, but the difference lies in the fact that students do not see them on
paper and on the monitor. The good news is, and that you can immediately know
whether to perform an exercise. Computer program "Professor Higgins"
gives students three attempts the task, then the student is offered the right
option.
Thus, the computer can significantly
increase the motivation and interest of students to learn, since the advantage
of programmed instruction is that it allows the student to move in its own
convenient pace for him. The transition to the next block of material takes
place only after the previous assimilated. In conclusion, we note that
programmed learning method using a computer allows to diversify the activities
of students, to strengthen attention, increases the creative potential of the
individual. That information technology can make the learning process for
students personally meaningful, in which he will be able to fully develop their
research skills, imagination, activity and independence. No wonder this
technology refers to technology of the 21st century. It is obvious that in the
near future the study of foreign languages with the introduction of new
information and communication technologies in the field of research goes into
the area of study and will be widely distributed.
List of references
1. Kochergina IG Improving the
cognitive abilities of students through the use of information and
communication technologies in the teaching of English. Foreign languages at
school, № 3, 2009, str.45-49.
2. Matveeva NV Application of
computer technology in the teaching of foreign languages. Computer science and
education, № 6, 2006, p. 72-76.
3. Petrova LP The use of computers
in foreign language lessons - the need of time. Foreign languages at school, №
5, 2005, pp. 57-60.
4. Podoprigorova LA Use of the
Internet in teaching foreign languages. Foreign languages at school, № 5, 2003,
pp. 25-31.