Uliana Kvitinskaya (Êâèòèíñêàÿ Ó.È.)
Odessa State Economic University
Features of the Ukrainian export of
corn cultures.
In
modern economic space, where base principles of competitive activity are formed
on the basis of factors of globalization, the foreign trade is the
extraordinarily important element of public economic policy.
In the
context of the all greater deepening process of integration, the necessity of
saving and increase of comparative advantages acquires in a production as
possible of plenty of products becomes especially important value for every
country. From this point of view, the special attention is deserved by the corn
market of Ukraine, which provides about 35% export of agroindustrial complex
(4% in the structure of general commodity export) and can bring an almost 1
milliard dollars profit to the
Ukrainian economy every year.
For
this reason note should be taken on factors that influence on activity of the
Ukrainian exporters of grain. So, let us analyse (see Pic. 1).
imperfection of legislation debt of the
state in returning of the tax value-added Dictation of prices
Pic. 1 Factors that influence on activity
of the Ukrainian exporters of grain
One of
the basic problems, that stops
development of export potential of Ukraine, and also economic return from the
export, there is a debt of the state from returning of export VAT (tax value-added).
For
proceeding in valuable activity and addition to the circulating assets, export
companies have to take credits. As a result expenses on realization of export
activity increase additionally.
Practices
of corn market are convinced also, that Law of Ukraine "On state support
of agriculture of Ukraine" needs substantial revision and improvement.
Possibility
of the administrative adjusting of market (minimum and highest prices, quotas)
deprives the operators of market of possibility to make long-term agreements at
the internal and export market actually. As a result Ukraine can forget about
possibility of going into the most perspective world markets of sale of corn.
The separate large block of
questions that related to the economy of export operations are infrastructural
charges. For example the problem of high railway tariffs on transportation of
grain is very actual.
Ukraine
practically is not protected from vibrations and natural changes which substantially
influence on the export situation of world market. Also
the problems of quality of corn and standardization are not worked out.
The illegal limits on moving of corn by territory of Ukraine and also
for export are very important.
The consequences of similar activity are extremely negative. The
Ukrainian exporters lose reputation because of not completing or ill-timed contract execution.
The
exporters of corn in Ukraine have unstable position at the market, and that is
why they need greater support from the side of the state.
Unfortunately, in this time by the basic traders of corn from Ukraine,
there are foreign companies in the world market: Glencore International AG, W.I.Grain Ltd., Alfred C Toefler International Gmbh, Cargill International S.A., Louis Dreyfus Negoce S.A., and other.
Large domestic traders which try to defend their
interests in competitive activity for world markets get the basic share of the
profits not due to a difference between
selling and purchases prices, but due to the compensation of VAT. Sometimes politicians do the motto of
abolition of VAT, but the abolition of VAT can indeed destroy the class of the
Ukrainian exporters of corn, depriving their activity of financial viability.
For this reason Ukraine can not only be delivered considerable entering of
currencies economy, but also yet on the protracted term to throw away the
opportunity to go out to the world markets of corn as an independent subject of
world concord, instead of raw material appendage of corn multinational
corporations.
Used
literature
1. Î.Â. Îâñÿíí³êîâ
Ôîðìàâàííÿ çîâí³øíüîòîðãîâåëüíèõ â³äíîñèí íà ðèíêó çåðíà â Óêðà¿í³./Åêîíîì³êà
ÀÏÊ,2006, ¹5
6. www.agrimarket.info